Change in Blood and Benign Breast Biomarkers in Women Undergoing a Weight Loss Intervention Randomized to High Dose ω-3 Fatty Acids vs Placebo

AbstractBackgroundFish is considered an important part of a healthy diet and is frequently recommended as a main course at least twice a week.ObjectiveTo study the frequency of fish consumption among young overweight European adults and their compliance to varying seafood consumption in weight loss intervention diets.DesignAfter meeting the inclusion criteria, the subject’s seafood intake was evaluated. Subjects were randomly assigned into four groups and were advised energy-restricted diets for 8 weeks, including no seafood (control), cod, salmon or fish oil. A validated FFQ was used to evaluate the consumption of seafood at baseline, midpoint and endpoint, and long-chain n-3 fatty acids in blood erythrocytes were measured.SettingIceland, Ireland and Spain.SubjectsThe sample (n 324); 20–40-year-olds with BMI = 27·5–32·5 kg/m2; 85 % participated.ResultsAt baseline, 34 % of the participants reported eating fish at least twice a week as the main course. During the intervention, six participants reported that they did not finish their fish portions, 15 % of the participants consumed small amount of fish additional to the study protocol in weeks 1–4 and 23 % in weeks 5–8 (P = 0·010). Changes in erythrocyte long-chain n-3 fatty acids confirmed good compliance, with increases in the salmon (P < 0·001) and fish oil (P < 0·001) groups, smaller increase in the cod group (P = 0·037) and decrease in the control group (P = 0·030).ConclusionFrequency of fish consumption among 66 % of young European overweight adults is lower than frequently recommended. Compliance to varying seafood consumption was good. Therefore, including more fish in the diet of this group should be encouraged.

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Changes in Dietary Intake with Varying Doses of Physical Activity Within a Weight Loss Intervention: The Heart Health Study

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa066_014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1759-1759

Author(s):

Carli Liguori ◽

Renee Rogers ◽

John Jakicic

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Health Study ◽

High Dose ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Weight Loss Intervention ◽

Behavioral Weight Loss ◽

Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention ◽

Successful Weight Loss

Abstract Objectives Successful weight loss interventions often require a multipronged approach. The need for interventions that incorporate both physical activity and dietary methodologies is apparent. The present study aimed to assess whether there were differential effects on dietary change within the context of a behavioral weight loss intervention that included different doses of physical activity. Methods Participants (N = 383; Age = 44.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI = 32.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2) were randomized to a reduced calorie diet (DIET, N = 127), diet plus a moderate dose of physical activity (MOD-EX, N = 129), or diet plus a high dose of physical activity (HIGH-EX, N = 127). All groups received weekly in-person intervention sessions for months 1–6, with combined in-person and telephonic sessions for months 7–12. Diet was prescribed at 1200–1800 kcal/day. MOD-EX was prescribed physical activity that progressed to 150 min/wk and HIGH-EX progressed to 250 min/wk. Physical activity, weight, and dietary intake were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed using the DHQII questionnaire. Results Retention at 12 months was 86.6% in DIET, 80.6% in MOD-EX, and 83.5% in HIGH-EX. Physical activity at 0 and 12 months was 65.4 ± 73.8 and 88.2 ± 104.3 min/wk in DIET; 68.7 ± 93.8 and 179.1 ± 125.3 min/wk in MOD-EX; and 71.5 ± 84.4 and 228.8 ± 148.3 min/wk in HIGH-EX (Group X Time P < 0.001). Weight decreased at 12 months (DIET: −9.9 ± 8.3 kg, MOD-EX: −10.8 ± 8.2 kg, HIGH-EX: −9.5 ± 7.3 kg) (P < 0.001), with no difference between groups. Energy intake decreased from baseline in all groups (6 mo: −495 ± 25.8 kcal/day, 12 mo: −502 ± 25.0 kcal/day) (P < 0.001). Percent dietary fat intake decreased (6 mo: −5.0 ± 0.4%, 12 mo: −3.8 ± 0.4%) (P < 0.001), whereas there was a non-significant increase in % carbohydrate intake (6 mo: 3.5 ± 0.4%, 12 mo: 3.0 ± 0.5%) and % protein intake (6 mo: 1.3 ± 0.2%, 12 mo: 1.0 ± 0.2%), with no difference between groups. Conclusions Weight loss was observed in all the interventions and physical activity did not enhance the weight loss that was observed. Also, the changes in diet that included reducing calories and fat intake were not impacted by the addition of physical activity. These findings have implications for interventions for weight loss in adults with obesity. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health.

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