scholarly journals Cerebellar Medulloblastoma in Middle-to-Late Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Aljoghaiman ◽  
Mahmoud S. Taha ◽  
Marwah M. Abdulkader
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Embryonal Tumor ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Cerebellar Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that is typically seen in children. It is classified as an embryonal tumor, classically located within the posterior fossa. When it involves the fourth ventricle, the patient commonly presents with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure secondary to obstructive hydrocephalus. It is exceedingly rare for Medulloblastoma to occur in middle and late adulthood. In this paper, we present a case of a 51-year-old man who presented with a posterior fossa mass that was diagnosed later as Medulloblastoma.

Hemangioma Calcificans in the Fourth Ventricle

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobayashi Hidenori ◽  
Kawano Hirokazu ◽  
Ito Haruhide ◽  
Hayashi Minoru ◽  
Yamamoto Shinjiro
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
4Th Ventricle

Abstract A case of hemangioma calcificans in the 4th ventricle is reported. Skull x-ray films demonstrated a dense calcification in the posterior fossa. Computed tomography disclosed a hyperdense mass in the 4th ventricle. The clinical picture was of increased intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus. An hemangioma calcificans in the 4th ventricle was removed successfully.

scholarly journals Malignant Rhabdoid Tumour of the Pineal Region

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Muller ◽  
Sherri Lynn Hubbard ◽  
John Provias ◽  
Mark Greenberg ◽  
Laurence E. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pineal Region ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Rhabdoid Tumour ◽  
Intratumoral Hemorrhage ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract:A 9-month-old male presented to hospital with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. A CT scan showed obstructive hydrocephalus from a large pineal region mass lesion into which an intratumoral hemorrhage had occurred. A posterior fossa craniectomy and subtotal excision of the mass lesion were performed. By histopathology, the lesion was a malignant rhabdoid tumour (MRT). Despite surgery and chemotherapy, the tumour grew inexorably, and the patient died four months after the initial diagnosis. MRT is a rare and highly invasive neoplasm which infrequently arises from the central nervous system. This is the first documented case of a MRT arising from the pineal region. The clinical, radiographic, and pathological features of the MRT in this patient are presented.

scholarly journals Central neurocytomas of uncommon locations: report of two cases

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francinaldo Lobato Gomes ◽  
Luciano Ricardo França ◽  
Samuel Tau Zymberg ◽  
Sérgio Cavalheiro
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pineal Region ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Uncommon Location

We report two patients with central neurocytomas at an uncommon location in the brain. The first, a 58-year-old man presenting with signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, had a tumor located at the pineal region. The second, a 21-year-old woman with tumor in the aqueductal region had worsening migraine-like headaches and diplopia. Both patients had obstructive hydrocephalus treated by neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy and biopsy of the tumors. No additional treatment was done. We conclude that neurocytomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tumors located in the pineal and aqueductal regions.

scholarly journals Primary Isolated Lymphoma of the Fourth Ventricle in an Immunocompetent Patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakan Bokhari ◽  
Ahmad Ghanem ◽  
Mahmoud Alahwal ◽  
Saleh Baeesa
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Complete Tumor Resection ◽  
Initial Line ◽  
Complete Tumor

Primary central nervous lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a especially poor prognosis. The diagnosis is usually encountered in immunodeficient patients but is also encountered, albeit uncommonly, in the immunocompetent. We present a 50-year-old male who developed signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Imaging revealed the presence of a fourth ventricle mass with obstructive hydrocephalus. First, the patient underwent emergency endoscopic third ventriculostomy followed, few days later, by complete tumor resection via a posterior fossa craniotomy. Postoperative histopathology revealed the lesion to be a PCNSL. He received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation and remained with no recurrence on regular imaging studies for 18-month followup. We report herein the fourth case of isolated PCNSL lesion to the fourth ventricle in the literature and provide the rationale for our belief that craniotomy and tumor resection, if feasible, should be the initial line of management in similar cases to relieve hydrocephalus and achieve the diagnosis.

Posterior Fossa Ependymoma

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Boop ◽  
Jimmy Ming-Jung Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Subarachnoid Spaces ◽  
Growth Of Tumor ◽  
Foramen Of Luschka

Pediatric posterior fossa ependymomas are typically well-delineated masses with heterogenous enhancement arising from the floor, lateral aspect, or roof of the fourth ventricle. Growth of tumor into the posterior fossa subarachnoid spaces, particularly into the foramen of Magendie and the cerebellopontine angles via the foramen of Luschka, is a radiological hallmark of this tumor. Clinical findings of elevated intracranial pressure and obstructive hydrocephalus are common at presentation. The current standard of care for children with ependymoma consists of gross total resection with subsequent focal radiotherapy. The extent of resection is the single most important determinant of outcome. Hydrocephalus typically resolves after resection, and it is uncommon to require cerebrospinal shunt placement after tumor removal.

Oligodendroglioma and cerebral cavernous angioma

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Pin Chee ◽  
Robin Johnston ◽  
David Doyle ◽  
Peter Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cavernous Angioma ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vascular Component ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report a case of frontal lobe oligodendroglioma associated with a cavernous angioma. The patient presented with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Computerized tomography with contrast enhancement failed to detect the vascular component. The clinical and pathological significance of the presence of this vascular malformation in an oligodendroglioma is discussed.

scholarly journals Resolution of precocious puberty following resection of fourth ventricular medulloblastoma: case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata G. Medina ◽  
David P. Dempsher ◽  
Karen M. Gauvain ◽  
Thomas J. Geller ◽  
Samer K. Elbabaa
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Neurosurgical Department ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Inferior Surface ◽  
History Of

Medulloblastoma is a malignant embryonal tumor that arises in the cerebellum and invades the fourth ventricle, often resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus. Patients typically present with symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure and cerebellar dysfunction. The authors report a rare case of classic medulloblastoma with central precocious puberty (CPP) as its only presenting symptom. A 7-year-old boy with no prior history of medulloblastoma presented with Tanner Stage IV testicular enlargement and a 4-month history of acne and pubic hair. Laboratory tests of blood samples demonstrated highly elevated luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. Admission MRI of the brain revealed a mass in the posterior fossa, which bordered and compressed the fourth ventricle. The patient also exhibited mild lateral and third ventriculomegaly. Surgical options were discussed with the neurosurgical department. A suboccipital craniotomy and C-1 laminectomy were performed. A large mass was seen arising from the inferior surface of the vermis, and lying within the fourth ventricle. Gross-total microsurgical resection of the mass was performed. Histopathological investigation characterized the tumor as classic medulloblastoma. Follow-up laboratory tests of blood samples demonstrated a reduction of LH, FSH, and testosterone back to prepubertal levels. The patient then began radiation and chemotherapy. This report demonstrates that mild obstructive hydrocephalus due to a posterior fossa tumor may present with unexpected symptoms, such as CPP. To the authors’ knowledge, precocious puberty has not yet been associated with medulloblastoma, although it has been found with other posterior fossa tumors. Extensive imaging of the CNS for patients presenting with CPP is recommended.

Primary hypertension—induced cerebellar encephalopathy causing obstructive hydrocephalus

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg Verrees ◽  
Jose Americo Fernandes Filho ◽  
Jose I. Suarez ◽  
Robert A. Ratcheson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Hypertensive Crisis ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Hypertension-induced encephalopathy is a recognized pathological process commonly focused in the parietal and occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres. The parenchyma of the posterior fossa is infrequently involved. The authors report on two cases of isolated edema of the cerebellar hemispheres, which occurred in the setting of hypertensive crisis and led to complete obstruction of or significant impingement on the fourth ventricle and potentially lethal hydrocephalus. To the best of the authors' knowledge, these are the first reported cases of hypertensive encephalopathy centered in the posterior fossa. Two patients presented with profound decreases in neurological status subsequent to development of malignant hypertension. Imaging studies revealed diffusely edematous cerebellar hemispheres with effacement of the fourth ventricle, causing dilation of the lateral and third ventricles. Following emergency placement of external ventricular drains, control of systemic blood pressure was accomplished, and neurological functioning returned to baseline. Although neurological deterioration resolved swiftly following placement of ventricular catheters and administration of diuretic agents, systemic blood pressure did not fluctuate with the release of cerebrospinal fluid and resolution of increased intracranial pressure. Decrease in systemic blood pressure lagged well behind improvement in neurological status; the patients remained morbidly hypertensive until systemic blood pressure was controlled with multiple parenteral medications. The authors hypothesize that the development of hypertension beyond the limits of cerebral autoregulation led to breakdown of the blood—brain barrier in the cerebellum and development of posterior fossa edema secondary to the focal transudation of protein and fluid. Correction of the elevated blood pressure led to amelioration of cerebellar edema. In the appropriate clinical setting, hypertension as the inciting cause of cerebellar encephalopathy should be considered.

Management of obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to posterior fossa tumors by steroids and subcutaneous ventricular catheter reservoir

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs D. Schmid ◽  
Rolf W. Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ventricular Catheter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In 61 patients (38 adults and 23 children) with surgically treatable tumors of the posterior fossa and obstructive hydrocephalus the following treatment for hydrocephalus was employed: 1) a high dose of steroids was given after diagnosis; 2) a frontal ventricular catheter with a subcutaneous fluid reservoir (Rickham) was inserted within 2 to 5 days; 3) a temporary external ventricular drainage system was attached to the reservoir if, despite the steroids, intracranial pressure was over 30 cm H2O; and 4) tumor excision was performed within 5 days to reopen the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. In view of the wide range of potential complications, it was decided not to use a shunt before craniotomy. A shunt was inserted only if the CSF pathways remained obstructed after tumor removal. With this regimen, 93% of all patients (100% of the adults and 83% of the children) were shunt-free after the operation, without fatal complications. The infection rate was 4.9%. It was concluded that the severity of symptoms of raised intracranial pressure from hydrocephalus, the intraventricular pressure, and the size or location of the tumor prior to surgery do not have prognostic value as to which patients will require a shunt after surgery.

scholarly journals A case of racemose and intraventricular neurocysticercosis in an unusual location

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Singh ◽  
Surya P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle

Racemose and intraventricular neurocysticercosis are uncommon types of neurocysticercosis, resulting in a multiloculated, grape-like cluster appearance in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces. A male patient presented with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure and demonstrated racemose neurocysticercosis at an atypical location involving the region of the crus of the fornix at the level of the body of lateral ventricles on magnetic resonance imaging. Associated intraventricular neurocysticercosis was seen in the atrium of the left lateral ventricle and fourth ventricle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document