scholarly journals Electrochemical Behavior and Electronucleation of Copper Nanoparticles from CuCl2·H2O Using a Choline Chloride-Urea Eutectic Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Thao Dao Vu Phuong ◽  
Thuy-Linh Phi ◽  
Bui Huu Phi ◽  
Nguyen Van Hieu ◽  
Son Tang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Copper Electrodeposition ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Total Current Density

This work presents a thorough study on the early stage of copper electrodeposition from a choline chloride-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES). Determination of possible species in DES containing Cu2+ ions as the electrolytes has been performed using UV-Vis measurements. Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of copper electrodeposition on glassy carbon electrode from DES were thoroughly investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). Both results from CA and CV have demonstrated that the copper electrodeposition could be performed directly from DES containing a small amount of water by the single potentiostatic step technique. Theoretical approach confirmed that the direct electronucleation of copper nanoparticles in the DES can be described by a model with two contributions, namely, (i) adsorption process and (ii) a three-dimensional (3D) nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth of copper nuclei, to the total current density transients. Kinetic parameters are important for controlling morphology and chemical composition of the obtained nanoparticles, which are verified by surface characterization techniques such as SEM and EDS.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Nucleation and Growth Mechanism of Aluminum on AZ31 Magnesium Alloys

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Jinling Zhang ◽  
Yelei Li ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
Yanchong Yu ◽  
Shebin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Electrochemical Nucleation ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Instantaneous Nucleation ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Al Coating

In this study, the nucleation and growth kinetics behavior of aluminum (Al) were investigated in the Choline-chloride (ChCl)-urea deep eutectic solvent (DES) ionic liquids. The studies of cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometry demonstrated that the electrodeposition process of Al was controlled by three-dimensional progressive nucleation and instantaneous nucleation. And the growth of nuclei is a diffusion-controlled process. The diffusion coefficient of Al ions was calculated at 343 K, that is, 1.773 × 10−10 cm2/s. The Al coating was obtained on the surface of the AZ31 magnesium alloy electrode under appropriate conditions. According to the surface morphology of the Al film, it could be inferred that the theoretical deposit thickness is similar to the actual thickness, and the apparent diffusion rate of Al ions is slower than the diffusion coefficient in the electrolytes. So, in the later deposition, lamellar Al along the diffusion direction were formed, and lamellar depleted Al zones existed around the big grain Al-rich region.

scholarly journals Copper Electrodeposition from a Water-Containing Choline Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Valverde ◽  
Todd Green ◽  
Sudipta Roy
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Copper Electrodeposition

scholarly journals One-pot multi-component process for the synthesis of 4-azaphenanthrene-3,10-dione, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives catalyzed by the deep eutectic solvent choline chloride-oxalic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosein Sayahi ◽  
Maryam Gorjizadeh ◽  
Melan Meheiseni ◽  
Soheil Sayyahi
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Reaction Yield ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Component Process ◽  
High Yields

AbstractAn effective method based on choline chloride (ChCl)-oxalic acid (Ox) deep eutectic solvent was proposed for the synthesis of 4-azaphenanthrene-3,10-dione, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. The eutectic mixture worked as both the solvent and acidic catalyst for conversion. The impacts of different variables, including the composition and volume of ChCl-Ox, and temperature, on reaction yield were studied for optimization. The crucial advantages of this process are simplicity of the experimental procedure, high yields, short reaction times, high recyclability, and the use of safe and inexpensive components.

scholarly journals Electrodeposition of Nanostructured Chromium Conglomerates from Cr(III) Dissolved in a Deep Eutectic Solvent: Influence of Forced Convection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivvone Mejia-Caballero ◽  
Tu Le Manh ◽  
Jorge Ivan Aldana-Gonzalez ◽  
Elsa Miriam Arce-Estrada ◽  
Mario Romero-Romo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Theoretical Mechanism ◽  
First Time

Abstract Cr electrodeposition onto glassy carbon rotating disk electrode (GCRDE) was studied from Cr(III) dissolved in the choline chloride and ethylene glycol eutectic mixture (ethaline) under different GCRDE angular speeds, ω, at 343 K. The ethaline kinematic viscosity, ν= 0.17〖 cm〗^2 s^(-1), was estimated, for the first time, from potentiodynamic plots. Analisys of potentiostatic current density transients, j-t plots, recorded at different ω, was based on the Hyde et al. (J. Electroanal. Chem. 534 (2002) 13) model, jdc-fcon(t), complemented by a previous adsorption step, jad(t), and the residual water reduction, jWR(t), taking place on the growing surfaces of the Cr nuclei. Nucleation frequency and number density of active sites showed small dependence on ω; however, jWR(t) clearly depends on it. SEM, EDS and XPS techniques were used to characterize the Cr electrodeposited. Electrodeposits were formed by quasi-spherical conglomerates (ca. 50 and 200 nm diameter for 0 and 1500 rpm, respectively) of nanoparticles (sized less than 30 nm diameter, in both cases). Moreover, these electrodeposits were formed by chromium and oxygen and its content increases with ω. These nanoparticles exhibit a core-shell structure: Cr(0)@ Cr(OH)3@ Cr2O3 which is consistent with the theoretical mechanism used for the analysis of the j-t plots

scholarly journals DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS AS AN ADDITIVE IN MODIFICATION OF MEMBRANEFOR NANO- AND ULTRA- FILTRATION: PHYSIC-CHEMISTRY CHARACTERISTICS, FTIR STUDY AND ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Viktoria Vorobyova ◽  
Margarita Skiba
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ftir Study

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new class of solvents that can offset some of the primary drawbacks of typical solvents and ionic liquids. They are synthesized by simply mixing the components that interact with each other through hydrogen bonds, and form a eutectic mixture with a melting point much lower than each component individually. Deep eutectic solvents is usually liquid at temperatures below 100 °C. Thanks to these great advantages, deep eutectic solvents is attracting more and more attention in many areas of research. Very recently, great attention has been paid to new pioneering attempts aiming at deep eutectic solvents into the field of chemical engineering, including membrane science and technology. Even if just a same works have been currently reported in applying deep eutectic solvents in membranes, the consideration on this new type of solvents is continuously growing. New deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride (ChCl)–lactic acid (1:2 M ratio) was obtained and its electrochemical characteristics was studied. The synthesis of deep eutectic solvents was confirmed by FA nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry method. FTIR study provided further details into hydrogen bonding upon mixing. FTIR results confirmed that H-bonds, occurring between two components in deep eutectic solvents, were the main force leading to the eutectic formation. The frequency at 3221 cm−1 can be attributed to the oscillations of the O-H bond in the formation of OH-Cl-ChCl. The main physicochemical characteristics of deep eutectic solutions (density, pH) are determined. The electrochemical behavior was investigated of choline chloride (ChCl)–lactic acid deep eutectic solvent (DES) by cyclic voltammetry. The method of cyclic voltammetry found that the oxidation of deep eutectic solvents is fixed at a potential of Ea1 = 0.54 V.

Mechanistic Study on Surface Tension of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Choline Chloride, Ethylene Glycol and Water (Components of Aqueous Solutions of a Deep Eutectic Solvent, Ethaline)

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelyzaveta Rublova ◽  
Anna Kityk ◽  
Felix Danilov ◽  
Vyacheslav Protsenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures

AbstractThe paper reports the results of the measurement of surface tension in binary liquid mixtures containing choline chloride, ethylene glycol and water and ternary mixtures of ethaline (a eutectic mixture of ethylene glycol and choline chloride, the so-called deep eutectic solvent) with water. The surface tension is determined in a wide range of components’ concentration for the temperatures of 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C. The dependences of surface tension on the concentration of liquids are treated by means of Gibbs adsorption isotherm and linear form of Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The values of the equilibrium constant of adsorption at the interface liquid solution/air as well as the standard adsorption Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy are calculated for the binary and ternary mixtures under consideration. The obtained results are interpreted in the light of intermolecular interactions in fluids. Our findings show that ethylene glycol and choline cation interact with each other in the adsorbed surface layer formed at the interface between air and diluted solutions of ethaline.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Behavior and Electrodeposition of Sn Coating from Choline Chloride–Urea Deep Eutectic Solvents

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Xiaozhou Cao ◽  
Lulu Xu ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Siyi Li ◽  
Dong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Tungsten Electrode ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Nucleation Overpotential ◽  
And Diffusion

The electrochemical behavior and electrodeposition of Sn were investigated in choline chloride (ChCl)–urea deep eutectic solvents (DESs) containing SnCl2 by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry techniques. The electrodeposition of Sn(II) was a quasi-reversible, single-step two-electron-transfer process. The average transfer coefficient and diffusion coefficient of 0.2 M Sn(II) in ChCl–urea at 323 K were 0.29 and 1.35 × 10−9 cm2∙s−1. The nucleation overpotential decreased with the increase in temperature and SnCl2 concentration. The results of the chronoamperometry indicated that the Sn deposition on tungsten electrode occurred by three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation and diffusion controlled growth using the Scharifker–Hills model. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the morphology of the deposits is uniform, as a dense and compact film prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis on Cu substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the deposits were pure metallic Sn.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document