scholarly journals Regression of Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid after a Small Incisional Biopsy: Report of Two Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour Brownstein ◽  
Sonul Mehta ◽  
Navdeep Nijhawan ◽  
Guy Allaire ◽  
Tuan Quynh Tram Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sebaceous Carcinoma ◽  
Incisional Biopsy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Biopsy Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biopsy Methods ◽  
Upper Eyelid Ptosis

Purpose: To report 2 cases of regression of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid after a small incisional biopsy. Methods: Clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings are presented, with a literature review on regressing ocular tumors. Results: Our first patient was a 79-year-old man who presented with a 10-month history of progressive left upper eyelid ptosis caused by an eyelid tumor with orbital involvement and confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging. Our second patient was a 70-year-old woman who presented with ptosis with a left upper eyelid mass. Both patients underwent a small incisional biopsy of their lesion. The histopathological diagnoses in both cases were consistent with sebaceous carcinoma. Both patients refused exenteration. Follow-up clinical examination and imaging disclosed total regression of the ptosis and of the neoplasm with no sign of recurrence in both patients over a 4-year period for Case 1 and a 7-year period for Case 2. Conclusion: Regression following incisional biopsy of basal cell, squamous cell, and Merkel cell carcinoma, including of the eyelid, is well documented. To the best of our knowledge, our 2 cases of sebaceous carcinoma are the first to be reported with total involution clinically and on imaging of the tumor following partial incisional biopsy.

scholarly journals Adult-Onset Orbital Sinus Pericranii with T2 Hyperintensity Lesion: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Osanai ◽  
Kiyohiro Houkin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Digital Subtraction ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Sinus Pericranii ◽  
Eyelid Swelling ◽  
History Of ◽  
T2 Hyperintensity

Sinus pericranii is a rare vascular anomaly, and most cases occur in children and develop at the midline. In previous reports of sinus pericranii, T2 hyperintensity lesion has not been regarded as a common sequela. We report an extremely rare case of orbital sinus pericranii with associated T2 hyperintensity lesion. A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a history of right upper eyelid swelling that had been present for several years. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a connection between the lesion and normal cerebral venous system. Thus, we diagnosed the lesion as a sinus pericranii despite its atypical features. We elected to observe the patient, and the lesion had remained the same size without any adverse events, such as hemorrhage, occurring throughout the 5-year follow-up. An atypical sinus pericranii should be considered in patients with a soft compressible swelling on the head, even if the lesion is located off the midline.

scholarly journals Dandy–Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia in an adult: a case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1771-1777
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Zhenyu Qi ◽  
Xuewen Zhang ◽  
Fangping Zhong ◽  
Hui Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adult Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Memory Deterioration

Dandy–Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia is a rare condition, with few reports of adult cases. We describe an adult case of Dandy–Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia. A 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of walking instability, numbness in the hands, memory deterioration, and urinary incontinence. A physical examination showed a positive Romberg sign. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed hydrocephalus, a cyst in the posterior fossa, absence of the cerebellar vermis, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and cerebella, and syringomyelia. All of these symptoms were consistent with the diagnosis of Dandy–Walker syndrome. Surgery involving arachnoid adhesiolysis and endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed. At the 6-month follow-up, the symptoms were completely relieved. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that syringomyelia was greatly reduced and the hydrocephalus remained unchanged. Dandy–Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia in adults is exceedingly rare. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment of this condition should be highlighted. Combined arachnoid adhesiolysis and endoscopic third ventriculostomy may be an effective approach.

scholarly journals Reversible splenial lesion syndrome due to oxcarbazepine withdrawal: case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1277-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Jing ◽  
Lichao Sun ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Chaojia Chu ◽  
Weihong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Splenial Lesion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reversible Lesion ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome

Background Reversible splenial lesion syndrome is a distinct entity radiologically characterized by a reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum. According to previous reports, this condition may be associated with antiepileptic drug use or withdrawal. We herein report a case of reversible splenial lesion syndrome associated with oxcarbazepine withdrawal. Case Report A 39-year-old man presented with an 8-year history of epileptic seizures. During the previous 3 years, he had taken oxcarbazepine irregularly. One week prior to admission, he withdrew the oxcarbazepine on his own, and the epilepsy became aggravated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an isolated lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum with slight hypointensity on T1-weighted imaging and slight hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging. Regular oxcarbazepine was prescribed. Over a 5-month follow-up period, repeat MRI showed that the abnormal signals in the splenium of the corpus callosum had completely disappeared. Conclusion Reversible splenial lesion syndrome is a rare clinicoradiological disorder that can resolve spontaneously with a favorable outcome. Clinicians should be aware of this condition and that oxcarbazepine withdrawal is a possible etiological factor.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Angiographically Occult Vascular Malformations: Indications and Preliminary Experience

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
L. Dade Lunsford ◽  
Robert J. Coffey ◽  
David J. Bissonette ◽  
John C. Flickinger
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Stereotactic radiosurgery has been shown to treat successfully angiographically demonstrated arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Angiographic obliteration has represented cure and eliminated the risk of future hemorrhage. The role of radiosurgery in the treatment of angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVMs) has been less well defined. In the initial 32 months of operation of the 201-source cobalt-60 gamma knife at the University of Pittsburgh, 24 patients meeting strict criteria for high-risk AOVMs were treated. Radiosurgery was used conservatively; each patient had sustained two or more hemorrhages and had a magnetic resonance imaging-defined AOVM located in a region of the brain where microsurgical removal was judged to pose an excessive risk. Venous angiomas were excluded by performance of high-resolution subtraction angiography in each patient. Fifteen malformations were in the medulla, pons, and/or mesencephalon, and 5 were located in the thalamus or basal ganglia. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 24 months. Nineteen patients either improved or remained clinically stable and did not hemorrhage again during the follow-up interval. One patient suffered another hemorrhage 7 months after radiosurgery. Five patients experienced temporary worsening of pre-existing neurological deficits that suggested delayed radiation injury. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated signal changes and edema surrounding the radiosurgical target. Dose-volume guidelines for avoiding complications were constructed. Our initial experience indicates that stereotactic radiosurgery can be performed safely in patients with small, well-circumscribed AOVMs located in deep, critical, or relatively inaccessible cerebral locations. Because cerebral angiography is not useful in following patients with AOVMs, long-term magnetic resonance imaging and clinical studies will be necessary to determine whether the natural history of such lesions is changed by radiosurgery.

Intraosseous epidermoid cysts of the hand skeleton: a series of eight patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Simon ◽  
A. Leithner ◽  
K. Bodo ◽  
R. Windhager
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Hospital Database ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients

This paper reviews the clinical and radiographic features and treatment results in eight patients with intraosseous epidermoid cysts in the terminal phalanx of a finger seen over a period of 26 years. Data on age, sex, occupation, diagnostic findings, history of injury in six cases, treatment and follow-up were obtained by reviewing medical records and the histopathological findings using the hospital database. The most frequent symptoms of pressure pain, tenderness, redness and swelling occurred at a median time of 12 years after trauma. Male patients were mainly affected (7:1). In four the intraosseous epidermoid cysts were confused with other osteolytic diseases before surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in any case of an osteolytic, expanding lesion, particularly in cases that are clinically and radiologically not obviously an intraosseous epidermoid cyst.

scholarly journals Predicting Conversion to MS - The Role of a History Suggestive of Demyelination

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Morrow ◽  
J. Alexander Fraser ◽  
David Nicolle ◽  
Marcelo Kremenchutzky
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Background:The ability to predict conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) accurately when assessing a patient with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is of paramount importance.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best paraclinical tool currently available; however the significance of a history of an event suggestive of demyelination prior to CIS presentation has not been evaluated.Methods:Aretrospective chart review of all optic neuritis cases presenting as CIS to a single neuro-ophthalmologist in London, Ontario between 1990 to 1998 was performed. Data were collected regarding demographics, past medical history, history of present illness, and family history. Conversion to MS was determined by the McDonald criteria after ten years of follow-up. Bayesian statistics and logistic regression were used to determine the best predictors of conversion to MS from CIS.Results:One hundred and sixteen optic neuritis subjects were included in the analysis. After ten years, 42.2% had converted to MS. The best predictor of future conversion remained at least one brain lesion, disseminated in space, on MRI (sensitivity 0.90, specificity 0.75). However, if the subject additionally had a history suggestive of a demyelinating event in the past that had not been confirmed clinically, the specificity increased to 0.96. These two traits taken together had an odds ratio of 27.8 for conversion to MS in the next ten years (p<0.001).Conclusions:A history of an event suggestive of demyelination prior to presenting with optic neuritis as CIS increases the ability of the clinician to predict conversion to MS in the next ten years.

scholarly journals Management of patients with single and rare epileptic seizures

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A. S. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Unprovoked Seizure ◽  
Life Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
The Brain

Objective: to study the structure of the disease and develop tactics of treatment of patients with single and rare epileptic seizures. Materials and methods. 1200 patients with epilepsy were examined, 103 patients were identified who had no more than 3 seizures throughout their life. Study included evaluation of anamnesis, clinical and neurological examination, routine electroencephalography and/or videoelectroencephalographic monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Results. Relapse of seizures in individuals with a history of follow-up occurred in 32 % of cases; epileptogenic changes in magnetic resonance image and, especially, anatomical and electro-clinical correlation of the epilepsy focus were associated with the risk of relapse. Conclusions. The decision on drug therapy after the first unprovoked seizure should be based on the ratio of the risk of repeated seizures and the risk of side effects. This solution should be individual and take into account not only medical problems, but also the preferences of the patient and his family members.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Management of Wooden Foreign Bodies in the Orbit: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Hyo Bong Kim ◽  
Hoon Kim ◽  
Soo Yeon Lim ◽  
In Chang Koh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Optic Nerve Damage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The diagnosis and management of intraorbital foreign bodies are challenging for surgeons. Foreign bodies made of wood and those located close to the optic nerve are especially difficult to manage. Herein, we report our experience with the diagnosis and management of intraorbital wooden foreign bodies utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 50-year-old man presented to the emergency room with a laceration on his left upper eyelid. No foreign bodies were visible through the laceration, and computed tomography findings showed only evidence of cellulitis with abscess formation. Despite drainage and antibiotics, the cellulitis worsened; subsequently, we found multiple wooden foreign bodies on MRI. Surgical removal was performed, excluding those in the intraconal space to avoid optic nerve damage. The patient recovered well and has not experienced any ophthalmic complications at 1 year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Rare Cause of Neck Swelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Md Abdur Rahman ◽  
Mahbubul Alam ◽  
ABM Luthful Kabir ◽  
Mohammod Harun Or Rarhid ◽  
Abul Kalam Prodhan
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Cutaneous Lesion ◽  
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Incisional Biopsy ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
History Of

Dermatofibrosarcomaprotuberans (DFSP) is a low-grade soft tissue sarcoma (fibrosarcoma) originated from dermal and subdermal layer of the skin. The tumor infiltrates into the deeps in the form of villous or finger. For this reason, it is quite difficult to get clear surgical margins during tumor excision and the recurrence is a problem encountered frequently. We are reporting this rare tumour in a 40-year-old man presented with a 5-years history of slowly growing cutaneous lesion of the neck. Incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of DFSP. Subsequently, the patient underwent wide local surgical resection, followed by reconstruction. Histopathology report revealed dermatofibrosarcomaprotuberans (DFSP). Although DFSP behave as non-aggressive malignancy, surgery with complete removal of the affected area is the treatment of choice. Moreover, adjuvant radiotherapy and follow-up of the patient is essential in order to prevent recurrence. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 110-113

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