scholarly journals Speed Simulation of Pig Restarting from Stoppage in Gas Pipeline

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang He ◽  
Zheng Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Common Operation

Pigging is a common operation in the oil and gas industry. Because of the compressibility of the gas, starting up a pipeline inspection gauge (pig) from a stoppage can generate a very high speed of the pig, which is dangerous to the pipe and the pig itself. Understanding the maximum speed a pig achieves in the restarting process would contribute to pig design and safe pigging. This paper presents the modeling of a pig restarting from a stoppage in gas pipeline. In the model, the transient equations of gas flow are solved by method of characteristics (MOC). Runge-Kutta method is used for solving the pig speed equation. The process of a pig restarting from a stoppage in a horizontal gas pipe is simulated. The results indicate that the maximum speed a pig achieves from a stoppage is primarily determined by the pressure of the pipe and the pressure change caused by the obstructions. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) is used to study the maximum speed of pig. An empirical formula is present to predict the maximum speed of a pig restarting from a stoppage in gas pipeline.

scholarly journals Inlet pressure simulation of pigging in uphill gas pipeline

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang He ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Yishan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Common Operation

Pipe cleaning is a common operation in the oil and gas industry. In this paper, the governing equation of the pipeline inspection gauge (PIG, lowercase pig is commonly used) speed is combined with the gas flow equations. The method of characteristics (MOC) is used to solve the transient equations of gas flow. And the process of a pig passing over an uphill section of a gas pipeline is simulated. The results indicate that a pig may get stuck in uphill gas pipeline, due to the coupling of the gas and the pig. Under these circumstances, a higher pressure of the upstream could be helpful for driving the pig in motion. Additionally, the ratio of inlet pressure rise during the pigging process is primarily determined by the inclination of the uphill section. In addition, a formula to predict the inlet pressure during pigging in an uphill pipe is presented. Furthermore, the proposed method and solution can be utilized to predict the speed and position of the pig, as well as the gas pressure and the stoppage of the pig in hilly gas pipelines.

Tracerco Discovery: the world's first subsea computed tomography (CT) scanner for non-intrusive pipeline inspection

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Lee Robins
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Loss

Tracerco Discovery is the world’s first subsea CT scanner, providing high-resolution wall integrity data plus detection of hydrates and other deposits for flow assurance purposes. It is deployed as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the inspection is carried out from the outside of the pipeline. It is the only non-invasive technology capable of inspecting unpiggable coated pipelines and there is no need to remove and replace the pipe’s protective coating. Unpiggable pipelines, especially coated ones, have proven extremely difficult (and in most cases impossible) to inspect for integrity and wall loss issues. An externally deployed tool to do this is needed by the global pipeline industry. Gas hydrates and other pipeline deposits pose a large challenge for the oil and gas industry as they can form restrictions that can result in costly shutdowns and serious safety threats. It is, therefore, important to be able to locate such restrictions subsea with high accuracy to allow safe and efficient remediation operations. Discovery benefits: Production can continue and normal operations are not affected. A high-resolution tomographic image of wall thickness and pipe contents at each scanning location is provided to 2 mm resolution. Coating does not need to be removed. Suitable for gas, liquid, or multiphase flow. Suitable for rigid and flexible lines. Pipe-in-Pipe lines and pipe-bundles can be inspected to measure the wall thickness of outer and inner pipes. The presentation of this extended abstract covers the background of the development work, gives a description of the technology, and shows recent results.

Logic Sequence Prevents Launching Devices Downhole Out of Sequence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo de Lepeleire ◽  
Nicolas Rogozinski ◽  
Hank Rogers ◽  
Daniel Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Common Operation ◽  
Increasing Demand

Within the oil and gas industry, significant costs are often incurred by the operating company during the well-construction phase of drilling operations. Specifically, the operators cost to drill a well can cost tens or hundreds of millions of USD. One specific area where significant changes in drilling operations have occurred is in the offshore environment, specifically operations from mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs). With the ever-increasing demand for oil and gas, operators globally have increased drilling budgets in an effort to meet forecasted demand. However, the increased budgets are often eroded or offset by increasing drilling costs. Therefore, operators are continually in search of new technology, processes, or procedures to help improve drilling operations and overall operational efficiencies. One Latin America operator identified a common operation as a possible area where operational cost could be easily reduced through the implementation of systems that allow the manipulation of valve manifolds remotely. Additionally, operating such valve manifolds remotely enhanced operational safety for personnel, which was an equally important consideration. This paper details the evaluation of existing equipment and procedures and a process used to develop a new remote-control system using a machine logic control (MLC) that has been designed, built, tested, and deployed successfully on MODUs operating in Latin America.

Source Models for Noise Generated in Corrugated Pipes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. D. Goyder
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Structural Vibration ◽  
Sustained Oscillation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Delay Term ◽  
Source Models

Corrugated pipes are used in the oil and gas industry because they are flexible. Such pipes may generate large levels of noise when carrying a gas flow. The noise source is due to the cavities in the corrugations in which vortices form and interact with acoustic waves. The resulting flow-acoustic interaction may result in noise levels sufficient to cause structural vibration which may lead to pipework failure due to fatigue. The interaction between the vortex shedding and the acoustic wave is that of a self-sustained oscillation. The objective of the paper is to attempt to produce an analytical model of these oscillations starting from first principles. Although the model does require some experimental input much information is obtained concerning the details of the mechanism and factors controlling how it scales with the geometry, flow velocity and other relevant parameters. The model requires three constants to complete its formulation. These three constants describe the source strength at low acoustic amplitudes, the nonlinearity as the amplitude is increased and a delay term that relates the vortex shedding to the local acoustic velocity. It emerges that the nonlinear parameter is the most important for determining the maximum acoustic amplitude.

scholarly journals Health Impact of Occupational Exposure to Noise – A Mixed Method Assessment

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Kennedy A. Osakwe
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Sub Saharan

Introduction: Globally, activities in the oil and gas industry are accomplished with the aid of machinery with the potentials to generate high noise levels above 85 dB(A). A visit to a typical crude oil production facility in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) revealed noise-producing machinery such as generators, compressors, pumps, fluid, and gas flow, to mention but a few. This study assessed the health risks of exposure to noise in an offshore crude oil installation in Nigeria.

scholarly journals NANOTRANSFORMATIONS IN THE BLANKET OF MATERIALS AT THE COMBINED PROCESSING BY UNTIED GRANULES

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Smolentsev ◽  
A.V. Kuzovkin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Processing Zone ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Required Quality

Nanotransformations of a blanket at the fair dimensional combined processing with imposing of electric field the tool in the form of untied metal granules are considered. An object of researches are the figurine details applied in aviation, the missile and space equipment and in the oil and gas industry: driving wheels and a flowing part of cases of turbo-pump units, screws, krylchatka where there are sites of variable curvature with limited access of the tool in a processing zone.It is shown that the combination in the combined process of two-component technological environments of current carrying granules and the electroconductive liquid environment given with a high speed to a processing zone allows to receive the required quality of a blanket; action of electric field from a source with the increased tension allows to create at fair dimensional processingthe required peening from blows of firm granules. It gives the chance to raise a resource and durability of responsible knots of the aerospace equipment and oil and gas equipment, to expand the field of use of the combined processing with untied granules on a detailwith the sitesnot available to processing by a profile electrode.

Pitting and CO2 corrosion behavior of oil and gas pipeline welds

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024
Author(s):  
Huan Xie ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Yongxin Lu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Haitao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Co2 Corrosion ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Remaining Service Life ◽  
Pit Depth

Abstract A finite element (FE) model is presented in this work that is used to analyze the effect of pitting corrosion on the CO2 corrosion behavior of oil and gas pipeline welds. The FE model contains two parts, i. e., stress calculation of the welded joint using Abaqus software, and of the chemical reaction at the welded joint using COMSOL Multiphysics® software. The effect of transportation pressure, pit depth and welding material on the CO2 corrosion behavior of weld metal was investigated using the FE model. It turned out that the FE model is helpful to instruct the management and to assess the remaining service life prediction of pipelines in the oil and gas industry.

High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Motors for the Oil and Gas Industry

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Weeber ◽  
C. Stephens ◽  
J. Vandam ◽  
A. Gravame ◽  
J. Yagielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motors ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Process Gas

Recent years have seen an increase in high-speed electric compression for Oil & Gas applications where high-speed electric motors drive compressors directly without intermediate gears. To date induction machines have been the predominant workhorse of the industry. The permanent-magnet machine technology provides an alternative that promises a highly reliable and robust system design, especially in applications where motor and compressor are fully integrated and share the same process gas environment. This paper provides an update on the recent progress in developing the permanent magnet technology for Oil & Gas applications in which the process gas may contain corrosive elements.

Industrial Trent Development and Application

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Engine Testing

The industrial Trent is the largest aeroderivative gas turbine available, at 50+ MW, and the most efficient gas turbine available to industrial and marine operators, at 42%. Its Dry Low Emissions combustion system embodies the features of the similar combustor on the industrial RB211, which is enjoying very successful service experience. Its design features and derivation from the aero engine are reviewed, together with an assessment of the maintenance aspects of the engine. The current status of the engine validation programme is discussed, covering both component rig testing and progress on the full engine testing being carried out in Montreal, Canada. The applications of the industrial Trent are considered by reviewing the major markets and examining its suitability, both technically and economically, for several existing and emerging sectors. Launched as a power generation machine, the industrial Trent is shown to be well suited to those sectors which have resulted from the growing deregulation of this industry worldwide. In addition it is shown to be attractive for certain applications in the oil and gas industry and, in the marine market, for some large high speed vessel concepts.

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