p53 Immunohistochemistry for Distinguishing Reactive Mesothelium from Low Grade Ovarian Carcinoma

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ander Pindzola ◽  
Albert J. Kovatich ◽  
Marluce Bibbo
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
P53 Immunohistochemistry

MOLECULAR AND GENETIC SUBTYPES OF OVARIAN CANCER: PROSPECTS FOR FURTHER STUDIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Alisa Villert ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets ◽  
Natalya Yunusova ◽  
Yevgeniya Fesik
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Genetic Subtypes

High-grade ovarian carcinoma is a histopathological diagnosis, however, at the molecular level, ovarian cancer represents a heterogeneous group of diseases. Studies aimed at identifying molecular genetic subtypes of ovarian cancer are conducted in order to find the answer to the question: can different molecular subgroups influence the choice of treatment? One of the achievements in this trend is the recognition of the dualistic model that categorizes various types of ovarian cancer into two groups designated high-grade (HG) and low-grade (LG) tumors. However, the tumor genome sequencing data suggest the existence of 6 ovarian carcinoma subtypes, including two LG and four HG subtypes. Subtype C1 exhibits a high stromal response and the lowest survival. Subtypes C2 and C4 demonstrate higher number of intratumoral CD3 + cells, lower stromal gene expression and better survival than sybtype C1. Subtype C5 (mesenchymal) is characterized by mesenchymal cells, over-expression of N-cadherin and P-cadherin, low expression of differentiation markers, and lower survival rates than C2 and C4. The use of a consensus algorithm to determine the subtype allows identification of only a minority of ovarian carcinomas (approximately 25%) therefore, the practical importance of this classification requires additional research. There is evidence that it makes sense to randomize tumors into groups with altered expression of angiogenic genes and groups with overexpression of the immune response genes, as in the angiogenic group there is a comparative superiority in terms of survival. The administration of bevacizumab in the angiogenic group improves survival, while the administration of bevacizumab in the immune group even worsens the outcome. Molecular subtypes with worse survival rates (proliferative and mesenchymal) also benefit most from bevacizumab treatment. This review focuses on some of the advances in understanding molecular, cellular, and genetic changes in ovarian carcinomas with the results achieved so far regarding the formulation of molecular subtypes of ovarian cancer, however further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Biomarkers as a Surrogate of Molecular Analysis in Ovarian Carcinomas: A Review of the Literature

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Santandrea ◽  
Simonetta Piana ◽  
Riccardo Valli ◽  
Magda Zanelli ◽  
Elisa Gasparini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Novel Target

The term “ovarian carcinoma” encompasses at least five different malignant neoplasms: high-grade serous carcinoma, low-grade serous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, and clear cell carcinoma. These five histotypes demonstrated distinctive histological, molecular, and clinical features. The rise of novel target therapies and of a tailored oncological approach has demanded an integrated multidisciplinary approach in the setting of ovarian carcinoma. The need to implement a molecular-based classification in the worldwide diagnostic and therapeutic setting of ovarian cancer demanded a search for easy-to-use and cost-effective molecular-surrogate biomarkers, relying particularly on immunohistochemical analysis. The present review focuses on the role of immunohistochemistry as a surrogate of molecular analysis in the everyday diagnostic approach to ovarian carcinomas.

scholarly journals Trends of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Matsuo ◽  
Hiroko Machida ◽  
Brendan H. Grubbs ◽  
Anil K. Sood ◽  
David M. Gershenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

scholarly journals Low-grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 972-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Ricciardi ◽  
Thaïs Baert ◽  
Beyhan Ataseven ◽  
Florian Heitz ◽  
Sonia Prader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Separate Entity ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractIn the early 2000s a two-tier grading system was introduced for serous ovarian cancer. Since then, we have increasingly come to accept that low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is a separate entity with a unique mutational landscape and clinical behaviour. As less than 10% of serous carcinomas of the ovary are low-grade, they are present in only a small number of patients in clinical trials for ovarian cancer. Therefore the current treatment of LGSOC is based on smaller trials, retrospective series, and subgroup analysis of large clinical trials on ovarian cancer. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of patients with LGSOC. In the systemic treatment of LGSOC, hormonal treatment and targeted therapies seem to play an important role.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Approach to Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: State of Art and Perspectives of Clinical Research

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Angiolo Gadducci ◽  
Stefania Cosio
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Mek Inhibitors ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Fertility Sparing ◽  
Molecularly Targeted Agents

Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is a distinct pathologic and clinical entity, characterized by less aggressive biological behavior, lower sensitivity to chemotherapy and longer survival compared with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. LGSOC often harbors activating mutations of genes involved in mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Patients with disease confined to the gonad(s) should undergo bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, total hysterectomy and comprehensive surgical staging, although fertility-sparing surgery can be considered in selected cases. Women with stage IA-IB disease should undergo observation alone after surgery, whereas observation, chemotherapy or endocrine therapy are all possible options for those with stage IC-IIA disease. Patients with advanced disease should undergo primary debulking surgery with the aim of removing all macroscopically detectable disease, whereas neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debuking surgery. After surgery, the patients can receive either carboplatin plus paclitaxel followed by endocrine therapy or endocrine therapy alone. Molecularly targeted agents, and especially MEK inhibitors and Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, are currently under evaluation. Additional research on the genomics of LGSOC and clinical trials on the combination of MEK inhibitors with hormonal agents, other molecularly targeted agents or metformin, are strongly warranted to improve the prognosis of patients with this malignancy.

Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: an evolution toward targeted therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1619-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis A Voutsadakis
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Precursor Lesions ◽  
Molecular Defects ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and its high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma counterpart differ in their precursor lesions, molecular profile, natural history, and response to therapies. As such, low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma needs to be studied separately from high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, despite challenges stemming from its rarity. A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and the most common molecular defects and pathways involved in the carcinogenesis of the ovarian epithelium from normal to serous borderline ovarian tumors to low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma will help develop better therapies. By adopting targeted approaches there may be an opportunity to integrate novel therapies without the need for robust numbers in clinical trials. This manuscript will discuss low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and focus on the arising treatments being developed with an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease.

Use of adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
J.K. Oh ◽  
D. Nasioudis ◽  
S. Gysler ◽  
E.M. Ko ◽  
M.A. Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

scholarly journals Ultrasound, macroscopic and histological features of serous epithelial ovarian carcinomas

2020 ◽  
pp. ijgc-2020-001473
Author(s):  
Paola Romeo ◽  
Damiano Arciuolo ◽  
Maria Cristina Moruzzi ◽  
Francesca Moro
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Carcinomas

We present a video showing two cases of serous epithelial ovarian carcinomas. The first video shows clinical, ultrasound, macroscopic, and histological features of a patient with high grade serous ovarian carcinoma. The second video presents clinical, ultrasound, macroscopic, and histological features of a patient with low grade serous ovarian carcinoma.

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