scholarly journals Abnormal Gray Matter Volume and Functional Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease with Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xu Jiang ◽  
Zhuang Wu ◽  
Min Zhong ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right

Objective. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a common symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and patients with PD-RBD tend to have an increased risk of cognitive decline and have the tendency to be akinetic/rigidity predominant. At the same time, the mechanisms of RBD in patients with PD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the structural and functional differences in patients with PD-RBD and PD without RBD (PD-nRBD). Methods. Twenty-four polysomnography-confirmed patients with PD-RBD, 26 patients with PD-nRBD, and 26 healthy controls were enrolled. Structural and functional patterns were analyzed based on voxel-based morphometry and seed-based functional connectivity (FC). Correlations between altered gray matter volume (GMV)/FC values and cognitive scores and motor impairment scores in PD subgroups were assessed. Results. Compared with patients with PD-nRBD, patients with PD-RBD showed relatively high GMV in the cerebellar vermis IV/V and low GMV in the right superior occipital gyrus (SOG). For the FC, patients with PD-RBD displayed lower FC between the right SOG and the posterior regions (left fusiform gyrus, left calcarine sulcus, and left superior parietal gyrus) compared with the patients with PD-nRBD. The GMV values in the right SOG were negatively correlated with the Unified PD Rating Scale-III scores in patients with PD-RBD but positively correlated with delayed memory scores. The GMV values in the cerebellar vermis IV/V were positively correlated with the tonic chin EMG density scores. There were positive correlations between the FC values in the right SOG-left superior parietal gyrus and MoCA and visuospatial skills/executive function scores and in the right SOG-left calcarine sulcus and delayed memory scores. Conclusion. Higher GMV in the cerebellum may be linked with the abnormal motor behaviors during REM sleep in patients with PD-RBD, and lower GMV and FC in the posterior regions may indicate that PD-RBD correspond to more serious neurodegeneration, especially the visuospatial–executive function impairment and delayed memory impairment. These findings provided new insights to learn more about the complicated characteristics in patients with PD-RBD.

Gray matter volume correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. e102-e103
Author(s):  
P.-A. Bourgouin ◽  
S. Rahayel ◽  
M. Gaubert ◽  
R.B. Postuma ◽  
J. Montplaisir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Assessing gray matter volume in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-Tao Zuo ◽  
Xian-Hua Han ◽  
Xiu-Ming Li ◽  
Wei-Jun Tang ◽  
Huan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals Brain structural and functional anomalies associated with simultanagnosia in patients with posterior cortical atrophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Cui ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Caishui Yang ◽  
Chunlei Cui ◽  
Donglai Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Posterior Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Intrinsic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Middle Occipital Gyrus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Middle

AbstractSimultanagnosia is a common symptom of posterior cortical atrophy, and its association with brain structural and functional changes remains unclear. In our study, 18 posterior cortical atrophy patients with simultanagnosia, 29 patients with Alzheimer’s disease and 20 cognitively normal controls were recruited and subjected to full neuropsychological evaluation, including simultanagnosia tests, and structural and resting-state functional MRI. The gray matter volume was assessed by voxel-based morphometry, while the intrinsic functional connectivity was evaluated using the reduced gray matter volume regions of interest as the seed. In contrast to the patients with Alzheimer’s disease, those with posterior cortical atrophy showed the following: (1) markedly lower simultanagnosia test scores, (2) an altered regional gray matter volume of the left middle occipital gyrus and ventral occipital areas, and (3) lowered intrinsic functional connectivity with the left middle occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus separately. Additionally, the gray matter volume of the left middle occipital gyrus and left inferior occipital gyrus were each correlated with simultanagnosia in posterior cortical atrophy patients. The intrinsic functional connectivity of the left middle occipital gyrus with the right superior occipital gyrus and that of the right middle occipital gyrus with the left superior parietal gyrus were also correlated with simultanagnosia in posterior cortical atrophy patients. In summary, this study indicated that simultanagnosia is associated with gray matter reductions and decreased functional connectivity in the left middle occipital gyrus and the left inferior occipital gyrus in patients with posterior cortical atrophy.

scholarly journals Gray Matter Volume Covariance Networks, Social Support, and Cognition in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cotton ◽  
Joe Verghese ◽  
Helena M Blumen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Gray Matter Network

Abstract Objective We examined the neural substrates of social support in older adults. Social support is associated with better outcomes in many facets of aging—including cognitive and functional health—but the underlying neural substrates remain largely unexplored. Methods Voxel-based morphometry and multivariate statistics were used to identify gray matter volume covariance networks associated with social support in 112 older adults without dementia (M age = 74.6 years, 50% female), using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. Results A gray matter network associated with overall social support was identified and included prefrontal, hippocampal, amygdala, cingulate, and thalamic regions. A gray matter network specifically associated with tangible social support (e.g., someone to help you if you were confined to bed) was also identified, included prefrontal, hippocampal, cingulate, insular, and thalamic regions, and correlated with memory and executive function. Discussion Gray matter networks associated with overall and tangible social support in this study were composed of regions previously associated with memory, executive function, aging, and dementia. Longitudinal research of the interrelationships between social support, brain structure, and cognition is needed, but strengthening social support may represent a new path toward improving cognition in aging that should be explored.

The gray matter volume of the right insula mediates the relationship between symptoms of depression/anxiety and sleep quality among college students

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531986997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huazhan Yin ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Mei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the neuroanatomical basis of the association between depression/anxiety and sleep quality among 370 college students. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and depression/anxiety. Moreover, mediation results showed that the gray matter volume of the right insula mediated the relationship between depression/anxiety and sleep quality, which suggested that depression/anxiety may affect sleep quality through the right insula volume. These findings confirmed a strong link between sleep quality and depression/anxiety, while highlighting the volumetric variation in the right insula associated with emotional processing, which may play a critical role in improving sleep quality.

scholarly journals REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Chi Chan ◽  
Hsun-Hua Lee ◽  
Chien-Tai Hong ◽  
Chaur-Jong Hu ◽  
Dean Wu
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Neurologic Disorders

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia, with abnormal dream-enacting behavior during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. RBD is either idiopathic or secondary to other neurologic disorders and medications. Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the third most common cause of dementia, and the typical clinical presentation is rapidly progressive cognitive impairment. RBD is one of the core features of DLB and may occur either in advance or simultaneously with the onset of DLB. The association between RBD with DLB is widely studied. Evidences suggest that both DLB and RBD are possibly caused by the shared underlying synucleinopathy. This review article discusses history, clinical manifestations, possible pathophysiologies, and treatment of DLB and RBD and provides the latest updates.

scholarly journals Smaller pineal gland is associated with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongbin Park ◽  
Seung Wan Suh ◽  
Grace Eun Kim ◽  
Subin Lee ◽  
Jun Sung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Gland Volume

Abstract Background: To investigate the association between pineal gland volume and symptoms of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients without any feature of dementia with Lewy bodies.Methods: We enrolled 296 community-dwelling probable AD patients who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for possible or probable dementia with Lewy bodies. Among them, 93 were amyloid beta (Aβ) positive on 18F-florbetaben amyloid brain positron emission tomography. We measured RBD symptoms using the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) and defined probable RBD (pRBD) as the RBDSQ of 5 or higher. We manually segmented pineal gland on 3T structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging.Results: The participants with pRBD had smaller pineal parenchyma volume (VPP) than those without pRBD (p < 0.001). The smaller the VPP, the more severe the RBD symptoms (p < 0.001). VPP was inversely associated with risk of prevalent pRBD (odds ratio = 0.909, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.878–0.942, p < 0.001). Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for pRBD of VPP was 0.80 (95% CI = 0.750–0.844, p < 0.0001). These results were not changed when we analyzed the 93 participants with Aβ-positive AD separately.Conclusions: In AD patients, reduced pineal gland volume may be associated with RBD.

scholarly journals Attentional bias to threat and gray mater volume morphology in high anxious individuals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Carlson ◽  
Lin Fang
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn a sample of highly anxious individuals, the relationship between gray matter volume brain morphology and attentional bias to threat was assessed. Participants performed a dot-probe task of attentional bias to threat and gray matter volume was acquired from whole brain structural T1-weighted MRI scans. The results replicate previous findings in unselected samples that elevated attentional bias to threat is linked to greater gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate cortex, middle frontal gyrus, and striatum. In addition, we provide novel evidence that elevated attentional bias to threat is associated with greater gray matter volume in the right posterior parietal cortex, cerebellum, and other distributed regions. Lastly, exploratory analyses provide initial evidence that distinct sub-regions of the right posterior parietal cortex may contribute to attentional bias in a sex-specific manner. Our results illuminate how differences in gray matter volume morphology relate to attentional bias to threat in anxious individuals. This knowledge could inform neurocognitive models of anxiety-related attentional bias to threat and targets of neuroplasticity in anxiety interventions such as attention bias modification.

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