scholarly journals Floristic Diversity and Natural Regeneration Status of Entoto Mountain and the Surrounding Area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ergua Atinafe ◽  
Ephrem Assefa ◽  
Birhanu Belay ◽  
Yemenzwork Endale ◽  
Talemos Seta
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Large Trees

The study was carried out at Entoto Mountain and its surrounding area, about 10 km north of the center of Addis Ababa. The purpose of this study was to assess the floristic composition and regeneration status of woody species and recommend further conservation methods. Ten transect lines were laid from south-north at 1 km interval. Along these transect lines, 62 sample plots of 400 m2 (20 m × 20 m) were laid at 1 km interval. A total of 179 plant species belonging to 107 genera and 60 families were recorded. Asteraceae (30 species) was the most dominant family. Of 179 plant species, 73 were naturally regenerated woody species representing 48 genera and 34 families. Herbs account for the largest growth form (91, 50.84%), indicating the fact that disturbance favors herb species. For the analysis of vegetation diversity, woody species composition, and density, the study area was classified into five land-use types. Of the five land-use types, degraded land-use type had low species diversity and evenness (1.48 and 0.295), and it had a low density of economically and ecologically important larger trees. However, the density of seedlings and saplings showed the normal regeneration status for the herbs and shrubs. Therefore, responsible stakeholders should give high priority for the conservation of ecologically and economically important large trees using appropriate conservation methods in the study area.

scholarly journals COMPARISON ON VEGETATION COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF EXCLOSURES VS. OPEN GRAZING LANDS IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 70-99
Author(s):  
Samson Shimelse Jemaneh
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Grazing Lands

This study was conducted with the objectives of study investigates, compare, and try to describe the floristic composition and structure of the vegetation of exclosures and open grazing lands. A stratified preferential sampling design technique with flexible systematic model was used for data collection. Data on vegetation and environmental parameters were gathered from 120 quadrants (90 from restorations or exclosures of different ages and 30 from adjacent open grazing lands), of 20 m x 20 m (400 m2) size. Species richness and the presence or absence of herbaceous plants were recorded like soil samples in a 2 m x 2 m (4 m2) subplot inside each main quadrant from five points, one at each corner and one at the center.  A total of 142 plant species belonging to 118 genera and 52 families were identified. All exclosures displayed higher plant species richness, diversity, and aboveground standing biomass compared to the adjacent open grazing lands. Consideration of edaphic (e.g. soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, CEC, exchangeable bases, soil pH and soil texture) and site (e.g. Stoniness, Grazing) variables will help to optimize the selection of areas for the establishment of future exclosures. Moreover, our study suggests that with time exclosures may increasingly obtain an important role as refugees and species pool similar to church forests and should be protected and managed in a sustainable manner. However, economic and social impacts of exclosures should be included in feasibility studies before establishing exclosures in the future.  Altitude, Grazing and some soil parameters like Mg were the major environmental factors in the division of the vegetation into plant community types. The result of the frequency distribution of woody species showed a high proportion of small-sized individuals in the lower diameter classes indicating good recruitment potential of the forest patches and the rare occurrence of large individuals. Such trend was probably caused by past disturbance of the original vegetation resulting in a succession of secondary vegetation. In addition, the analysis of species population structure indicated that some tree species had abnormal population structure with no or few individuals at lower size classes. Moreover, assessment of regeneration status on the basis of age classes indicated that significant proportion of woody species were represented by few or no seedlings, entailing that they were under threat. Substantial numbers of forest species were found to have irregular population structure and are in reduced regeneration status. To prevent local extinction of these species, present efforts of nursery establishment and plantation of indigenous species in the exclosures should be strengthened and extended.

scholarly journals Effect of exclosure on dryland woody species restoration in northeastern Amhara, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubarek Eshetie ◽  
Tsegaye Gobezie ◽  
Seid Muhie Dawd
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Woody Species Diversity

AbstractIn Ethiopia, among many restoration efforts to reverse deforestation and land degradation, area exclosure is one of the most common practices to restore secondary forests with assisted natural regeneration. The present study in the Sekota district, northeastern Amhara region, Ethiopia evaluated the influence of areas exclosures on woody species diversity, population structure and regeneration status. A total of 36 and 27 quadrats, each 20 m × 20 m, were used to collect data in exclosures and non-exclosures, respectively. Within quadrats, four 5 m × 5 m and 2 m × 2 m quadrats at the corners were used to sample saplings and seedlings, respectively. In exclosures, 35 woody species representing 21 families and 29 genera were recorded; 19 woody species representing 13 families and 13 genera were recorded in the non-exclosure. Acacia etbaica was the most dominant species in the two land-uses. The Shannon diversity index was 1.77 ± 0.46 in exclosures and 1.39 ± 0.46 in non-exclosures. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices showed a significant difference between the two land-uses (p < 0.01). The regeneration status of all wood species in exclosures was good, only fair in non-exclosures. Area exclosures have thus played a great role in the restoration of degraded lands by improving vegetation diversity and regeneration status. The least dominant woody species should be maintained through active restoration. Continuous follow-up, maintenance of soil water conservation structure to improve soil fertility will further help enhance the woody species diversity and abundance.

scholarly journals Effect of land-use types on edaphic properties and plant species diversity in Mediterranean agroecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 3676-3690
Author(s):  
Vassilios Triantafyllidis ◽  
Anastasios Zotos ◽  
Chariklia Kosma ◽  
Efthimios Kokkotos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Edaphic Properties

scholarly journals Woody Species Diversity, Vegetation Structure, and Regeneration Status of the Moist Afromontane Forest of Agama in Southwestern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abyot Dibaba ◽  
Teshome Soromessa ◽  
Alemayehu Kefalew ◽  
Admassu Addi
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Woody Plant Species ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia

This study was conducted in Agama Forest in Kafa Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia, to assess species diversity, vegetation structure, and regeneration status of woody species. A systematic sampling technique was employed to collect vegetation data. Sixty (60) sample plots of 25 m × 25 m were laid at 300 m intervals all along ten grids interspaced 800 m apart. Sample plots of 25 m × 25 m were used to record DBH and H of all woody plant species reaching a DBH >2.5 cm and height >2 m. For the inventory of seedling and sapling, two subplots of 2 m × 5 m were used at the beginning and the end of the baseline on opposite sides of the main quadrat. Vegetation data such as DBH, height, seedling, and sapling density of woody species were recorded in each plot. Altogether, 72 woody plant species of 65 genera and 35 families were identified. Analysis of selected tree species showed diverse population structures. This study showed that small trees and shrubs dominated the Agama Forest, which revealed its status under a secondary regeneration stage. Study on the structure and regeneration of some woody species indicated that there are species that require urgent conservation measures. Sound management and monitoring, as well as maintenance of biodiversity and cultural and economic values of the forest, require conservation activities that encourage sustainable uses of the forest and its products.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of watershed land use on Kebena river water quality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalkidan Asnake ◽  
Hailu Worku ◽  
Mekuria Argaw
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Water ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Watershed Land Use ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of watershed land-use on surface water quality is one of the under researched areas in mega cities of the developing countries like Addis Ababa. The study examined the impact of watershed land uses on the Kebena river water quality within its seasonal and spatial variation and assessed the relationship between river water pollution and dominant land-use types in the sub-watersheds. Method The main land use types in the sub-watersheds were digitized from aerial photograph of 2016, and quantified for water quality impact analysis. Water samples were collected from the main Kebena river and the three sub-watersheds source and outlet points. A total of 128 samples were collected during the dry and wet seasons of 2016 and 2017 and analyzed for various water quality parameters. The study employed ANOVA, independent t-tests and multiple regression analysis to examine variations in water quality and assess the influence of the different land uses on water quality. Results Forest, built-up area and cultivated lands are the three major land use types in the Kebena watershed accounting for 39.14, 32.51 and 27.25% of the total area, respectively. Kebena catchment is drained by three sub-watersheds namely, Denkaka (44.9% cultivated land), Little-Kebena (60.87% forested) and Ginfle (90.44% urban land). The concentration of pollutants in the Kebena river was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the dry season than in the wet season. However, when compared to surface water quality standards, both the dry and wet season water quality records are exceptionally high. The urban and forest dominated sub-watersheds contribute significantly high amount of (P < 0.001) pollutant loads to the river which is associated with high runoff from impervious surfaces and sewerage discharge to the river from nearby urban settlements. Conclusion Integrating watershed planning with land use planning is of paramount importance to address water quality problems in urban areas. Thus, in the urban dominated sub-catchment, land-use planning should aim to relocating river front communities, providing sufficient river buffer-zones and forwarding appropriate storm water management schemes. In the forested sub-catchment, planning should protect, retain and enhance the existing natural green spaces through open space planning, and management schemes while providing wide river-buffer with natural vegetation cover to minimize pollution load to urban rivers from agriculture dominated sub-watershed.

Woody species diversity and carbon stock under different land use types at Gergera watershed in eastern Tigray, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 1191-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrha Brhan Gebre ◽  
Emiru Birhane ◽  
Girmay Gebresamuel ◽  
Kiros Meles Hadgu ◽  
Lindsey Norgrove
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Woody Species Diversity

scholarly journals Diversity of Indigenous Woody Species in Small Holder Farm Lands: Comparison across Different Agroecology and Land Use Types in Chilga and Dabat District, Northern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagm Fikir Abate ◽  
Mekuannint Tebikew ◽  
Yohannis Gebremariam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Different Parts

Ethiopia is known for its massive expansion of plantations and woodlots, that are mainly of monocultures of the exotic tree species, Eucalyptus, which has still remained the pre-dominant tree components of plantations as well as farming systems in different parts of Ethiopian highlands, including the highlands in North Gondar. However, the status of indigenous/native tree species in these areas has become very limited, and is considered at risk. The current study was conducted in Chiliga and Dabat districts of North Gondar zone; it assessed (i) indigenous woody species diversity of farmlands in different agro-ecologies and farm land use categories, (ii) management and conservation practices carried out by farmers, and (iii) major constraints for enhancing on-farm integration of indigenous woody species. Primary data was obtained using such methods as, formal household survey, group discussion, observation and woody species inventory in two villages selected randomly from highland and mid highland for Dabat, and mid land and lowland for Chiliga district. A complete census of all woody individuals was conducted on all plots/parcels of 80 households. A total of 35 species were encountered in the farm lands of the studied area. Six of the total species was exotic, and constitute about 85% of the total abundance. The number of woody species per household increased with decreased agroecological gradient, and the largest value of stem number was found at the highland, followed by at mid highland, whereas least stem number was found in the lowland site. Likewise, the study found that homegardens host more diverse indigenous species than other land use types. Even though farm lands in the study areas were home to different indigenous woody species higher in number than exotic species, it was possible to confirm the already reported evidence that revealed exotic species have been remaining the pre-dominant tree components of the agricultural landscapes in different parts of Ethiopian highlands. However, the fact that remnant native tree individuals are currently growing with in the agricultural landscapes is an indication of the opportunity for integrating and managing native tree species through Agroforestry systems. The study concludes that there is a considerable possibilities of native and indigenous species to exist as an integral component of agricultural land use systems in Northern highlands where Eucalyptus expansion has remained the main focus of research and extension efforts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document