Burden of Traumatic Brain Injury in New Zealand: Incidence, Prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden Te Ao ◽  
Martin Tobias ◽  
Shanthi Ameratunga ◽  
Kathryn McPherson ◽  
Alice Theadom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Mild Tbi ◽  
Health Loss ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

Objective: The study aimed to estimate the incidence, prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in New Zealand (NZ) in 2010. Methods: A multi-state life table model was constructed using inputs from the Brain Injury Outcomes New Zealand in the Community study for the first-ever incidence of TBI in a lifetime and its severity distribution, from the NZ Ministry of Health's Mortality Collection for the data on TBI mortality and from Statistics of NZ for the population data. The modeled estimate of prevalence was combined with the disability weights for TBI (by stage and severity level) from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study to obtain estimates of health loss (DALYs) for TBI. Results: Approximately, 11,300 first-ever incident TBIs occurred in NZ during 2010, with 527,000 New Zealanders estimated to have ever experienced a TBI (prevalent cases). The estimated 20,300 DALYs attributable to TBI accounted for 27% of total injury-related health loss and 2.4% of DALYs from all causes. Of the total DALYs attributable to TBI, 71% resulted from fatal injuries. However, non-fatal outcomes accounted for a substantial share of the burden (29%) with mild TBI making the greater contribution of non-fatal outcomes (56%). Conclusions: The burden of TBI in NZ is substantial, and mild TBI contributes to a major part of non-fatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury in the Netherlands: Incidence, Costs and Disability-Adjusted Life Years

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e110905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemieke C. Scholten ◽  
Juanita A. Haagsma ◽  
Martien J. M. Panneman ◽  
Ed F. van Beeck ◽  
Suzanne Polinder
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

scholarly journals Disability-adjusted life years associated with population ageing in China, 1990-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruotong Li ◽  
Xunjie Cheng ◽  
David C. Schwebel ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Peishan Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health Loss ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The Chinese population has aged significantly in the last few decades. Comprehensive health losses including both fatal and non-fatal health outcomes associated with ageing in China have not been detailed. Methods Based on freely accessible disability adjusted life years (DALYs) estimated by the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2017, we adopted a robust decomposition method that ascribes changes in DALYs in any given country across two time points to changes resulting from three sources: population size, age structure, and age-specific DALYs rate per 100,000 population. Using the method, we calculated DALYs associated with population ageing in China from 1990 to 2017 and examined the counteraction between the effects of DALYs rate change and population ageing. This method extends previous work through attributing the change in DALYs to the three sources. Results Population ageing was associated with 92.8 million DALYs between 1990 and 2017 in China, of which 65.8% (61.1 million) were years of life lost (YLLs). Males had comparatively more DALYs associated with population ageing than females in the study period. The five leading causes of DALYs associated with population ageing between 1990 and 2017 were stroke (23.6 million), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (18.3 million), ischemic heart disease (13.0 million), tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (6.1 million) and liver cancer (5.0 million). Between 1990 and 2017, changes in DALYs associated with age-specific DALY rate reductions far exceeded those related to population ageing (− 196.2 million versus 92.8 million); 57.5% (− 112.8 million) of DALYs were caused by decreases in rates attributed to 84 modifiable risk factors. Conclusion Population ageing was associated with growing health loss in China from 1990 to 2017. Despite the recent progress in alleviating health loss associated with population ageing, the government should encourage scientific research on effective and affordable prevention and control strategies and should consider investment in resources to implement strategies nationwide to address the future challenge of population ageing.

scholarly journals Comparing the direct human impact of natural disasters for two cases in 2011: The Christchurch earthquake and the Bangkok flood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Noy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Catastrophic Events ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

The standard way in which disaster damages are measured involves examining separately the number of fatalities, of injuries, of people otherwise affected, and the financial damage that natural disasters cause. Here, we implement a novel way to aggregate these separate measures of disaster impact and apply it to two catastrophic events from 2011: the Christchurch (New Zealand) earthquakes and the Greater Bangkok (Thailand) flood. This new measure, which is similar to the World Health Organization's calculation of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost due to the burden of diseases and injuries, is described in detail in Noy [7]. It allows us to conclude that New Zealand lost 180 thousand lifeyears as a result of the 2011 events, and Thailand lost 2644 thousand lifeyears. In per capita terms, the loss is similar, with both countries losing about 15 days per person due to the 2011 catastrophic events in these two countries. © This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

scholarly journals Influence of the Covid-19 Crisis on Global PM2.5 Concentration and Related Health Impacts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim Karkour ◽  
Norihiro Itsubo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Important Change ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

The decrease in human activities following the COVID-19 pandemic caused an important change in PM2.5 concentration, especially in the most polluted areas in the world: China (44.28 and 18.88 µg/m3 in the first quarters of 2019 and 2020, respectively), India (49.84 and 31.12, respectively), and Nigeria (75.30 and 34.31, respectively). In this study, satellite observations from all around the world of PM2.5 concentration were collected on the grid scale with a high resolution of 0.125° (about 15km). Population data for 2020 were also collected on the same scale. Statistical data from the World Health Organization (WHO) concerning the diseases caused by air pollution (e.g., stroke) were obtained for each country to determine the change in mortality between the first quarter of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. Expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALY), it was found that the largest reductions were observed for China (−13.9 million DALY), India (−6.3 million DALY), and Nigeria (−2.3 million DALY).

scholarly journals Comparing the direct human impact of natural disasters for two cases in 2011: The Christchurch earthquake and the Bangkok flood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Noy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Catastrophic Events ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

The standard way in which disaster damages are measured involves examining separately the number of fatalities, of injuries, of people otherwise affected, and the financial damage that natural disasters cause. Here, we implement a novel way to aggregate these separate measures of disaster impact and apply it to two catastrophic events from 2011: the Christchurch (New Zealand) earthquakes and the Greater Bangkok (Thailand) flood. This new measure, which is similar to the World Health Organization's calculation of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost due to the burden of diseases and injuries, is described in detail in Noy [7]. It allows us to conclude that New Zealand lost 180 thousand lifeyears as a result of the 2011 events, and Thailand lost 2644 thousand lifeyears. In per capita terms, the loss is similar, with both countries losing about 15 days per person due to the 2011 catastrophic events in these two countries. © This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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