scholarly journals Plant Regeneration through Callus Cultures from Leaf Explant of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Isnaini Nurwahyuni ◽  
Manihar Situmorang ◽  
Riyanto Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Nontimber Forest Products ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Propagation Technique ◽  
Good Quality Seed ◽  
Selection Of

Micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin is potential to provide good-quality seed for future preservation of the forest and improve the incense sap production. The production of Styrax plants is currently limited by the availability of seed. This research demonstrated the micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin Dryander), producing good-quality saplings that could be used for obtaining nontimber forest products. Elite mother plant was selected and used as a source of explants. Identification of healthy trees was carried out based on the phenotype criteria, and the selection of a mother plant was performed through information on the quality and quantity production of incense sap. Micropropagation started from callus induction in young leaves followed by subculture to obtain regeneration of shoots and roots. The combination of NAA and BAP in the culture media greatly affected the growth and development of callus, shoots, and roots. The use of 3 mg/L NAA and 3 mg/L NAA rendered the heaviest calli. Shoots were regenerated with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BAP, and the highest growth of roots was obtained by using of 3.0 mg/ NAA without BAP. This research reports the first in vitro propagation technique for Styrax benzoin. Further research is underway to obtain very good-quality plant saplings to be used for forest conservation and to increase the production of incense sap as a nontimber forest commodity.

scholarly journals Testing Methods Affecting the Antagonistic Ability of  Pseudomonas Biocontrol Strains

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Jevcsák ◽  
Bálint Oldal ◽  
L. Ködöböcz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Selection Of

The antagonistic effect of thirteen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and thirteen strains of other Pseudomonas species was studied on the soil-borne phytopathogenic Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani fungi.  The inhibition of pathogen colony growth was tested with two different in vitro techniques using the same type of culture media. In case of the spread slant technique the antagonists induced a significantly stronger inhibition on the growth of pathogens than in case of spot transfer. Among the 26 investigated Pseudomonas strains, P. aeruginosa strains were generally more effective against the fungal pathogens. Rhizoctonia solani proved to be affected to a greater extent by the bacterial strains studied than the Fusarium solani representative. The possibility of in vitro strain selection of biocontrol microbes is being further discussed .

scholarly journals Producing Planting Material of Rubus arcticus L. by Clonal Micropropagation

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Makarov ◽  
◽  
Galina V. Tyak ◽  
Anton I. Chudetsky ◽  
Irina B. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nontimber Forest Products ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material

The article presents the results of experimental studies on various propagation methods of the Arctic bramble in the Kostroma region. Industrial cultivation of forest berry plantations is a possible effective solution to the problem of low profitability of using nontimber forest products, reduction of the wild berries resources and their productivity and quality, and reclamation of cutover peatlands. It is advisable to use high-yield varietal planting material to create such plantations. Special attention is paid to propagation and production of healthy planting material using culture of plant cells and tissues. Data on sterilization of explants when introduced in vitro are given. The highest efficiency of sterilization was observed when using a chlorine-free eco-sterilizer (the plant survival rate on the MS nutrient medium was 90–93 %). The effect analysis of the passage number of regenerated plants on the multiplication factor of the Arctic bramble varieties was carried out. The optimal concentrations of cytokinins at the stage of micropropagation are shown. The largest number of the Arctic bramble roots was observed when adding 1.0 mg/L of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.5 mg/L of Ecogel to the nutrient medium. The technological and agrotechnical operations performed during the cultivation of planting material of forest berry plantations are considered. Data on the coefficients of vegetative propagation of plants and their resistance to diseases, yielding capacity, and recultivation of cutover peatlands are given. The best planting material of the Arctic bramble are ball-rooted seedlings. Sawdust and sphagnum were used in the cultivation of this berry on the peatland. The economic efficiency of its cultivation with the method of clonal micropropagation was 358.2 %. For citation: Makarov S.S., Tyak G.V., Kuznetsova I.B., Chudetsky A.I., Tsaregradskaya S.Yu. Producing Planting Material of Rubus arcticus L. by Clonal Micropropagation. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 89–99. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-89-99

scholarly journals A Comparison between Synthetic and Organic Iron Chelators on in Vitro Growth of Nicotiana tabacum Callus Cultures

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 630g-631
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Berg ◽  
Henry R. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Iron Chelate ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
The Media

Nicotiana tabacum callus growth (fresh weight) was measured after culture in the light (16-hour photoperiod) or in darkness for four different culture media, differing in iron chelate type or concentration. All media contained MS basal medium supplemented with 30 g·L–1 sucrose, 2 mg·L–1 IAA, 0.2 mg·L–1 KIN, and 7 g·L–1 agar, pH 5.8. Three of the media contained iron-metalosate (Albion Laboratories), an organic iron chelate, at 100, 200, and 400 micromolar concentrations, and the fourth medium contained 100 μm Fe-EDTA. Twenty-five culture tubes were prepared for each of the 4 different media concentrations and 2 light treatments (8 treatments total). A 1-cm3 callus explant was used for each treatment and cultured for 56 days at 20°C. About 20-fold increases in callus fresh weight were observed for cultures incubated in light or in darkness. In addition, callus growth was not significantly affected by iron chelate type, suggesting the potential utility of this organic chelator in tissue culture media to alleviate potential problems of light-induced EDTA instability and subsequent IAA inactivation. These cultures are being maintained to examine the influence of iron chelate type on organogenesis.

In vitro selection of glyphosate-tolerant variants from long-term callus cultures of Zoysia matrella [L.] Merr

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Chen ◽  
Mingliang Chai ◽  
Yufang Jia ◽  
Zhongshan Gao ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Zoysia Matrella ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals In vitro selection of birch for tolerance to salinity stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012082
Author(s):  
O S Mashkina ◽  
T M Tabatskaya ◽  
O M Korchagin
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In vitro modelling of stress is one of the promising avenues for plant breeding for tolerance to negative environmental factors. In this study we examined the effect of NaCl (0.5%) on callusogenesis and morphogenesis of stem explants of different birch genotypes: Betula pendula Roth, B. pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti, B. pendula f. ‘dalecarlica’ (L.f.) Schneid., B. pubescens Ehrh. In our experiments we used pre-selected microclones from our in vitro collection on NaCl (0.2-1.0%) selective media. The clones were contrasted by the degree of their sensitivity to salinity (so-called ‘stable’ and ‘sensitive’ microclones). With the use of stem callus cultures we identified informative, simple and reproducible indicators for the selection of salt-tolerant genotypes. Among these indicators were the frequency of callus formation and the viability of callus cultures, which were significantly higher in ‘stable’ group of microclones. Polyploid birch clones (2n=4x=56, 2n=3x=42) were more resistant to salination compared to diploid clones (2n=28). Our study has shown that the selection of salt-tolerant birch lines can be based on the plants’ genetic diversity presented in the collection (various species, varieties, hybrids, polyploids) and manifested in the process of in vitro cultivation, as well as in the cellular heterogeneity of callus cultures.

scholarly journals In vitro Production of Porcine Embryos: Current Status and Possibilities – A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-796
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Poniedziałek-Kempny
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Current Status ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis paper presents the current possibilities, state of knowledge and prospects of in vitro production (IVP) of pig embryos, which consists of in vitro oocyte maturation, in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo culture. In pigs, oocyte maturation is one of the most important stages in the embryo IVP process. It determines the oocyte’s fertilization ability as well as its embryonic development. Through many research studies of the proper selection of oocytes and appropriate maturation medium composition (especially the addition of various supplements), the in vitro maturation of pig oocytes has been significantly improved. Recent studies have demonstrated that modifications of the diluents and in vitro fertilization media can reduce polyspermy. Furthermore, several adjustments of the porcine culture media with the addition of some supplements have enhanced the embryo quality and developmental competence. These updates show the progress of IVP in pigs that has been achieved; however, many problems remain unsolved.

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