Patterns of Cortical Thickness according to APOE Genotype in Alzheimer’s Disease

Background: The global race-dependent association of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is not well understood. Transethnic analysis of APOE could clarify the role of genetics in AD risk across populations. Objective: This study aims to determine how race and APOE genotype affect the risks for AD. Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library since 1993 to Aug 25, 2020. A total of 10,395 reports were identified, and 133 were eligible for analysis with data on 77,402 participants. Studies contained AD clinical diagnostic and APOE genotype data. Homogeneous data sets were pooled in case-control analyses. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for developing AD were calculated for populations of different races and APOE genotypes. Results: The proportion of APOE genotypes and alleles differed between populations of different races. Results showed that APOE ɛ4 was a risk factor for AD, whereas APOE ɛ2 protected against it. The effects of APOE ɛ4 and ɛ2 on AD risk were distinct in various races, they were substantially attenuated among Black people. Sub-group analysis found a higher frequency of APOE ɛ4/ɛ4 and lower frequency of APOE ɛ3/ɛ3 among early-onset AD than late-onset AD in a combined group and different races. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that the association of APOE genotypes and AD differ between races. These results enhance our understanding of APOE-related risk for AD across race backgrounds and provide new insights into precision medicine for AD.

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The role of decreased cortical thickness and volume of medial temporal lobe structures in predicting incident psychosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a prospective longitudinal MRI study

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.jagp.2021.04.015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Young-Min Lee ◽

Je-Min Park ◽

Byung-Dae Lee ◽

Eunsoo Moon ◽

Hee-Jeong Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Medial Temporal Lobe ◽

Longitudinal Mri ◽

Mri Study ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

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Elevated norepinephrine metabolism is linked to cortical thickness in the context of Alzheimer's disease pathology

Neurobiology of Aging ◽

10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.01.024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

Roy W.E. van Hooren ◽

Frans R.J. Verhey ◽

Inez H.G.B. Ramakers ◽

Willemijn J. Jansen ◽

Heidi I.L. Jacobs

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Norepinephrine Metabolism

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Breast Cancer, Alzheimer’s Disease, and APOE4 Allele in the UK Biobank Cohort

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports ◽

10.3233/adr-200266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 49-53

Author(s):

Steven Lehrer ◽

Peter H. Rheinstein

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Apoe Genotype ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Apoe4 Allele ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Uk ◽

Cognitive Problems

Background: Cognitive problems are common in breast cancer patients. The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene, a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), may be associated with cancer-related cognitive decline. Objective: To further evaluate the effects of the APOE4 allele, we studied a cohort of patients from the UK Biobank (UKB) who had breast cancer; some also had AD. Methods: Our analysis included all subjects with invasive breast cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for rs 429358 and rs 7412 was used to determine APOE genotypes. Cognitive function as numeric memory was assessed with an online test (UKB data field 20240). Results: We analyzed data from 2,876 women with breast cancer. Of the breast cancer subjects, 585 (20%) carried the APOE4 allele. Numeric memory scores were significantly lower in APOE4 carriers and APOE4 homozygotes than non-carriers (p = 0.046). 34 breast cancer subjects (1.1%) had AD. There was no significant difference in survival among genotypes ɛ3/ɛ3, ɛ3/ɛ4, and ɛ4/ɛ4. Conclusion: UKB data suggest that cognitive problems in women with breast cancer are, for the most part, mild, compared with other sequelae of the disease. AD, the worst cognitive problem, is relatively rare (1.1%) and, when it occurs, APOE genotype has little impact on survival.

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