scholarly journals Effectiveness of Visual-Tactile Examination and DIAGNOdent Pen in Detecting Early Enamel Caries and Its Remineralisation: An In Vitro Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohammed Fadhil Rashid ◽  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ◽  
Mohamad Syahrizal Halim ◽  
Tahir Yusuf Noorani
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Occlusal Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Mousse

Background. The caries preventive effect of Colgate Duraphat® and GC Tooth Mousse Plus® has been widely studied, but the remineralisation potential of initial occlusal caries using these two remineralisation materials remains unclear. Aim. This study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the remineralisation of early enamel caries on the occlusal surface of permanent posterior teeth using ICDAS II caries scoring system and DIAGNOdent Pen (DDPen) after remineralisation with Colgate Duraphat® and GC Tooth Mousse Plus®. Materials and Methods. Extracted posterior teeth ( N = 120 ) with incipient occlusal caries were included in this study. The occlusal surface of each tooth was scored using DDPen and ICDAS II scoring before remineralisation. Then, remineralisation of the teeth of the experimental group was carried out using either CPP-ACP-F or fluoride varnish. After the remineralisation procedures, the occlusal surface of each tooth was again scored using DDPen and ICDAS II scoring. The teeth were then fixed in dental stone blocks and sectioned longitudinally for histological examination using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of DDPen and ICDAS II to detect remineralisation and compare with the gold standard histological examination. Results. According to ICDAS-II scores, a significant difference was noted in GC Tooth Mousse Plus® and Duraphat® study samples, whereas the difference between the pre-and post-remineralisation of the control group was not significant. According to the DDPen score criteria, a statistically significant difference was noted among all study groups; however, a greater significance level was noted in the GC Tooth Mousse Plus® and Duraphat® study samples compared with the control group. The Spearman’s rank correlation of ICDAS-II and DDPen with Downer’s histological score (gold standard) revealed a higher association of DDPen score (.738) as compared to ICDAS-II scores (.430). Conclusion. The study concluded that both ICDAS II and DDPen could detect remineralisation of early enamel occlusal caries. DDPen was more sensitive than ICDAS-II to detect remineralisation compared with the Downers histological scores.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Preoperative Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Pain After Lower Posterior Teeth Removal: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Abbas Haghighat ◽  
Shaqayeq Ramezanzade
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pain is one of the most common complications after tooth extraction and pain control is a crucial part of the procedure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of 0.2% (w/v) chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate mouth rinse on the severity of post-extraction pain. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted among 170 subjects. Subjects were instructed to rinse with 15 mL of CHX mouth rinse (study group) or placebo (control group) 0.5 to 1 hour before extraction. Post-operative pain was evaluated considering the number of taken rescue analgesics and using a visual analog scale (VAS) that each case completed 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the surgery. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed in this regard. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding demographic variables (P>0.05). The preoperative use of CHX mouth rinse showed a better performance in mitigating the perceived pain. A significant difference in the pain level (P=0.001) was found only at the 6th hour postoperatively although there was no significant difference in the pain level between the two groups (P>0.05) at all other times (12th, 24th, 48th hours). The total number of analgesics that were taken by the study group was significantly lower compared to the control group (P=0.042). Conclusions: The preoperative CHX mouth rinse could be a beneficial choice for reducing pain after simple tooth extractions.

scholarly journals Effect of an alcoholic diet on dental caries and on Streptococcus of the mutans group: study in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Zanini Kantorski ◽  
Daniela Martins de Souza ◽  
Verônica Quispe Yujra ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an alcohol diet on Streptococcus of the mutans group and on dental caries in the oral cavity of rats. Forty animals were divided into 3 groups according to the following liquid diets: 20% ethanol solution (Alcohol Group, AG), 27% sucrose solution (Isocaloric Group, IG), and water (Control Group, CG). After 56 days, samples were collected and plated on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar to assess the number of colony forming units (CFU/mL) of Streptococcus of the mutans group. The animals were sacrificed and the jaws were removed in order to assess the occurrence of dental caries on the smooth and occlusal surfaces using stereomicroscopy. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test. The average numbers of CFU/mL (10³) were: 8.17 (AG), 9.78 (IG), and 5.63 (CG). There was no significant difference among the groups for the occurrence of occlusal caries. Regarding smooth surface caries, in the upper jaw, the caries number in the IG (1.58) was similar to that in the AG (2.06) and in the CG (1.14), and the number of caries in the AG was higher than in the CG; in the lower jaw there was significant difference among the 3 groups: AG (1.14), IG (2.00) and CG (0.43). The diets with the alcohol and sucrose solutions presented a tendency of increasing the colonization by Streptococcus of the mutans group and of increasing the occurrence of smooth surface dental caries in rat molars when compared to the control diet.

scholarly journals SOPROLIFE System: An Accurate Diagnostic Enhancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Zeitouny ◽  
Mireille Feghali ◽  
Assaad Nasr ◽  
Philippe Abou-Samra ◽  
Nadine Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Icdas Ii

Objectives.The aim of this study was to evaluate a light-emitting diode fluorescence tool, the SOPROLIFE light-induced fluorescence evaluator, and compare it to the international caries detection and assessment system-II (ICDAS-II) in the detection of occlusal caries. Methods. A total of 219 permanent posterior teeth in 21 subjects, with age ranging from 15 to 65 years, were examined. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed to assess the reliability between the two diagnostic methods.Results.The results showed a high reliability between the two methods (ICC = 0.92; IC = 0.901–0.940;P<0.001). The SOPROLIFE blue fluorescence mode had a high sensitivity (87%) and a high specificity (99%) when compared to ICDAS-II.Conclusion.Compared to the most used visual method in the diagnosis of occlusal caries lesions, the finding from this study suggests that SOPROLIFE can be used as a reproducible and reliable assessment tool. At a cut-off point, categorizing noncarious lesions and visual change in enamel, SOPROLIFE shows a high sensitivity and specificity. We can conclude that financially ICDAS is better than SOPROLIFE. However SOPROLIFE is easier for clinicians since it is a simple evaluation of images. Finally in terms of efficiency SOPROLIFE is not superior to ICDAS but tends to be equivalent with the same advantages.

scholarly journals The relationship of occlusal disharmonies and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Dodic ◽  
Darinka Stanisic-Sinobad ◽  
Miroslav Vukadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Contact Position

Introduction: The influence of occlusal condition on the onset of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been strongly debated for many years and is still the source of controversy. Until 1980s, the occlusal factors such as the presence of uncured malocclusions, discrepancies between intercuspal position (ICP) and retruded contact position (RCP) greater than two millimeters, occlusal abnormality, particularly mediotrusion and retrusion, and loss of posterior teeth were considered the primary causes of TMD. Objective: The objective of our study was to find correlation of occlusion disharmonies (difference between ICP and RCP) and present sings and symptoms of TMD. Method: The study involved 60 subjects between 18 and 26 years of age who were divided in two groups. The study group consisted of 30 subjects between 18 and 26 years of age with sings and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). TMD was confirmed according to Helkimo index. An average value of Helkimo index in this group was 1. The control group included 30 subjects between 20 and 25 years of age without TMD sings and symptoms. An average value of Helkimo index in this group was 0. The function analysis of cinematic centers position in RCP and ICP was performed in each subject using the computer pantograph Arcus-Digma (KaVo EWL GmbH, Leutkirch, Germany). Results: The results of our study showed that the translation tracing of cinematic points from RCP to ICP was significantly different in TMD subjects and asymptomatic group (p>0.16). In addition, the study revealed that 53.4 % of subjects with sings and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders had marked translation in the lower temporomandibular joint (0.61-1.2 mm) what directed to intracapsular disorders. Conclusion: The results of our study suggested significant difference of RCP and ICP between subjects with sings and symptoms of the temporomandibular disorders and subjects without sings and symptoms.

Diagnostic Performance of Different Methods in Detecting Incipient Non-Cavitated Occlusal Caries Lesions in Permanent Teeth

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Murat Ünal ◽  
Arzu Koçkanat ◽  
Seniha Güler ◽  
Esra Gültürk
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Icdas Ii

Aim: This in vitro study was aimed to investigate the performance of the new caries detection tools on the incipient occlusal caries. Study design: In our study, 100 permanent molar teeth, which were considered to have incipient, enamel caries (D1 and D2 threshold values) according to ICDAS II score. After the visual examination, caries measurements have been applied to all teeth by using DIAGNOdent pen (DP), CarieScan PRO (CP) and SoproLife camera (SC). In addition, in vitro examinations were repeated 2 weeks later. After sectioning and evaluation in stereomicroscope, the lesion depth was determined with histological criteria that are accepted for the gold standard for this research. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the ROC curve were calculated at D1 and D2 thresholds. The intra-examiners' reproducibility were analysed using Cohen's kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Intra-examiner repeatability values varied from 0.94 to 0.99 and kappa values ranged from 0.90 to 0.99. While the highest sensitivity and specificity value showed for SC at D1 and D2 thresholds, CP presented the lowest values. The area under ROC curves (Az) varied from 0.70 to 0.99. ICDAS II showed the highest area under ROC curves (Az). Conclusions: ICDAS II, visual diagnostic method by itself is considered to sufficient in order to diagnose incipient occlusal caries. SC may be used as an alternative method for the ICDAS II, since its advantages by displaying caries lesion on the computer monitor, follow-up and motivation of the patients provided.

scholarly journals Effects of Homemade Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Olive Oil Paste on Remineralization of Early Caries Lesions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Dina Erdilek ◽  
Sevdiye Burke ◽  
Merve Şahin ◽  
Ata Efes ◽  
Begüm Güray Efes
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Caries Lesions

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles are a new generation of materials reported to remineralize enamel lesions. The purpose we aimed was to compare the in vitro effects of fluoride gel, sodium fluoride toothpaste, and homemade nHAP paste on remineralizing artificial early enamel caries. Methods:  Incipient caries were induced in 21 extracted, sound premolar teeth by storing each specimen in a demineralization solution for 72 hours, followed by pH cycling. The samples (n= 7, each) were then treated with 2% neutral fluoride gel, 0.25% sodium fluoride toothpaste, or homemade nHAP paste, comprising a mixture of nHAP powder and olive oil. After demineralization and remineralization, the results were compared using the DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Germany). The data were statistically analyzed using paired t-tests and a one-way ANOVA test. Outcomes: The degree of demineralization in each of the three groups (fluoride gel group, 15.71; sodium fluoride dentifrice group, 15.28; nHAP paste group, 16.71) was significantly elevated compared to baseline (3, 2.5, 2.28, respectively); however, no significant difference was observed between the remineralization readings in each of the three groups (6, 7, 5.5, respectively) (p > 0.05). In conclusion, we concluded that the homemade nHAP paste had a beneficial effect on the remineralization of initial enamel caries lesions.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System II and its e-learning program to freshman dental students on occlusal caries detection

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem M. El-Damanhoury ◽  
Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ◽  
Manal A. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Dental Students ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Occlusal Caries ◽  
Occlusal Caries Detection ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Icdas Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Learning

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the feasibility of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II and its e-learning program as tools for occlusal caries detection to freshmen dental students in comparison to dental graduates with 2 years of experience. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four freshmen and 32 dental graduates examined occlusal surfaces of molars/premolars (n = 72) after a lecture and a hands-on workshop. The same procedure was repeated after 1 month following the training with ICDAS II e-learning program. Validation of ICDAS II codes was done histologically. Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of ICDAS II severity scores were assessed before and after e-learning using (Fleiss's kappa). Results: The kappa values showed inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.53 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.70 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by undergraduates and 0.69 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.95 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by graduates. The inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.64 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.89 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3). No statistically significant difference was found between both groups in intra-examiner agreements for assessing ICDAS II codes. A high statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) in correct identification of codes 1, 2, and 4 from before to after e-learning were observed in both groups. The bias indices for the undergraduate group were higher than those of the graduate group. Conclusions: Early exposure of students to ICDAS II is a valuable method of teaching caries detection and its e-learning program significantly improves their caries diagnostic skills.

scholarly journals Orthodontic debonding and tooth sensitivity of anterior and posterior teeth:

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-773
Author(s):  
Andrea Scribante ◽  
Simone Gallo ◽  
Razvan Lucian Celmare ◽  
Vincenzo D'Antò ◽  
Cristina Grippaudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Thermal Stimuli ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess whether orthodontic debonding and onset of tooth sensitivity were related and if anterior and posterior teeth showed different sensitivity. Materials and Methods 40 patients were divided into a trial group (group 1, at the end of the multibracket treatment) and a control group (group 2, not under treatment). After the application of compressed air and cold water to mandibular incisors and first molars, participants were asked to report the pain felt for each tooth using a 100-mm visual analogue scale. In group 1, assessment was performed just before debonding (T0), immediately after completion of debonding (T1) and 7 days after (T2). In group 2, values were assessed at the beginning of a follow-up visit (T0), at the end of the same visit (T1) and 7 days after (T2). Results Considering overall teeth, statistical analyses showed significantly higher values in the trial group at T1 after both stimuli, especially after cold water, besides a significant difference between T0 and T2 values in the same group. Anterior teeth showed significantly higher VAS scores than posterior after the two thermal stimuli, except after air stimulation in group 1 at T2 and in group 2. Conclusions Orthodontic debonding leads to sensitivity to thermal stimuli especially in the anterior teeth, however pain level is restored within 7 days.

scholarly journals Effect of fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment on DMFT-index

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Efka Zabokova-Bilbilova ◽  
Emilija Sefanovska ◽  
Aneta Mijoska ◽  
Olga Kokoceva-Ivanovska
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Tooth Mousse ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliance

The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in dental status during fixed orthodontic treatment. A total of 60 patients with diagnosed malocclusion were included. Subjects were divided in 3 groups (20 subjects in each group). The first group was treated with dental cream GC Tooth Mousse, and the second group with Fluorogal - solution with a low concentration of fluoride (0.05% F). Control group comprised 20 patients. All subjects received precise instructions for oral hygiene and exclusion of dietary intake before fixed orthodontic appliance was placed and during each control. In our study clinical oral health status (DMFT-index) was registered before and at the end of the orthodontic treatment. The subjects treated with dental cream GC Tooth Mousse at the end of the orthodontic treatment had increased DMFT-index 5.85 in comparison to the beginning of the treatment, where the average value of the index was 5.25 (however, the difference was not statistically significant). A statistically significant difference between medium values of the DMFT-index before and after the orthodontic treatment was detected in the control group. The results of this study show that DMFT-index increased in a group of dental patients undergoing orthodontic therapy with fixed appliances. The patients must follow good instructions, motivation, and control of oral hygiene during the treatment. Key words: carious lesions, fixed orthodontic appliance

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN PENETRATION DEPTH OF RESIN-BASED MATERIALS INTO WHITE SPOT LESION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Mohamed Adel Mohamed ◽  
Abdallah A. Abdalhady ◽  
K.M Noaman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Self Etch

Purpose: This study conducts an in vitro comparison of the depth of penetration of a resin infiltrant material (Icon), a two-step self-etch resin-based material (OptiBondTM XTR), and a solvent-free self-etch resin-based material (Bond-1SF) into white spot lesions (WSLs).Methodology: Through an in vitro clinical trial, a total of 60 human posterior teeth, free from caries, were collected. The buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth were marked, resulting in a total of 120 samples of surfaces, which represented the operational sample size. The samples were randomly divided into four equal main groups (n = 30) according to the materials used. Group 1 (M1) was the control group. Group 2 (M2) was restored using Icon, Group 3 (M3) using OptiBondTM XTR, and Group 4 (M4) using Bond-1SF. Each group was divided into two equal groups (n = 15) according to the surface treatment, and the first group (W1) was subjected to surface treatment but the second group (W2) was not. The resin penetration depth was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy.Findings: The highest penetration depth was recorded for Group 2 with surface treatment (M2W1), and the lowest was recorded for Group 4 without surface treatment (M4W2). An analysis of variance test revealed a statistically significant difference in the penetration depth of tested materials (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Icon shows the best penetration depth value in relation to WSLs, whereas Bond-1SF shows the worst. Surface treatment has a positive effect on the penetration depth of the resin-based materials.

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