scholarly journals Temporal and Quantitative Analysis of Aortic Immunopathologies in Elastase-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kangli Tian ◽  
Congcong Xia ◽  
Haole Liu ◽  
Boyu Xu ◽  
Panpan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Baseline Level ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Leukocyte Accumulation ◽  
Elastin Degradation ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Translational Studies

Objective. Elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) model is widely used for aneurysmal pathogenesis and translational research. However, temporal alternations in aneurysmal histologies remain unknown. This study is aimed at analyzing temporal immunopathologies of aneurysmal aorta following experimental AAA induction. Methods. Male C57BL/6J mice at the age of 10-14 weeks received intra-aortic infusion of elastase to induce AAAs. Aortic diameters at the baseline and indicated days after AAA induction were measured, and aortae were collected for histopathological analysis. Results. Aorta diameters increased from 0.52 mm at the baseline levels to 0.99 mm, 1.34 mm, and 1.41 mm at days 7, 14, and 28, respectively, corresponding 90%, 158%, and 171% increases over the baseline level. Average aortic diameters did not differ between days 14 and 28. Severe elastin degradation and smooth muscle cell depletion were found at days 14 and 28 as compared to the baseline and day 7. No difference in the scores of medial elastin and SMC destruction was noted between days 14 and 28. Consistent results were found for leukocyte accumulation, neoangiogenesis, and matrix metalloproteinase expression. Twenty-eight days after AAA induction, all aneurysmal pathologies showed an attenuated trend, although most histopathological parameters did no differ between days 14 and 28. Conclusion. Our data suggest that almost aneurysmal immunohistopathologies reach maximal 14 days following AAA induction. Analysis of day 14 histologies is sufficient for AAA pathogenesis and translational studies in elastase-induced mouse experimental AAAs.

Current evidence and prospects for medical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diehm ◽  
Schmidli ◽  
Dai-Do ◽  
Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Risk Of Rupture

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal condition with risk of rupture increasing as maximum AAA diameter increases. It is agreed upon that open surgical or endovascular treatment is indicated if maximum AAA diameter exceeds 5 to 5.5cm. Continuing aneurysmal degeneration of aortoiliac arteries accounts for significant morbidity, especially in patients undergoing endovascular AAA repair. Purpose of this review is to give an overview of the current evidence of medical treatment of AAA and describe prospects of potential pharmacological approaches towards prevention of aneurysmal degeneration of small AAAs and to highlight possible adjunctive medical treatment approaches after open surgical or endovascular AAA therapy.

scholarly journals A Case Report on the Successful Treatment ofStreptococcus pneumoniae-Induced Infectious Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Initially Presenting with Meningitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yohei Kawatani ◽  
Yoshitsugu Nakamura ◽  
Yujiro Hayashi ◽  
Tetsuyoshi Taneichi ◽  
Yujiro Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Infectious abdominal aortic aneurysms often present with abdominal and lower back pain, but prolonged fever may be the only symptom. Infectious abdominal aortic aneurysms initially presenting with meningitis are extremely rare; there are no reports of their successful treatment. Cases withStreptococcus pneumoniaeas the causative bacteria are even rarer with a higher mortality rate than those caused by other bacteria. We present the case of a 65-year-old man with lower limb weakness and back pain. Examination revealed fever and neck stiffness. Cerebrospinal fluid showed leukocytosis and low glucose levels. The patient was diagnosed with meningitis and bacteremia caused byStreptococcus pneumoniaeand treated with antibiotics. Fever, inflammatory response, and neurologic findings showed improvement. However, abdominal computed tomography revealed an aneurysm not present on admission. Antibiotics were continued, and a rifampicin soaked artificial vascular graft was implanted. Tissue cultures showed no bacteria, and histological findings indicated inflammation with high leukocyte levels. There were no postoperative complications or neurologic abnormalities. Physical examination, blood tests, and computed tomography confirmed there was no relapse over the following 13 months. This is the first reported case of survival of a patient with an infectious abdominal aortic aneurysm initially presenting with meningitis caused byStreptococcus pneumoniae.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 430-434
Author(s):  
Ian Peate
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Ultrasound Scan ◽  
Abdominal Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
The Uk

This is the second article in a series of articles regarding screening programmes. In this article, an overview of the abdominal aorta is provided. The article also considers the abdominal aortic aneurysm screening programme. Aortic abdominal aneurysm is described. The majority of abdominal aortic aneurysms are asymptomatic; however, if there are any symptoms, these are explained. All four UK countries offer men aged 65 years and over a screening opportunity using an ultrasound scan, the fundamental aspects of abdominal aortic aneurysm screening programmes is offered. It is emphasised that screening is not mandatory in the UK; the man has a right to decline the invitation to attend any screening programme.

The similarities and differences among patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms referred to a tertiary hospital and found at necropsy

Vascular ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasmo S da Silva ◽  
Vitor C Gornati ◽  
Ivan B Casella ◽  
Ricardo Aun ◽  
Andre EV Estenssoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Tertiary Center

Objective To analyze the characteristics of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms referred to a tertiary center and to compare with individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysm found at necropsy. Methods We have retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 556 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and 102 cases abdominal aortic aneurysm found at necropsy. Results At univariated analysis, hypertension, tobacco use and maximum diameter were significant risk factors for symptomatic aneurysm, while diabetes tended to be a protective factor for rupture. By logistic regression analysis, the largest transverse diameter was the only one significantly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture ( p < .0001, odds ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.481–1.951). Intact abdominal aortic aneurysm found at necropsy showed similarities with outpatients in relation to abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and risk factors. Conclusion Intact abdominal aortic aneurysm at necropsy and at outpatients setting showed similarities that confirmed that abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is less offered to women, and they died more frequently with intact abdominal aortic aneurysm from other causes.

Towards the Prediction and Minimization of Device Failure for Endolvascular Grafts in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Layman ◽  
Samy Missoum ◽  
Jonathan Vande Geest
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Critical Diameter ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Infrarenal Aorta ◽  
Device Failure ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

The local dilation of the infrarenal aorta, termed an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), occurs over several years and may eventually lead to rupture, an event currently ranked the 15th leading cause of death in the United States [1, 2]. AAA can often remain quiescent and asymptomatic, making the diagnosis and treatment of AAA patients a clinical challenge. For patients whose AAAs dilate to a critical diameter there are two standard treatments: open surgical resection and endovascular repair (EVAR). EVAR involves inserting an endovascular graft into the aneurysm to prevent pressurization of the AAA cavity.

Prevalence of Renal Masses Suspected of Malignancy and Adrenal Incidentalomas in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110226
Author(s):  
Dorota Studzińska ◽  
Mateusz Kózka ◽  
Kamil Polok ◽  
Katarzyna Gronostaj ◽  
Maciej Chwała ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Adrenal Incidentalomas ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Study Population

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of renal masses suspected of malignancy and adrenal incidentalomas in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm based on the computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: In the retrospective cross-sectional study, the CTA scans of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms type II-IV were assessed. Patients with thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms type I and V and history of abdominal aortic surgery were excluded from the study. Results: Study group comprised 937 patients with a median age of 73.0 years, 83.8% of whom were male. CTA revealed renal tumors in 11 patients (1.2% of the study population) with a median size of 26 mm (interquartile range 20-50). Adrenal incidentalomas were found in 61 patients (6.5% of the study population). In 20 patients (2.1%) adrenal lesions were found bilaterally. Conclusion: In the described cohort, the renal and adrenal tumors were relatively common findings among patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms type II-IV. Both anaesthesiologists and surgeons should be vigilant about the possibility of such coexistence in order to provide the patients with the best possible perioperative care and an optimal surgical modality.

The effect of endograft device on patient outcomes in endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms

Vascular ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Kansal ◽  
Sudhir Nagpal ◽  
Prasad Jetty
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Instructions For Use ◽  
Aneurysm Repair

Objective Endovascular aneurysm repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is being increasingly applied as the intervention of choice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether survival and reintervention rates after ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm vary between endograft devices. Methods This cohort study identified all ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms performed at The Ottawa Hospital from January 1999 to May 2015. Data collected included patient demographics, stability index at presentation, adherence to device instructions for use, endoleaks, reinterventions, and mortality. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare outcomes between groups. Mortality outcomes were assessed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and multivariate Cox regression modeling. Results One thousand sixty endovascular aneurysm repairs were performed using nine unique devices. Ninety-six ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms were performed using three devices: Cook Zenith ( n = 46), Medtronic Endurant ( n = 33), and Medtronic Talent ( n = 17). The percent of patients presented in unstable or extremis condition was 30.2, which did not differ between devices. Overall 30-day mortality was 18.8%, and was not statistically different between devices ( p = 0.16), although Medtronic Talent had markedly higher mortality (35.3%) than Cook Zenith (15.2%) and Medtronic Endurant (15.2%). AUI configuration was associated with increased 30-day mortality (33.3% vs. 12.1%, p = 0.02). Long-term mortality and graft-related reintervention rates at 30 days and 5 years were similar between devices. Instructions for use adherence was similar across devices, but differed between the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and elective endovascular aneurysm repair cohorts (47.7% vs. 79.0%, p < 0.01). Notably, two patients who received Medtronic Talent grafts underwent open conversion >30 days post-endovascular aneurysm repair ( p = 0.01). Type 1 endoleak rates differed significantly across devices (Cook Zenith 0.0%, Medtronic Endurant 18.2%, Medtronic Talent 17.6%, p = 0.01). Conclusion Although we identified device-related differences in endoleak rates, there were no significant differences in reintervention rates or mortality outcomes. Favorable outcomes of Cook Zenith and Medtronic Endurant over Medtronic Talent reflect advances in endograft technology and improvements in operator experience over time. Results support selection of endograft by operator preference for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Elastin degradation in abdominal aortic aneurysms

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Campa ◽  
R.M. Greenhalgh ◽  
Janet T. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Elastin Degradation ◽  
Abdominal Aortic
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