scholarly journals Physarum-Inspired Autonomous Optimized Routing Protocol for Coal Mine MANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Haifeng Jiang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Liu ◽  
Shuo Xiao ◽  
Chaogang Tang ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Load ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Better Than

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is suitable for complex environment communication in coal mine. The processes of nutrient flux transfer and path choice in Physarum networks are similar to data transmission and routing decision in MANET. In this paper, we use a Physarum optimization model to design Physarum-inspired autonomous optimized routing (PIAOR) protocol to adapt to the dynamic network topology in underground mine. PIAOR introduces the status of MANET into the Poisson equation in the Physarum model, selects reasonable parameters to represent the transmission performance of the network, and uses the differential evolution equation of the Physarum model to evolve the parameters. PIAOR has achieved the distributed routing decision by automatically reconstructing the optimal routing path, which has reduced the algorithm complexity. Based on NS2, simulation experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of PIAOR, and the results are compared with GPSR, PIMAR, and P-IRP routing algorithms. The experimental results show that the routing path selected by PIAOR is better than that selected by the other three protocols in the performance of average end-to-end delay, delivery ratio, and throughput. The balance of energy consumption and network load is reached, and the network lifetime is effectively prolonged when using the PIAOR protocol.

Performance Analysis of AODV Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 2415-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Ming Ding ◽  
Chang Hong Sun ◽  
Lin Song ◽  
Wan Qi Kong
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Aodv Protocol ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Aodv Routing Protocol ◽  
Better Than

Simulation environment of the mobile Ad Hoc network is built by applying NS2 simulation software. The simulation data indicates that AODV routing protocol is better than DSDV in throughput, fairness and stability. In the underwater network environment where the nodes are in Low-Speed movement, the data transfer rate of AODV routing protocol is higher than AOMDV. To a certain extent, AODV is more suitable for application in underwater environments.

scholarly journals Securing cluster based routing against cooperative black hole attack in mobile ad hoc network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.9) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandi Selvam Raman ◽  
Shankar K ◽  
Ilayaraja M
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Black Hole Attack ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Cluster Based Routing

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are wireless infrastructure-less network consisting collection of autonomous nodes that communicate with each other in decentralized manner. Security remains major challenge due to its some unique characteristics like open medium, mobility and hence topology changes. Therefore, routing protocol for MANETs is much vulnerable to attacks. Black Hole is a type of attack, where malicious node falsely advertises itself having the shortest or optimal path to the destination node. This attack is more dangerous while a group of nodes are cooperating with each other.The objective of this paper is to design cluster based routing protocol and prevent it from the black hole attack. The simulation results show improvement in packet delivery ratio and control overhead.

scholarly journals Confidence-based Security System for Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2212-2218
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure-less network of wireless nodes. The network topology may change quickly with respect to time, due to node mobility. The network is a disintegrated network, activities such as delivering messages by determining the topology essential to be implemented by the nodes themselves i.e., the routing activity will be unified into mobile nodes. Due to the lack of centralized administration in multihop routing and open environment, MANET’s are susceptible to attacks by compromised nodes; hence, to provide security also energy efficiency is a crucial issue. So as to decrease the hazards of malicious nodes and resolve energy consumption issues, a simple confidence-based protocol is built to evaluate neighbor’s behaviour using forwarding factors. The reactive Ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing protocol (AOMDV), is extended and confidence-based Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (CBAOMDV) protocol, is implemented for MANET. This implemented protocol is able to find multiple routes in one route discovery. These routes are calculated by confidence values and hop counts. From there, the shortest path is selected which fulfills the requirements of data packets for reliability on confidence. Several experimentations have been directed to relate AOMDV and CBAOMDV protocols and the outcomes show that CBAOMDV advances throughput, packet delivery ratio, normalized routing load, and average energy consumption.

scholarly journals Modified Energy Efficient with ACO Routing Protocol for MANET

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1739-1745
Author(s):  
Uppalapati Srilakshmi, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Optimum Path ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
The Military

Due to the specific design of the network upon the requirements of the demands as well as the situation at which the setting up of a physical network is impossible, a significant role is played by mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) in the applications of military. Various critical tasks like robust & dynamic military workstations, devices as well as smaller sub-networks within the battle field are handled by the presented network type controls the infrastructure less communication. A highly demand of the efficient routing protocol’s design is existing which ensures safety as well as reliability to transmit the extremely vulnerable as well as the secret military data within the defense networks. The designing of an energy efficient layer routing protocol within the network on behalf of the military applications is done in this method and the simulation is done with the help of a novel cross layer approach of design for increasing the reliability as well as the lifetime of the network. However, the optimum path selection is not allowed by PDO-AODV technique. Therefore, a novel ACO-DAEE (Ant colony optimization with delay aware energy efficient) to select an optimum path as well as to mitigate the delay time within the network system is proposed. Maintaining the optimum paths within the network while transmitting the data effectively is the major objective. With respect to packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, and throughput, it is indicated by the simulation outputs that the performance of ACO-ADEE is quite good. The efficiency of this technique is verified in the simulation outcomes using NS2 software.

The New Mechanism to Detect and Prevent BlackHole Attacks on AODV-Based MANET

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 547-550
Author(s):  
Sery Vuth Tan ◽  
Minh Yuk Choi ◽  
Kee Cheon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Aodv Protocol ◽  
Blackhole Attack ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless network without any infrastructures. The network is weak and vulnerable to many types of attacks. One of these attacks is BlackHole. In this attack, a malicious node advertises itself as having a high sequence number and a shortest path to a specific node to absorb packets. The effect of BlackHole attack on ad-hoc network using AODV as a routing protocol will be examined in this research. We also propose a new mechanism, called DPBA-AODV, to detect and prevent BlackHole attacks on AODV protocol. Simulation result, by using NS2, depicts the efficiency of our proposed mechanism in packet delivery ratio under the presence of BlackHole nodes.

scholarly journals Modified Fidelity Based On-Demand Secure (MFBOD) Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himadri Nath Saha ◽  
Rohit Singh ◽  
Debika Bhattacharyya ◽  
P.K. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Demand Routing ◽  
Better Than

Abstract With advent of technology MANET is becoming more and more ubiquitous, and so is the vulnerability of such networks to attacks. In this paper, we propose a secure, lightweight, on-demand routing protocol for MANETs. It uses the concept of fidelity to allocate trust to a neighbor, thereby taking the decision whether to send data via that neighbor or not. To combat attacks efficiently new packets like report and recommendation are used. After receiving a few of these packets a node can conclude about the behavior of a node, thereby identifying and blacklisting the malicious nodes. We try to impose bounds for the fidelity with reference to the battery of the node, which restricts a node to increase its fidelity to infinity and become dominant in the network. This protocol not only finds a secure route to transmit data, but also identifies the malicious nodes in the network. Our protocol exhibits high packet delivery fraction, with low normalized routing load and low end to end delay; which has been observed while simulating in GloMoSim platform. We have observed that our protocol performs not only better than other existing secure routing protocol in a malicious environment, but also combats, many attacks which have not been dealt with these protocols.

scholarly journals Development of Modify Random Waypoint Mobility Model of Routing Protocol for the Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Vyas ◽  
Margam Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Random Waypoint Model ◽  
Random Waypoint

Mobility models are used to evaluated the network protocols of the ad hoc network using the simulation. The random waypoint model is a model for mobility which is usually used for performance evaluation of ad-hoc mobile network. Mobile nodes have the dynamic mobility in the ad hoc network so the mobility model plays an important role to evaluate the protocol performance.In this article, we developed modify random waypoint mobility (MRWM) model based on random waypoint for the mobile ad hoc network. In this article, the comparative analysis of modifying random waypoint mobility and random waypoint model on the ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol has been done for large wireless ad hoc network (100 nodes) with the random mobile environment for the 1800s simulation time. To enhance the confidence on the protocol widespread simulations were accomplished under heavy traffic (i.e. 80 nodes) condition. The proposed model protocol has been investigated with the performance metrics: throughput; packet delivery ratio; packet dropping ratio; the end to end delay and normalized routing overhead. The obtained results revealed that proposed modify random waypoint mobility model reduces the mobility as compared to the random waypoint mobility model and it is trace is more realist.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of AODV Routing Protocol Under Blackhole Attack With Sink Shifting

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Marumo R. Okaile ◽  
Adedeji O. Sangodoyin ◽  
Ramajalwa P. Emma P. Ramajalwa ◽  
Moile Tshepo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

Routing protocol selection are the primary ways to design any wireless network. In Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), the chosen protocol ought to be the best in terms information delivery and data integrity. Hence, the performance analysis of the protocol is the major step before choosing a specific protocol. In this paper, the performance analysis is applied to Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector protocol using Network Simulator2. Packet delivery ratio and energy are the two common measures used for the comparison of the performance of above protocol.

scholarly journals Packet Delivery Ratio and Overhead Reduction for À-GPS Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Now a day’s mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is engaged by numerous scientists and endeavoring to be conveyed by and by. To accomplish this objective, these two components are a significant issue that we need to consider. The first is "overhead". As it were, messages that is not important to be sent when setting up a system association between versatile hubs. The following issue is the parcel sending rate from source to the goal hub that sufficiently high to ensure a successful system association. This paper is concentrating on improving the exhibition of the Location-Aided Routing Protocol (LAR) regarding overhead decrease by adjusting the calculation of the MANET course disclosure process. The consequence of the reproduction shows that the proposed convention can decrease overhead definitely, growing system lifetime and increment parcel sending rate while contrasting and other traditional conventions.

scholarly journals Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Network - A Survey and Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Rahul M Desai ◽  
B P Patil ◽  
Davinder Pal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Demand Routing

<p class="Default">Ad hoc networks are mobile wireless networks where each node is acting as a router. The existing routing protocols such as Destination sequences distance vector, Optimized list state routing protocols, Ad hoc on demand routing protocol, Ad hoc on demand multipath routing protocol, Dynamic source routing are optimized versions of distance vector or link state routing protocols.  In this paper, existing protocols such as DSDV, AODV, AOMDV, OLSR and DSR are analyzed on 50 nodes Mobile Ad Hoc network with random mobility. Packet delivery ratio, delay, control overhead and throughput parameters are used for performance analysis.</p>

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