Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy and Anthropometric Parameters in the Offspring at 10 Years: A Community-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Sri Lanka

Background. Studies of developmental origins of health and disease have highlighted the possible role of intrauterine hyperglycaemia, increasing the future risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in the offspring. There is limited evidence from South Asian populations for risk estimates for childhood obesity that are attributable to maternal diabetes in utero. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the association between hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) and anthropometric parameters in the offspring at 10-11 years of age. Methods. A community-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. In the first stage, children born in 2005 were identified, and the availability of antenatal records was assessed. In the second stage, the exposure status of participants was ascertained based on antenatal records and predefined criteria. In the third stage, height, weight, waist circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT) of eligible participants were measured to ascertain the outcome status. Background characteristics were collected by interviewing mothers. A 24-hour dietary recall and a 3-day diet diary were recorded. Results. 159 children of mothers with HIP (exposed) and 253 children of mothers with no HIP (nonexposed) participated. Mean ages (SD) of exposed and unexposed groups were 10.9 (0.3) and 10.8 (0.3) years, respectively. The median BMI (17.6 vs 16.1, p<0.001), waist circumference (63 cm vs 59.3 cm, p<0.001), and triceps skinfold thickness (13.7 mm vs 11.2 mm, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the exposed group. Offspring of women with HIP were more likely to be overweight (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.4–4.9) and have abdominal obesity (aOR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.5) and high TSFT (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.06–4.7) at 10-11 years than children who were not exposed after adjusting for maternal BMI, maternal age at delivery, and birth order. Conclusions. Intrauterine exposure to HIP is a significant determinant of overweight, high TSFT, and abdominal obesity in the offspring.

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Intrauterine exposure to hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and risk of adiposity in the offspring at 10 years of age – A community based retrospective cohort study in Sri Lanka

10.1101/618991 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Himali Herath ◽

Rasika Herath ◽

Rajitha Wickremasinghe

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Skin Fold Thickness ◽

Intrauterine Exposure ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractBackgroundIntrauterine exposure to a hyperglycemic environment can cause long term changes in body composition resulting in increased adiposity and cardio metabolic risk in the offspring. The aim of this study was to determine the association between hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) and risk of adiposity in the offspring at 10-11 years of age.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Colombo district, Sri Lanka. 7205 children who were born in 2005 were identified through schools and Public Health Midwives in the community. Mothers of these children still possessing antenatal records were interviewed and relevant data were extracted from medical records to identify eligible participants. Exposure status (hyperglycaemia in pregnancy) was ascertained based on client held antenatal records. 159 children of mothers with HIP (exposed) and 253 children of mothers with no HIP (non-exposed) were recruited. Height, weight, waist circumference and triceps skin fold thickness (TSFT) of participants were measured to ascertain outcome status.ResultsThe mean ages (SD) of exposed and non-exposed groups were 10.9 (0.3) and 10.8 (0.3) years respectively. The median BMI (17.6 vs 16.1, p<0.001), waist circumference (63cm vs 59.3 cm, p<0.001) and triceps skinfold thickness (13.7mm vs 11.2mm, p< 0.001) were significantly higher in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group.Children who were exposed to intrauterine hyperglycaemia were more likely to be overweight (aOR=2.5, 95% CI 1.3-4.7), have abdominal obesity (aOR=2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.8) and high TSFT > 70th centile (aOR=2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.9) at 10-11 years of age than children who were not exposed after adjusting for maternal BMI, birth weight and birth order.ConclusionsIntrauterine exposure to HIP is associated with significantly higher risk of adiposity in the offspring at 10 years of age.

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Maternal and neonatal outcomes of diabetes in pregnancy in urban women of Sri Lanka : a retrospective cohort study

Sri Lanka Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.4038/sljog.v36i2.7455 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

T R N Fernando

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Urban Women ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽

In Pregnancy

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Treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study in a Brazilian University Hospital

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1016/s0020-7292(00)84600-7 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. D127-D127

Author(s):

R.P.S. Camareo ◽

J.A. Simoes ◽

J.G. Cecatti

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

University Hospital ◽

In Pregnancy

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379: Outcomes from chronic hypertension in pregnancy by gestational age: a retrospective cohort study

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.412 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 210 (1) ◽

pp. S192

Author(s):

Teresa Worstell ◽

Margaret Gorman ◽

Aaron Caughey

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Chronic Hypertension ◽

Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

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Pertussis Immunisation in Pregnancy Safety (PIPS) Study: A retrospective cohort study of safety outcomes in pregnant women vaccinated with Tdap vaccine

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (34) ◽

pp. 5173-5179 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jennifer B. Griffin ◽

Lennex Yu ◽

Donna Watson ◽

Nikki Turner ◽

Tony Walls ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Safety Outcomes ◽

Tdap Vaccine ◽

In Pregnancy

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Malaria and intestinal parasite co-infection and its association with anaemia among people living with HIV in Buea, Southwest Cameroon: A community-based retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245743 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245743

Author(s):

Sorelle Mekachie Sandie ◽

Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele ◽

Martin Mih Tasah ◽

Helen Kuokuo Kimbi

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Significant Risk ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Viral Load Suppression ◽

Community Based ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Negative

Background Both malaria and intestinal parasites are endemic in Cameroon, and their co-infection can be of great impact on anaemia among people living with HIV (PLWH). This community-based retrospective cohort study determined the prevalence and association of infections with anaemia in PLWH and HIV-negative individuals in Buea, Cameroon from March to August 2019. Methods The study population comprised of 190 PLWH and 216 consenting HIV-negative individuals from the Buea community. Participants were examined clinically, the collected blood sample was used for malaria parasite (MP) detection, HIV diagnosis and haemoglobin (Hb) measurement while stool samples were examined for the detection of intestinal parasites (IPs). Proportions were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test and association of anaemia with independent variables was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results Out of the 406 participants, MP, IPs and MP/IP co-infection prevalences were 15.5%, 13.0% and 3.0% respectively. PLWH had a higher prevalence of MP (16.3%, P = 0.17), IPs (23.7%, P ˂ 0.001) and MP/IPs co-infection (3.7%, P = 0.04) when compared with HIV-negative participants. Similarly, PLWH had significantly lower mean haemoglobin value (11.10 ± 1.54 g/dL) than their HIV-negative counterparts (12.45 ± 2.06 g/dL). Also, PLWH co-infected with MP and IPs were observed to have a significantly lower mean haemoglobin value (10.6 ± 1.21 g/dL). PLWH had a significantly (P ˂ 0.001) higher prevalence of mild (56.8%), moderate (18.4%) and severe (1.6%) anaemia when compared with HIV-negative counterparts. The significant risk factors associated with anaemia included being febrile (P = 0.03), MP-infected only (P = 0.001), HIV-infected only (P < 0.001), having dual (P < 0.001) or triple-infections (P = 0.03). Conclusion Malaria and intestinal parasites remain public health concerns among PLWH and anaemia as a serious haematological abnormality gets exacerbated even with the viral load suppression. Hence, routine medical check-ups among PLWH are recommended.

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