scholarly journals Situation of Rabies in Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Study of Human Rabies in Addis Ababa and the Surrounding Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mesfin Aklilu ◽  
Wogayehu Tadele ◽  
Amelework Alemu ◽  
Sintayehu Abdela ◽  
Garuma Getahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Public Health Institute

Objective. The study objective was to estimate the burden of human rabies in Ethiopia from 2015–2019. Study Design. A descriptive study design was applied to measure the size of the problem. Method. Retrospective data were used from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute rabies case record book that was registered between 2015 to 2019. Result. Eighty-seven (87) cases of human rabies were diagnosed clinically in the Ethiopian Public Health Institute over the period of five years (2015–2019) with 100% case fatality. Of these, 83 (95.4%) cases were attributed to dog bites, whereas 1 (1.1%) to a cat and 3 (3.4%) to wild animals. The fatalities were from Oromia (n = 51 (58.6%), 13 (14.9%) were from Amhara, 15 (17.2%) were from Addis Ababa, and 8 (9.2%) from the Southern region. All referred cases had no record of immunization against rabies except eight. Ineffective postexposure treatment was the reason for 5 (5.7%) deaths. Out of 1,652 brain samples of different animals, mainly dogs, submitted for examination, 1,122 (68%) were found to be positive for rabies by the FAT. Dog bites were more common among males than females. The number of dog bite victims who had visited the EPHI counseling office and recommended to take postexposure prophylaxis against rabies both from Addis Ababa and the surrounding areas were 9,592 and 4,192, respectively. Out of these, 5,708 were males and 3,884 females for the capital Addis Ababa. Similarly, 2,439 males and 1,753 females account for areas surrounding Addis Ababa. Among those exposed from Addis Ababa, 1,079 (11.2%) were in the age group less than five, 1696 (17.7%) were in the age group 6–13, and 6,817 (71.1%) in the age group 14 and greater. Victims from outside of the capital Addis Ababa account for 644 (15.4%) for the age group less than 5 years, 964 (23%) for the age group 6–13 and, 2,584 (61.6%) for the age group 14 and greater. Conclusion. Mechanisms must be sought to reduce the cost of PEP and means of obtaining funds so as to initiate timely treatment for rabies exposed individuals of low socioeconomic status. Besides prevention, strategies should focus on public education and strict dog population control.

scholarly journals Microbial safety and quality of edible oil examined at Ethiopian public health institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waktole Gobena ◽  
Samson Girma ◽  
Tesfaye Legesse ◽  
Firehiwot Abera ◽  
Almaz Gonfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Microbial Safety ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Public Health Institute

scholarly journals National Public Health Institute Legal Framework: A Tool to Build Public Health Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S-43-S-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Rosenfeld ◽  
Sue Binder ◽  
C. Adam Brush ◽  
Ellen A. Spotts Whitney ◽  
Dennis Jarvis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
National Public Health Institute ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Public Health Institute

scholarly journals Disease modeling for public health: added value, challenges, and institutional constraints

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Kretzschmar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Added Value ◽  
National Public Health Institute ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Public Health Institute

AbstractPublic health policymakers face increasingly complex questions and decisions and need to deal with an increasing quantity of data and information. For policy advisors to make use of scientific evidence and to assess available intervention options effectively and therefore indirectly for those deciding on and implementing public health policies, mathematical modeling has proven to be a useful tool. In some areas, the use of mathematical modeling for public health policy support has become standard practice at various levels of decision-making. To make use of this tool effectively within public health organizations, it is necessary to provide good infrastructure and ensure close collaboration between modelers and policymakers. Based on experience from a national public health institute, we discuss the strategic requirements for good modeling practice for public health. For modeling to be of maximal value for a public health institute, the organization and budgeting of mathematical modeling should be transparent, and a long-term strategy for how to position and develop mathematical modeling should be in place.

scholarly journals Occupational Medicine in cardiovascular risk prevention by ergometry and psycho test implementing physical activities in Public Health Institute employees

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Lalić Hrvoje
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Burden Test ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Public Health Institute

Within the WHO global action against chronic noninfectious diseases the local action in cooperation of Occupational Medicine and Sports and Public Health Institute in Rijeka, Croatia has been undertaken. The Project objectives were improvement of psychophysical condition of women employed in the Institute and also to spark their interest in health and physical activities. The research comprised ergometry testing 19 female employees and so the levels of glucose and lactate were tested before and after ergometry burden. They have undergone the battery of psycho tests, stress test, test of anxiety as condition, test of anxiety as trait personality and test of depression. They had 6 weeks of physical exercises 1 hour twice a week monitored by a kinesiologist. After the exercises the results proved positive but not statistically due to short period of exercises. The Scout lactate test p = .357, p > .05 indicated a minor increase of lactate after the bicycle ergometry burden test and conducted programmed exercises in relation to the bicycle ergometry burden test before the exercises. Bionime glucose test after the burden and exercise showed a decrease but smaller compared to the burden test before exercises, p = .250, p > .05 which indicates improved fitness though not significant. Concerning psychic parameters the exercises resulted in significant differences in depression, p = .0197, p < .05. In conclusion, besides the importance of carrying out such programmed physical activities, diagnosed Electrocardiograph (ECG) changes, of 19 employees one was cosmetic and one cardiac organic change, point to the significance of screening in Occupational Medicine and Sports in diagnosing potential cardiac diseases in working population.

The Louisiana Public Health Institute

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Kimbrell ◽  
Anne Witmer ◽  
Patrick Flaherty
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Public Health Institute
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