scholarly journals Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Salmonellosis in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Legesse Garedew ◽  
Semaria Solomon ◽  
Yoseph Worku ◽  
Hilina Worku ◽  
Debela Gemeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Widal Test ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Background. Diagnosis using reliable tools and treatment followingin vitroantimicrobial susceptibility tests are critical to proper addressing of antibiotic-resistantSalmonellainfection.Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the practice of diagnosis and treatment of salmonellosis in Addis Ababa. Tube Widal test (for blood samples only), culture, biochemical and carbohydrate fermentation, serotyping, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were employed for both blood and stool samples.Results. Of all the diseases listed in the diagnosis, nontyphoidal (n=72, 13.71%) and typhoidal (n=47, 8.95%) salmonellosis were the second and third common diseases. Among the 288 blood samples, almost half were positive for O, H, or both antigens. However, only 1 (0.68%) of the positive blood samples yieldedSalmonellaisolate during culture. The study demonstrated low specificity (0.68%) and positive predictive value (48.78%) of Widal test. Conversely, the test showed 100% sensitivity and negative predictive values.Salmonellaisolates were identified from 7 (7.07%) of 99 stool samples. Two-thirds of salmonellosis suspected patients received antibiotic treatment. However, only half of the confirmed salmonellosis patients were treated with appropriate antibiotics. All of the isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone but resistant to ampicillin.Conclusions. Majority of the patients who participated in this study were wrongly diagnosed using symptoms, clinical signs, and tube Widal test. Consequently, most of the patients received inappropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Characterization of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolates from Asymptomatic Migrant Food Handlers in Peninsular Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1378-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Yee Woh ◽  
Kwai Lin Thong ◽  
Jerzy Marian Behnke ◽  
John Watkin Lewis ◽  
Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

ABSTRACT Asymptomatic Salmonella carriers who work as food handlers pose food safety and public health risks, particularly during food preparation, and this has serious implications for the disease burden in society. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the number of Salmonella carriers in a migrant cohort in several food establishments in three major cities in Peninsular Malaysia. Sociodemographic data and stool samples were collected and analyzed using standard methods of detection and isolation. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests of the positive samples were also performed. A total of 317 migrant food handlers, originating from South and Southeast Asian countries, were recruited voluntarily. Nine (2.8%) stool samples were confirmed to be Salmonella positive. PCR serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified four serotypes as Typhimurium (n = 3), Corvallis (n = 2), Hadar (n = 1), Agona (n = 1) and two unknown serovars. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that all nine isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and gentamycin. However, seven isolates were found to be multidrug resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfonamides, streptomycin, and tetracycline. This study highlights that carriers of nontyphoidal Salmonella exist among migrant food handlers, which poses a health risk to consumers through food contamination. Our results indicate a need for authorities to enhance food safety awareness in the migrant workers and to reevaluate current health screening methods to include preventive measure such as mandatory stool screening as part of the preemployment and routine health examinations.

Yersinia enterocolitica isolates from humans in California, 1968-1975

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
M L Bissett
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
California Department ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

This paper reports on the serological and biochemical characteristics of 24 human isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica submitted to the California Department of Health from 1968 through 1975. Nine different serotypes were represented. The majority of strains were serotype O:8 (six strains) and serotype O:5 (five strains). Sources of the isolates included feces (12 cases), blood (3), sputum or throat (3), bile or bowel drainage (2), wounds (2), breast abscess (1), and skin abscess (1). Clinical histories indicated a number of different syndromes. Underlying medical conditions existed in 13 cases. Results of selected biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility tests on the strains indicated grouping compatible with the O serotypes of the organisms.

scholarly journals Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falah Hasan Obayes AL-Khikani
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Around the world, there is no population clear from urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among women. UTI is considered the most predominant bacterial infection. This study aimed to detect the incidence of the most common major uropathogens in patients severe from urinary tract infection with antibiotic sensitivity tests that assist urologist doctors for appropriate antimicrobial empirical therapy.Methods: This study was carried in a private laboratory in Babil city, Iraq from May 2019 to May 2020. Totally 70 individuals suffering from clear symptoms of UTI, as well as, 20 healthy persons participated in this study as a control group. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried out to isolate and identify bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Totally, 90 specimens were obtained from them 20 control group, 19 with no growth, and 51 patients with bacterial growth distributed as 43 (83%) females and 8 (17%) males. E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 82% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 20% and 13% to Gentamicin and amikacin respectively. Most age group infected with UTI was 21-40 years old.Conclusion: The current study showed an increasing burden of urinary tract infection caused by various bacteria implicated in UTI that causes changeable sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, in clinical use appropriate medications should be selected based on the data obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

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