scholarly journals Mobile Robot Obstacle Avoidance Based on Neural Network with a Standardization Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Karoline Kamil A. Farag ◽  
Hussein Hamdy Shehata ◽  
Hesham M. El-Batsh
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Unknown Environment ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Recognition Learning ◽  
Standardization Technique

Reactive algorithm in an unknown environment is very useful to deal with dynamic obstacles that may change unexpectantly and quickly because the workspace is dynamic in real-life applications, and this work is focusing on the dynamic and unknown environment by online updating data in each step toward a specific goal; sensing and avoiding the obstacles coming across its way toward the target by training to take the corrective action for every possible offset is one of the most challenging problems in the field of robotics. This problem is solved by proposing an Artificial Intelligence System (AIS), which works on the behaviour of Intelligent Autonomous Vehicles (IAVs) like humans in recognition, learning, decision making, and action. First, the use of the AIS and some navigation methods based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to training datasets provided high Mean Square Error (MSE) from training on MATLAB Simulink tool. Standardization techniques were used to improve the performance of results from the training network on MATLAB Simulink. When it comes to knowledge-based systems, ANNs can be well adapted in an appropriate form. The adaption is related to the learning capacity since the network can consider and respond to new constraints and data related to the external environment.

scholarly journals Autonomous Navigation of a Team of Unmanned Surface Vehicles for Intercepting Intruders on a Region Boundary

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Ali Marzoughi ◽  
Andrey V. Savkin
Keyword(s):  
Motion Control ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Unmanned Surface Vehicles ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
See Region

We study problems of intercepting single and multiple invasive intruders on a boundary of a planar region by employing a team of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles. First, the problem of intercepting a single intruder has been studied and then the proposed strategy has been applied to intercepting multiple intruders on the region boundary. Based on the proposed decentralised motion control algorithm and decision making strategy, each autonomous vehicle intercepts any intruder, which tends to leave the region by detecting the most vulnerable point of the boundary. An efficient and simple mathematical rules based control algorithm for navigating the autonomous vehicles on the boundary of the see region is developed. The proposed algorithm is computationally simple and easily implementable in real life intruder interception applications. In this paper, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a real-time solution to the considered problem of intruder interception. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by computer simulations with both single and multiple intruders.

scholarly journals Modeling of a Real-Life Industrial Reactor for Hydrogenation of Benzene Process

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Mirosław K. Szukiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Kaczmarski
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Reactor Operation ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
High Scale ◽  
Industrial Reactor ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Insight Into

A dynamic model of the hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane reaction in a real-life industrial reactor is elaborated. Transformations of the model leading to satisfactory results are presented and discussed. Operating conditions accepted in the simulations are identical to those observed in the chemical plant. Under those conditions, some components of the reaction mixture vanish, and the diffusion coefficients of the components vary along the reactor (they are strongly concentration-dependent). We came up with a final reactor model predicting with reasonable accuracy the reaction mixture’s outlet composition and temperature profile throughout the process. Additionally, the model enables the anticipation of catalyst activity and the remaining deactivated catalyst lifetime. Conclusions concerning reactor operation conditions resulting from the simulations are presented as well. Since the model provides deep insight into the process of simulating, it allows us to make knowledge-based decisions. It should be pointed out that improvements in the process run, related to operating conditions, or catalyst application, or both on account of the high scale of the process and its expected growth, will remarkably influence both the profits and environmental protection.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of Object Detection methods: A Survey

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Object Motion ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Illumination Variation ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
To Come ◽  
Point Detection

Object detection (OD) within a video is one of the relevant and critical research areas in the computer vision field. Due to the widespread of Artificial Intelligence, the basic principle in real life nowadays and its exponential growth predicted in the epochs to come, it will transmute the public. Object Detection has been extensively implemented in several areas, including human-machine Interaction, autonomous vehicles, security with video surveillance, and various fields that will be mentioned further. However, this augmentation of OD tackles different challenges such as occlusion, illumination variation, object motion, without ignoring the real-time aspect that can be quite problematic. This paper also includes some methods of application to take into account these issues. These techniques are divided into five subcategories: Point Detection, segmentation, supervised classifier, optical flow, a background modeling. This survey decorticates various methods and techniques used in object detection, as well as application domains and the problems faced. Our study discusses the cruciality of deep learning algorithms and their efficiency on future improvement in object detection topics within video sequences.

A Biologically Inspired Autonomous Robot Control Based on Behavioural Coordination in Evolutionary Robotics

2011 ◽  
pp. 107-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Fernández-León ◽  
Gerardo G. Acosta ◽  
Miguel A. Mayosky ◽  
Oscar C. Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Trajectory Generation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Evolutionary Robotics ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Path Planner ◽  
And Control

This work is intended to give an overview of technologies, developed from an artificial intelligence standpoint, devised to face the different planning and control problems involved in trajectory generation for mobile robots. The purpose of this analysis is to give a current context to present the Evolutionary Robotics approach to the problem, which is now being considered as a feasible methodology to develop mobile robots for solving real life problems. This chapter also show the authors’ experiences on related case studies, which are briefly described (a fuzzy logic based path planner for a terrestrial mobile robot, and a knowledge-based system for desired trajectory generation in the Geosub underwater autonomous vehicle). The development of different behaviours within a path generator, built with Evolutionary Robotics concepts, is tested in a Khepera© robot and analyzed in detail. Finally, behaviour coordination based on the artificial immune system metaphor is evaluated for the same application.

Business Management Education in Reality

2016 ◽  
pp. 1670-1686
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Academic Information ◽  
Education Administrators

In this chapter, the perception of the quality of business education of different stakeholders in business education is discussed using some real-life stories and opinions. In general, students, professors, business education administrators, and employers look happy with the current business education programs and services provided by business schools. However, these stakeholders would like to do more on developing analytical, quantitative, and operational skills in students because these are the skills they will need immediately after graduation and in the labor market. The chapter suggests that it is useful and advisable for the academic institutions to have an effective information intelligence system in place in order to collect strategic academic information from different stakeholders in education. Such information can and will be used in designing academic programs and services to serve the emerging demands and interests of those stakeholders.

scholarly journals An Initial Investigation of the Effects of a Fully Automated Vehicle Fleet on Geometric Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Khoury ◽  
Kamar Amine ◽  
Rima Abi Saad
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
Projected Change ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Stopping Sight Distance

This paper investigates the potential changes in the geometric design elements in response to a fully autonomous vehicle fleet. When autonomous vehicles completely replace conventional vehicles, the human driver will no longer be a concern. Currently, and for safety reasons, the human driver plays an inherent role in designing highway elements, which depend on the driver’s perception-reaction time, driver’s eye height, and other driver related parameters. This study focuses on the geometric design elements that will directly be affected by the replacement of the human driver with fully autonomous vehicles. Stopping sight distance, decision sight distance, and length of sag and crest vertical curves are geometric design elements directly affected by the projected change. Revised values for these design elements are presented and their effects are quantified using a real-life scenario. An existing roadway designed using current AASHTO standards has been redesigned with the revised values. Compared with the existing design, the proposed design shows significant economic and environmental improvements, given the elimination of the human driver.

scholarly journals Social Networks and Supply Chain Management in Fish Trade

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402093181
Author(s):  
Carmen Pedroza-Gutiérrez ◽  
Juan M. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to construct a theoretical framework to analyze the elements of the network structure and the relationship system within the seafood supply chain. The scope of the investigation is to evaluate how these elements influence the flow of products and the efficiency of the seafood supply chain and why these social interactions can create value and enhance competitive advantage. The model combines the resource- and knowledge-based view and the social network analysis applied to seafood supply chains. To demonstrate the application of the model, two theoretical examples and a real case study of the Mercado del Mar in Guadalajara, Mexico, are used. Primary data are obtained from semi-structured interviews, social network analysis metrics, and qualitative analysis. Findings are based on the analysis of theoretical examples and must be considered with caution. Nevertheless, the observations in the examples and case study provide new arguments to the relationship between the pattern of interrelationship and the efficiency of a supply chain. This study emphasizes the necessity of combining quantitative and qualitative analyses to understand and explain real-life supply networks.

Capturing Real Life Variability in Virtual Testing

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Bardot ◽  
A. F. Emery
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Endothermic Reaction ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Deterministic Analysis ◽  
Virtual Testing ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Computationally Expensive

The motivation for this work is the need to analyze the behavior of an engineering system subjected to the hostile environment of a fire. The specific goal is to estimate the survivability of a component potted in insulating foam. The foam undergoes an endothermic reaction and through this heat sink protects the component. Because the operating conditions are stochastic and because the properties of the foam can only be estimated, the usual deterministic analysis cannot be used. Instead, Bayesian inference is used to estimate the critical foam parameters and the operating conditions are described in terms of probabilities. The survivability is then expressed in terms of a probability distribution. Because the computations are very computationally expensive, recourse was made by expressing the computed results as a response surface defined in terms of a Gaussian process.

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