Traditional Herbal Medicine Candidates as Complementary Treatments for COVID-19: A Review of Their Mechanisms, Pros and Cons

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that belongs to the coronavirus family. The first case was reported in December 2019, and the disease has become a pandemic. Impaired immune regulation is one of the factors that play a role in its pathogenesis and results in poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients. There have been many studies with drug candidates used as antivirals or immunomodulators. However, the results of these investigations showed that the drug candidates were not significantly effective against the disease. Meanwhile, people believe that consuming herbal immunomodulators can prevent or even cure COVID-19. Unfortunately, specific preclinical and clinical trials to evaluate the effects of herbal immunoregulators have not been conducted. Certain natural compounds might be effective for the treatment of COVID-19 based on general concepts from previous experiments. This review discusses some herbal agents extracted from various plants, including Echinacea, Cinchona, Curcuma longa, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza, which are considered for the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, we discuss the pros and cons of utilising herbal medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, draw some conclusions, and make recommendations at the end of the session.

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Simultaneous Quantification of Fourteen Major Compounds in Traditional Herbal Medicine, Samchulgunbitang by HPLC-DAD

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1336552 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (05) ◽

Author(s):

JB Weon ◽

JY Ma ◽

BH Lee ◽

BR Yun ◽

J Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽

Simultaneous Quantification

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Measuring customer-based brand equity in traditional herbal medicine market in Kumasi, Ghana

African Journal of Business and Economic Research ◽

10.31920/1750-4562/2018/v13n3a6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 115-133

Author(s):

Peter Kwasi Oppong ◽

Maxwell A. Phiri

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Brand Equity ◽

Traditional Herbal Medicine

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Herbal Medicine: Clinical Perspective & Regulatory Status

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207323999201110192942 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

Md Abul Barkat ◽

Anjali Goyal ◽

Harshita Abul Barkat ◽

Mohammad Salauddin ◽

Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

New Drugs ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Clinical Perspective ◽

Regulatory Status ◽

Novel Drugs ◽

History Of ◽

Pros And Cons ◽

Health Complications

Abstract:: Herbal medicines pays an important in treating the vaious diseases mainly due to the their potentially high therapeutic values and also due to the better acceptance of vaioruspatient under different health complications. The herbal medicine practice involves use of part of plant, entire plant or the selectctive isolated phytomedicineand the use and practices based on these has its pros and cons and has been greatly affected during the dawn. The search of new drugs during scientific era revives the interest in discovery of herbal drugs from different natural resources during 20th century. The present modern healthcare system invovlves utilization drugs and 50% of them are of ofnaural origin. Herbal drug disocovery found to be highly costly affair with low success rate and it hinders the further progress in utilizting the phytomedicine in treating the various deseases. But in recent years there is an increase in the search interest of herbal drugs mainly by the pharmaceutical industry and those invoves in the search of novel drugs from the herbs. Discovery of such new novel phytomedicines has to overcomes various challenges in indentification of active extracts and their toxicity, advereffects, herb drug interaction and importantly their regulatory requirments. The present review mainly focused on the history of herbal medicine, current clinical perspective, pharmaceutical, and regulatory challenges as well as its clinical presentation. Moreover, problems encountered in drug discovery from herbal resources and its possible solutions are delineated.

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Persian herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review article.

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163817666200611132831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Azimi ◽

Mohammad Javad Zahedi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Herbal Medicine ◽

Functional Dyspepsia ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Asparagus Racemosus ◽

Gastric Accommodation ◽

Cynara Scolymus

Introduction: According to Rome IV, functional dyspepsia is diagnosed with presence of dyspepsia in the absence of organic or metabolic causes. FD caused by several factors such as impaired gastric accommodation and hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Several studies have reported effectiveness of herbal medicine on FD. This article, thus, reviews Persian herbal medicine in FD. Method: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrain, Embase, Web of science and Ovid were searched so as to find clinical articles related to dyspepsia and herbal medicine by July 2019. Our search strategies were traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, herb, plant, and dyspepsia. We excluded all articles except Persian clinical trials. Results: We found 34 clinical trials with 15 herbs and 4 compound herbal remedies like Asparagus racemosus, Brassica oleracea, Cynara scolymus, Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifolia, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperata, Pimpinella anisum, Nigella sativa, Mastic gum, Curcuma longa, Pistatio atlantica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Solanum tuberosum and Zingiber officinale and compound remedies of Rosa damascene & Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum copticom & Apium graveolence, Carum carvi & Mentha pipperata, Gingiber officinalis & Cynara scolymus are effective in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: Many people use herbal and traditional remedies for treatment of disorders such as gastrointestinal disordersو , especially in Asian countries. Several studies reported the efficacy of herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia. Although their mechanisms are not fully understood, it seems they can modulate GI motility and improve symptoms of FD.

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Variation in the Chemical Composition of Five Varieties of Curcuma longa Rhizome Essential Oils Cultivated in North Alabama

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10020212 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 212

Author(s):

William N. Setzer ◽

Lam Duong ◽

Ambika Poudel ◽

Srinivasa Rao Mentreddy

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽

Humid Climate ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Chromatographic Techniques ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Bioactive Agents

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an important spice, particularly is Asian cuisine, and is also used in traditional herbal medicine. Curcuminoids are the main bioactive agents in turmeric, but turmeric essential oils also contain health benefits. Turmeric is a tropical crop and is cultivated in warm humid environments worldwide. The southeastern United States also possesses a warm humid climate with a growing demand for locally sourced herbs and spices. In this study, five different varieties of C. longa were cultivated in north Alabama, the rhizome essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation, and the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The major components in the essential oils were α-phellandrene (3.7–11.8%), 1,8-cineole (2.6–11.7%), α-zingiberene (0.8–12.5%), β-sesquiphellandrene (0.7–8.0%), ar-turmerone (6.8–32.5%), α-turmerone (13.6–31.5%), and β-turmerone (4.8–18.4%). The essential oil yields and chemical profiles of several of the varieties are comparable with those from tropical regions, suggesting that these should be considered for cultivation and commercialization in the southeastern United States.

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