scholarly journals Unmasking Cryptococcal Meningitis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome due to Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Use in a Patient with a Poorly Differentiated Germ Cell Neoplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan C. Bahr ◽  
James Wallace ◽  
Anne E.P. Frosch ◽  
David R. Boulware
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Cell Neoplasm ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Stimulating Factor

scholarly journals A Case of Steroid-Responsive, COVID-19 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Following the Use of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Mertens ◽  
Yassine Laghrib ◽  
Chris Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
First Case ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Additional Therapy ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract We present a case report of a 54-year-old male with metastasized nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting to the hospital with dyspnea, anorexia and fever. Examination revealed chemotherapy-induced pancytopenia. The patient tested positive for SARSCoV-2, but respiratory complications were mild. The patient was treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) leading to amelioration of the neutropenia. However, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurred, prompting the diagnosis of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). GCSF is currently investigated as additional therapy in ARDS, but this case report emphasizes that risks and benefits must be carefully assessed. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of IRIS-induced ARDS in a COVID-19 patient.

Impact of Granulocyte-colony Stimulating Factor on Bleomycin-induced Pneumonitis in Chemotherapy-treated Germ Cell Tumors

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e193-e199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond M. Kwan ◽  
Sophie Beck ◽  
Eitan Amir ◽  
Michael A. Jewett ◽  
Jeremy F. Sturgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Stimulating Factor

scholarly journals HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome is Associated with Aberrant T Cell Function and Increased Cytokine Responses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Meya ◽  
Samuel Okurut ◽  
Godfrey Zziwa ◽  
Stephen Cose ◽  
David R. Boulware ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
T Cell Memory ◽  
Cell Memory ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Cryptococcal meningitis remains a significant opportunistic infection among HIV-infected patients, contributing 15%-20% of HIV-related mortality. A complication of initiating Antiretroviral therapy (ART) following opportunistic infection is Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). IRIS afflicts 10-30% of HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM), but its immunopathogenesis is poorly understood. We compared circulating T cell memory subsets and cytokine responses among 17 HIV-infected Ugandans with CM: 11 with and 6 without CM-IRIS. At meningitis diagnosis, stimulation with cryptococcal capsule component, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) elicited consistently lower frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory subsets expressing intracellular cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-17) among subjects who subsequently developed CM-IRIS. After ART initiation, T cells evolved to show a decreased CD8+ central memory phenotype. At the onset of CM-IRIS, stimulation more frequently generated polyfunctional IL-2+/IL-17+ CD4+ T cells in patients with CM-IRIS. Moreover, CD8+ central and effector memory T cells from CM-IRIS subjects also demonstrated more robust IL-2 responses to antigenic stimulation vs. controls. Thus, ART during CM elicits distinct differences in T cell cytokine production in response to cryptococcal antigens both prior to and during the development of IRIS, suggesting an immunologic foundation for the development of this morbid complication of CM infection.

scholarly journals The effect of primary granulocyte-colony stimulating factor prophylaxis on incidence of febrile neutropenia in patients with testicular germ cell tumors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17056-e17056
Author(s):  
Nikola Hapakova ◽  
Michal Chovanec ◽  
Katarina Rejlekova ◽  
Katarina Kalavska ◽  
Jana Obertova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
First Line ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Stimulating Factor

e17056 Background: Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent only one percent of all solid tumors; however, they are the most common solid malignancy in men 15-35 years old. Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a grievous complication of chemotherapy, frequently occurring in GCT patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the effect of primary granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis on the incidence of FN in GCT patients. Methods: This study was conducted using the National Cancer Institute medical records database. Patients diagnosed with germ cell tumors treated with first line/adjuvant chemotherapy at the National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia from January 2000 to December 2017 were eligible. Starting in January 2006, patients received G-CSF prophylaxis after every cycle of chemotherapy. Results: Out of 393 patients, 265 patients received primary G-CSF prophylaxis and 128 patients did not receive prophylaxis. The majority of patients (69.97%) were treated with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy. There were 61 deaths (15.5%) in our study population. 2- and 5-year OS of the study group was 86.8% and 83.1%, respectively. During the study period, 71 patients (18.1%) suffered FN events. Out of 128 patients who did not receive primary prophylaxis, 42 (32.8%) patients suffered FN, while only 29 (10.9%) patients with primary prophylaxis suffered FN ( P = 0.0000001). On subgroup analysis, FN incidence decreased in all groups with primary prophylaxis, except for patients with stage I GCT receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients receiving G-CSF prophylaxis had significantly longer overall survival when compared to patients without prophylaxis. (HR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.75; P = 0.0009). Conclusions: Primary G-CSF prophylaxis was associated with significantly decreased FN incidence and longer overall survival in patients treated with first line chemotherapy and should be consider in all patients except stage I disease.

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