scholarly journals Characterization of Medication Trends for Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral and Bone Disorder Treatment Using Electronic Health Record-Based Common Data Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sungdam Han ◽  
Minkook Son ◽  
Byungjin Choi ◽  
ChulHyoung Park ◽  
Dong Ho Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Real World ◽  
Aluminium Hydroxide ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Phosphate Binder ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Common Data Model ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Bone Disorder

Chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is the most common complication in CKD patients. Although there is a consensus on treatment guidelines for CKD-MBD, it remains uncertain whether these treatment recommendations reflect actual practice. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the CKD-MBD medication trend in real-world practice. This was a retrospective and observational study using a 12-year period database transformed into a common data model from three tertiary university hospitals. Study populations were subjects initially diagnosed as CKD. The date of diagnosis was designated as the index date. New patients were categorized year to year from 2008 to 2019 with a fixed observation period of 365 days to check the prescription of CKD-MBD medications including calcium-containing phosphate binder, noncalcium-containing phosphate binder, aluminium hydroxide, vitamin D receptor activator (VDRA), and cinacalcet. The numbers of CKD patients in the three hospitals were 7555, 2424, and 5351, respectively. The proportion for patients with CKD-MBD medication prescription decreased yearly regardless of hospital and CKD stage ( p for trend < 0.05). The use of aluminium hydroxide disappeared steadily while the use of VDRA increased annually in all settings. Despite these changes in prescription patterns, the mean value for CKD-MBD-related serologic markers was almost within target range. The proportion of the population within the target value was not significantly changed. Irrespective of hospital and CKD stage, similar trends of prescription for CKD-MBD medications were observed in real-world practice. Further research with a distributed network study may be helpful to understand medication trends in CKD-MBD treatment.

CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND MINERAL BONE DISORDER AS RECOMMEND BY KDIGO 2017

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Thanh Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Practice Guideline ◽  
Practice Guideline ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Mineral And Bone Disorder ◽  
Bone Disorder

KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD- MBD) is used to assist practitioners on caring for patients with chronic kidney diseases. New evidence has changed significantly clinical guidelines of dialysis and kidney transplantation. This evaluation material highlights core aspects of KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for CKD-MBD, including the reasons why the old version was modified. The topics of the material consists of updated guidelines related to the diagnosis of bone abnormalities in patients with Mineral and Bone Disorder (MBD), treating CKD-MBD by lowering serum phosphate levels to the target range and maintaining stable calcium levels, the treatment of abnormalities of parathyroid hormone in patients suffering from CKD-MBD, managing bone disorders by osteoporosis drugs, the treatment and evaluation after kidney transplantation. Key words: Chronic kidney disease; mineral and bone disorder.

P4746Worsening of renal function in atrial fibrillation patients with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease treated with warfarin or rivaroxaban - evidence from the real-world CALLIPER study in the US claims

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vaitsiakhovich ◽  
C I Coleman ◽  
F Kleinjung ◽  
S Kloss ◽  
B Vardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Real World ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Reduced Dose ◽  
Therapy Initiation ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background Anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists (e.g. warfarin) has recently been shown to contribute to the accelerated vascular calcification and worsening of renal function. Therefore, it is compelling to investigate the impact of different oral anticoagulants (OACs) on kidney function in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. Common co-morbidities in these patients are chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which might be presented at the OAC therapy initiation. Purpose The overall objective of the CALLIPER study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the reduced dose rivaroxaban (15 mg once daily) as compared to warfarin in NVAF patients with renal dysfunction in real-world setting. In particular, we evaluated the risk of worsening of renal function in NVAF patients with CKD stage 3 and 4 at baseline (1 year prior to the cohort entry). Additionally, a sub-group analysis of patients with T2DM was performed. We defined worsening of renal function as progression to CKD stage 5, kidney failure or need for dialysis. Methods Individual level data of warfarin- and rivaroxaban-naïve NVAF patients from the MarketScan database for the years 2012 through 2017 were used. Patients with moderate-to-severe CKD (stage 3 and 4) were included in the study cohort and were followed until progression to CKD 5, kidney failure or dialysis, OAC discontinuation/switch, insurance disenrollment or end of data availability. A comparative analysis evaluating the hazard ratios (HRs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) under warfarin or rivaroxaban treatment was performed using Cox regression. A stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to adjust for imbalances in baseline patient characteristics. Results We identified 5,906 warfarin- and 1,466 rivaroxaban-naïve patients with NVAF and CKD stage 3 and 4, of which 60% were male, median (25–75% range) age=79 (71- 84) years, CHADS2 score=2.67 (2.00- 3.50), CHA2DS2-VASc score=4.43 (3.40–5.62), modified HAS-BLED score=3.00 (2.40 - 3.65). T2DM was present in more than 50% of patients (Table), namely, in 3,160 warfarin- and 746 rivaroxaban-users. Hazard ratios and 95% CI for worsening of renal function were evaluated at 0.53 (0.35; 0.78) in the main cohort and 0.50 (0.30; 0.83) in the T2DM sub-group, meaning that rivaroxaban was associated with a significant 47% and 50% risk reduction of this outcome in NVAF patients with CKD stage 3 and 4 with and without T2DM, respectively. Conclusion The reduced dose of rivaroxaban has appeared to lower significantly the risk of worsening of renal function versus warfarin in NVAF patients with CKD stage 3 and 4 present at the OAC therapy initiation. The conclusion holds true for the patients with the co-morbid T2DM. This evidence was generated by the CALLIPER study using one of the largest US administrative claims database. Acknowledgement/Funding CI Coleman has received research grants from Bayer AG

SO053A REAL WORLD LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF ANAEMIA TREATMENT PRESCRIPTIONS IN NON-DIALYSIS-DEPENDENT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS, A CKDOPPS STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Lopes ◽  
Charlotte Tu ◽  
Jarcy Zee ◽  
Bryce Foote ◽  
Murilo Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Real World ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Us ◽  
Anaemia Management ◽  
Iv Iron

Abstract Background and Aims Previously lacking in the literature, this analysis aims to comprehensively describe longitudinal patterns of anaemia management, including prescriptions of ESA and iron replacement, for non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) stage 3 to 5 patients under nephrologist care. Method We analysed data from a prospective cohort of 2455 NDD-CKD patients from Brazil, Germany and the US, who were not using anaemia medications (oral iron, intravenous [IV] iron, or erythropoiesis stimulating agent [ESA]) at enrolment in the Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (CKDOPPS). We excluded 26% (N=862) of patients who were using any anaemia treatment from the source population at CKDOPPS study entry; we further excluded patients with (a) missing data for demographics and/or clinical history, or (b) no laboratory and medication data during follow-up. We reported the cumulative incidence (CI) of anaemia treatment initiation, stratified by biochemical parameters and patient characteristics. For patients that started therapy, we report the frequency of medication type at the moment of initiation, as well as switches and discontinuation over 12 months. Results The CI of any anaemia treatment initiation at 12 months was 18% for the whole sample, and 54% for patients with haemoglobin (Hb) &lt;10 g/dL. For oral iron therapy, the CI at 12 months was 26% (19%, 32%) for TSAT&lt;20%, and 22% (17%, 28%) for ferritin &lt;100. For IV iron use, CI at 12 months was 6% (3%, 11%) for patients with TSAT&lt;20% and 4% (2%, 7%) for patients with ferritin &lt;100ng/mL. For ESA use, the CI at 12 months was 38% (29%, 47%) for patients with Hb &lt;10 g/dL, and 11% (8%, 14%) for Hb 10 to &lt;12 g/dL. Oral iron alone was the overwhelming first treatment option in the US (67%) and Brazil (56%); in Germany, a higher prevalence of ESAs (38%) and IV iron use (15%) was noted. Anaemia medication switches and discontinuation patterns, over 12 months, are outlined in the figure. The majority patients starting anaemia treatment were no longer on therapy one year later in Brazil (54%) and the US (51%); discontinuation of treatment was much lower in Germany (22%). Conclusion Anaemia treatment is initiated in a limited number of NDD-CKD patients with clinical signs that would indicate to do so, and many patients discontinue treatment, for reasons yet to be clarified. Although haemoglobin was the main factor associated with prescriptions, only about half of patients with Hb&lt;10g/dL received any anaemia medication during a year. Oral iron was the treatment option most often prescribed, however given to only a quarter of iron deficient patients. We noticed country differences in the patterns of anaemia prescription and treatment discontinuation, over time, that could be due to regional policy and physician-led CKD anaemia management inequalities. These results provide longitudinal data supporting the concept that anaemia is sub-optimally managed among patients with NDD CKD in the real-world setting.

scholarly journals SAT0483 SAFETY OF INTRAVENOUS IBANDRONIC ACID IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1198.3-1198
Author(s):  
J. Southern ◽  
M. Chakravorty ◽  
L. H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Real World ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Ibandronic Acid ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Ckd Stage

Background:Common forms of intravenous bisphosphonate used at the Royal Derby Hospital are zoledronic acid and ibandronic acid for a variety of indications. In the treatment of osteoporosis, zoledronic acid is preferred due to its convenience of once-yearly dosing; compared to ibandronic acid which is given three-monthly. Zoledronic acid is contraindicated in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 35 due to nephrotoxicity concerns. Ibandronic acid, however, is generally offered with an eGFR of 30 or over and is perceived to be a safer choice in more advanced chronic kidney disease. The potential of extending the use of ibandronic acid to patients with lower eGFR is being explored. However, there is a paucity of real world data and this study will therefore seek to affirm the safety profile in those on treatment.Objectives:Establish the safety profile of IV ibandronic acid with regards to worsening renal function or significant hypocalcaemia injury in the context of reduced renal clearance.Methods:The details of patients receiving IV ibandronic acid at Royal Derby Hospital were retrieved from the osteoporosis department register in September 2019. Data was collected anonymously from records using the electronic prescribing and pathology hospital database, together with electronic letters. The first three pre-infusion serum adjusted calcium levels, vitamin D, creatinine and eGFR were recorded. In addition, results from initiation to present were screened for any episodes of hypocalcaemia, acute kidney injury (AKI) or significant decline in renal function.Results:Treatment duration ranged from 6 months to 6 years. Female:male ratio was 9:1 and the average age was 75 years (range 50-90). Baseline eGFR ranged from 27 to over 60; 3 patients had eGFR≥60, 2 had eGFR 27 while remaining patients (75%) had eGFR 30-59. All patients received a standard 3mg infusion on each occasion. The most common rationale cited for ibandronic acid choice as opposed to zoledonic acid was reduced creatinine clearance or eGFR. Three patients (15%) developed one or more episodes of mild hypocalcaemia (lowest 2.01 mmol/l). No episodes of hypocalcaemia were identified in the first three pre-infusion levels. Four patients (25%) had a decline in eGFR by more than 5 ml/min/1.73m2but there was no definitive causal link with ibandronic acid and was most commonly felt to be related to their underlying renal disease. Three patients (15%) had at least one episode of AKI since commencing treatment, each explained by an intercurrent illness. Serum Vitamin D levels were measured pre-infusion in 92% of cases.Conclusion:This study reaffirms the safety profile of ibandronic acid use in renal function as low as CKD Stage 3b (≥30ml/min/1.73m2). No episodes of AKI or sustained decline in renal function were causally linked to ibandronic acid.References:Royal Derby Hospital Proposed Clinical Guideline (2019) – Use of ibandronic acid in CKD 4 at reduced dosage.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Potential effect of pharmaceutical care to improve outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder in Sulaimani dialysis centers

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-94
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Mineral Bone Disorder ◽  
Bone Disorder

Objective: the present study was aimed to evaluate the role of pharmaceutical services in improving the outcome of mineral bone disorder in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients with chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) screened for eligibility, seventy-six patients enrolled in the study and randomly allocated into two groups: pharmaceutical care and usual care, both groups interviewed by the pharmacist using specific questionnaire for assessing the quality of life (QoL). All the drug related problems (DRPs) including drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were recorded by the pharmacist. Blood samples were collected and utilized for analyzing the levels of vitamin D, phosphorous, calcium, albumin and parathyroid hormone at baseline and three months after. The pharmaceutical care group received all the educations about their medications and how to minimize DRPs; improve the QoL. Additionally, the pharmaceutical intervention included correcting the biochemical parameters. Results: Pharmaceutical care significantly improved patients QoL and minimized DRPs and DDIs. It was also effective in improving the biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care has a positive impact on improving the outcome of patients with CKD-MBD through attenuating DRPs, improving the biochemical parameters and the QoL.

P0203EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Sultan ◽  
Hamdy Omar ◽  
Housseini Ahmed ◽  
Mahmoud Elprince ◽  
Osama Anter adly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background and Aims Vascular calcification (VC) plays a major role in cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the main causes of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study aims at early detection of breast arterial calcification (BAC) in different stages of CKD (stage 2, 3& 4) patients as an indicator of systemic VC. Method A case control study was conducted targeting CKD women, aged 18- 60 years old. The sample was divided into 3 groups; A,B,C (representing stage 2, 3 & 4 of CKD) from women who attended nephrology and Internal medicine clinics and admitted in inpatient ward in Suez Canal University Hospital. A 4th group (D) was formed as a control group and included women with normal kidney functions (each group (A, B, C, D) include 22 women). The selected participants were subjected to history taking, mammogram to detect BAC and biochemical assessment of lipid profile, Serum creatinine (Cr), Mg, P, Ca, PTH and FGF23. Results Our study detected presence of BAC in about 81.8% of hypertensive stage 4 CKD patients compared with 50% in stage 3 CKD, also in the majority of stage 4 CKD patients who had abnormal lipid profile parameters and electrolyte disturbance. Most of the variables had statistical significance regarding the presence of BAC. Conclusion Although it is difficult to determine the definite stage at which the risk of VC begins but in our study, it began late in stage 2 CKD, gradually increased prevalence through stage 3 and became significantly higher in stage 4. These results suggest that preventive strategies may need to begin as early as stage 2 CKD.

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