Lifetime ambient ultraviolet radiation exposure and risk of basal cell carcinoma by anatomic site in a nationwide US cohort, 1983-2005

Abstract Background Basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC) is the most common cancer in populations of European ancestry. Although consistently linked with basal cell carcinoma of the skin in case-control studies, few prospective cohort studies have evaluated the shape of the exposure-response of basal cell carcinoma associated with cumulative radiant solar ultraviolet exposure (UVR). Methods We followed 63,912 white cancer-free US radiologic technologists from entry (1983–1998) to exit (2003–2005) with known ultraviolet irradiance at up to 5 residential locations. Using generalized-additive and relative risk models we analyzed the exposure-response of basal cell carcinomas associated with ambient cumulative ultraviolet radiant exposure using ground-based National Solar Radiation database Average Daily Total Global data and satellite-based National Aeronautics and Space Administration Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer data. Results There were 2151 technologists with an incident primary basal cell carcinoma. Risk of basal cell carcinoma rose with increasing cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure using both measures, such that 1 MJ cm− 2 increased basal cell carcinoma risk by 8.48 (95% CI 5.22, 11.09, p < 0.001) and by 10.15 (95% CI 6.67, 13.10, p < 0.001) per 10,000 persons per year using the Average Daily Total Global and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer ultraviolet data, respectively; relative risk was likewise elevated. There was some evidence of upward curvature in the cumulative ultraviolet exposure response using both exposure measures with a greater increase in risk of basal cell carcinoma at higher levels of ultraviolet radiation exposure, but less evidence for curvature in relative risk. There are indications of substantial variation of relative risk with time after exposure and age at exposure, so that risk is highest for the period 10–14 years after ultraviolet radiation exposure and for those exposed under the age of 25. Conclusions We observed increases in risk of basal cell carcinoma and a similar exposure-response for ground-based and satellite ultraviolet radiation measures. Our observations suggest that interventions should concentrate on persons with higher levels of ultraviolet radiation exposure.

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Effects of ultraviolet radiation exposure on FOXP3+ infiltration in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma

Photodermatology Photoimmunology & Photomedicine ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0781.2011.00616.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 297-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ling Chen ◽

Zhu Shen ◽

Jinjin Wu

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure

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Superficial basal cell carcinoma: A comparison of superficial only subtype with superficial combined with other subtypes by age, sex and anatomic site in 3150 cases

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology ◽

10.1111/cup.12959 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (8) ◽

pp. 677-683 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John H. Pyne ◽

Esther Myint ◽

Elizabeth M. Barr ◽

Simon P. Clark ◽

Michael David ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma

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Micronodular basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum: a case report and review of the literature

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-03124-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Younes ◽

Lamia Kouba ◽

Hanaa Almsokar ◽

Ayham Badran

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Excisional Biopsy ◽

Histological Subtypes ◽

Main Risk Factor ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Exposed Skin ◽

First Case ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure

Abstract Introduction Basal cell carcinoma is the most common nonmelanotic skin cancer. It has variable clinical and histological subtypes that vary in their aggressiveness and liability to recurrence and metastasis. Chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure is considered to be the main risk factor for developing basal cell carcinoma; therefore, it typically arises on sun-exposed skin, mainly the head and neck. Case presentation We present the case of a 55-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a lesion on the scrotum for 2 years. The lesion was clinically presumed benign and initially treated with curettage. Microscopic examination revealed an incompletely resected micronodular basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. Therefore, a second excisional biopsy was performed to completely excise the incidentally discovered malignant tumor. Conclusion We report the first case of micronodular basal cell carcinoma arising on the scrotum. The goal of our article is to draw clinicians’ attention to the possible involvement of unexposed skin with basal cell carcinoma, and we highlight the importance of accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment due to the aggressive nature of micronodular basal cell carcinoma.

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Changes in Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure to the Ocular Region: A Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11050719 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 719 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ezekiel Weis ◽

Sebastian Q. Vrouwe ◽

David B. LeBaron ◽

Matthew B. Parliament ◽

Jerry Shields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Group Versus ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

The Body ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Males And Females

In contrast to the well-established association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and skin cancers, the relationship between UVR and uveal malignant melanoma (UM) remains controversial. To address this controversy, we evaluated the incidence rates of cutaneous malignancies in the eyelids as a proxy for UVR exposure in the ocular region using a population-based cancer registry. Overall, 74,053 cases of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7890 cases of melanoma over a 26-year period (1982–2007) were analyzed. The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma remained stable, whereas other cutaneous areas demonstrated an increase in the rates. A comparability test demonstrated that BCC incidence trends were significantly different between the eyelid versus both chronically exposed (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.01) and intermittently exposed skin (males and females, p = 0.0002), as well as the skin of the face (males p = 0.002; females p = 0.02). Similarly, melanoma trends were significantly different between the UM group versus both chronically exposed cutaneous melanoma (CM) (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.04) and intermittently exposed CM (males p = 0.005), as well as facial skin CM (males and females p = 0.0002). The discrepancy of cancer incidence between tumors in the peri-ocular region versus the rest of the body suggests that the peri-ocular region might have a different or unique exposure pattern to ultraviolet radiation.

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Basal cell carcinoma: variation in invasion depth by subtype, sex, and anatomic site in 4,565 cases

Dermatology Practical & Conceptual ◽

10.5826/dpc.0804a13 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 314-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John Pyne ◽

Esther Mint ◽

Elizabeth Barr ◽

Simon Clark ◽

Ruihang Hou

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Case Series ◽

Depth Of Invasion ◽

Consecutive Case ◽

Invasion Depth ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Depth Variation

Background: The depth of invasion by basal cell carcinoma (BCC) subtypes varies. Objective: To investigate BCC invasion depth variation by subtype and anatomic site. Method: A prospective consecutive case series of excised BCC from 2009 to 2014 in a single Australian clinic. Results: Descending mean depths for a total of 4,565 BCC cases by subtype were as follows: nodulocystic, 1.9 mm (n = 84, 95% CI: 1.70–2.03, P = 0.66); nodular, 1.6 mm (n = 947, 95% CI: 1.53–1.63, P < 0.0001); aggressive, 1.5 mm (n = 925, 95% CI: 1.44–1.59, P < 0.0001); superficial combined with nodular, 0.9 mm (n = 1,081, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90, P < 0.0001); and superficial, 0.3 mm (n = 1,528, 95% CI: 0.32-0.36, P < 0.0001). Deeper invasion was associated with increased chronic sunlight exposed sites. The deepest aggressive BCCs occurred on the neck with a mean depth of 1.8 mm (n = 46, 95% CI: 1.47–2.21). Conclusion: We found significant differences in the depth of invasion for BCCs by sex, subtype, and anatomic site. For BCC with characteristics matching this study, overall adequate microscopic excision depths are proposed: superficial, 1.0 mm; superficial combined with nodular, 2.0 mm; nodular, 3.0 mm; and aggressive, 3.0 mm.

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