AgNOR Pleomorphic Count as a Tumor Marker in Cervical Carcinogenesis and Feasibility of Its Introduction in Cervical Cancer Screening Programs to Discriminate High-Risk Cases of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand N. Srivastava ◽  
Jata S. Misra ◽  
Urmilla Singh ◽  
Mohsin Khan ◽  
Syed Raza
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Background: AgNOR pleomorphism has been widely used for its diagnostic importance in differentiating premalignant and malignant lesions of different human neoplasms. However, an evaluation of its potential for discriminating cases of high-risk squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix (SIL) has been rarely attempted. Aim: The tumor marker potential of AgNOR pleomorphism counts was assessed by correlating high and low mean counts in low-grade SIL (LSIL) cases with persistence or regression of the lesion and HPV positivity. Materials and Methods: The 115 LSIL cases selected for the study were registered from the ongoing cervical cancer screening of the rural population of Lucknow West. Silver nitrate staining for AgNOR counts and HPV DNA testing were done in all 115 cases. Results: The AgNOR counts in the 115 LSIL cases revealed low counts in 92 and high counts in 23 cases. Follow-up, available in 107 cases, revealed persistence of the lesion in 21 of the 23 cases with high counts and in 4 of the 84 cases with low counts. HPV positivity showed a strong correlation with high counts. Persistence of LSIL was also more frequent with high AgNOR counts and in HPV-positive cases. Conclusions: The study showed a correlation of high mean AgNOR counts with HPV positivity and persistence of LSIL.

Association of human papillomavirus and bacterial vaginosis with increased risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamy Tiemi Suehiro ◽  
Natália Malaguti ◽  
Edilson Damke ◽  
Nelson Shozo Uchimura ◽  
Fabrícia Gimenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

ObjectiveTo assess the rates of co-infections between human papillomavirus (HPV) and 13 key markers of bacterial vaginosis in cervical samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in a population with a high rate of abnormal cytology and a positive HPV test.MethodsThe study included a total of 213 women aged 18–72 years screened using Papanicolaou smears for determining cervical abnormalities and for HPV and bacterial vaginosis by single-target and multiplex polymerase chain reaction.ResultsA total of 83 (39%) women were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy cytology and 130 (61%) had abnormal cytology. HPV-DNA prevalence was 69.9% and bacterial vaginosis was 72.7 %. Co-infections between bacterial vaginosis with HPV-DNA and high-risk HPV were associated with an increased risk for squamous intraepithelial lesions of low-grade cytology and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer. The most frequent bacterial vaginosis agent was Gardnerella vaginalis (33.8%), and co-infection with HPV-DNA and high-risk HPV increased the risk for squamous intraepithelial lesions of low grade cytology and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer. Co-infection between Megasphaera type I and high-risk HPV increased the risk for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer.ConclusionsOur results reinforce the hypothesis that some bacterial vaginosis agents may play a role as co-factors in HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis, at least in some populations.

Oncogenic HPV-DNA testing alone as cervical cancer screening in high-risk population of Southern Mexico

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 16519-16519
Author(s):  
F. Gutierrez-Delgado ◽  
J. E. Enriquez-Freire ◽  
H. Leon-Velasco ◽  
J. A. Manzur-Perez ◽  
A. Baron-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv

scholarly journals Regulation of cell cycles is of key importance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Michelina Fernandes Brenna ◽  
Kari Juhani Syrjänen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoints ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

The rapid progress in molecular biology has allowed the identification of the genes involved in different functions of normal cells and has also improved our understanding of the mechanisms of human carcinogenesis. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA tumor virus and its genes can manipulate cell cycle control to promote viral persistence and replication. The E6 and E7 proteins of high-risk HPV bind to cell cycle regulatory proteins and interfere with both G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints much more effectively than the low-risk HPV. The difference between the ability of low and high-risk HPV types to induce immortalization and transformation may well lie in their abilities to interact with the various cell cycle components, resulting in the loss of multiple cell cycle checkpoints, which are important in host genome fidelity, thus potentially resulting in accumulation of genetic abnormalities. Cervical cancer is one of the leading malignancies in women worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. According to current concepts, HPV is recognized as the single most important causal agent in the pathogenesis of this cancer. HPV infection clearly precedes the development of malignancy, while being regularly associated with cervical cancer precursor lesions (all grades of squamous intraepithelial lesions). HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) has three possible outcomes: a) it may regress; b) it can persist; or c) it can make a clinical progression to in situ or invasive carcinoma. It has been well established by prospective cohort studies that the spontaneous regression rate increases in parallel with follow-up duration. In contrast, the clinical progression of lesions usually takes place quite rapidly, i.e. during the first two years from diagnosis. The mechanisms responsible for this divergent clinical behavior of HPV-associated squamous intraepithelial lesions are largely unknown, but currently under intense study in different laboratories worldwide.

scholarly journals Concordance in HPV Detection Between Self-Collected and Health Provider–Collected Cervicovaginal Samples Using careHPV in Tanzanian Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 985-991
Author(s):  
Johnson J. Katanga ◽  
Vibeke Rasch ◽  
Rachel Manongi ◽  
Andrea B. Pembe ◽  
Julius D. Mwaiselage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Health Provider ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
High Risk Hpv

PURPOSE Cervical cancer screening is one of the strategies to prevent the disease among women at risk. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing is increasingly used as the cervical cancer screening method because of its high sensitivity. Self-collection of cervical specimens has the potential to improve participation. However, there is only limited information on comparison between self-collected and provider-collected samples with regard to detection of high-risk HPV using the careHPV method. The study aimed to compare HPV detection by careHPV in self-collected and provider-collected cervical samples and to assess the acceptability of self-collection techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS Women attending cervical cancer screening clinics at Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre or Mawenzi Hospital in Tanzania were included in the study. They underwent a face-to-face interview, HIV testing, and collected a self-sample using Evalyn Brush. Subsequently, they had a cervical sample taken by a health provider. Both samples were tested for high-risk HPV DNA using careHPV. RESULTS Overall, 464 women participated in the study. The high-risk HPV prevalence was 19.0% (95% CI, 15.6 to 22.9) in the health provider samples, but lower (13.8%; 95% CI, 10.9 to 17.3) in the self-collected samples. There was a good overall agreement 90.5% (95% CI, 87.5 to 93.0) and concordance (κ = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.75) between the two sets of samples. Sensitivity and specificity were 61.4% (95% CI, 50.4 to 71.6) and 97.3% (95% CI, 95.2 to 98.7), respectively, varying with age. Most women preferred self-collection (79.8%). CONCLUSION Overall, self-sampling seems to be a reliable alternative to health-provider collection and is acceptable to the majority of women. However, instructions on proper procedures for sample collection to the women are important.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer screening coverage, management of squamous intraepithelial lesions and related costs in France

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0228660
Author(s):  
Yann de Rycke ◽  
Florence Tubach ◽  
Alexandre Lafourcade ◽  
Sylvie Guillo ◽  
Marie Dalichampt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Screening Coverage ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

scholarly journals Measuring colposcopy quality in Canada: development of population-based indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Decker ◽  
N. Baines ◽  
C. Muzyka ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
M. H. Mayrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Treatment Frequency ◽  
Screening Programs

Background Colposcopy is a key part of cervical cancer control. As cervical cancer screening and prevention strategies evolve, monitoring colposcopy performance will become even more critical. In the present paper, we describe population-based colposcopy quality indicators that are recommended for ongoing measurement by cervical cancer screening programs in Canada.Methods The Pan-Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Network established a multidisciplinary expert working group to identify population-based colposcopy quality indicators. A systematic literature review was conducted to ascertain existing population and program-level colposcopy quality indicators. A systems-level cervical cancer screening pathway describing each step from an abnormal screening test, to colposcopy, and back to screening was developed. Indicators from the literature were assigned a place on the pathway to ensure that all steps were measured. A prioritization matrix scoring system was used to score each indicator based on predetermined criteria. Proposed colposcopy quality indicators were shared with provincial and territorial screening programs and subsequently revised.Results The 10 population-based colposcopy quality indicators identified as priorities were colposcopy uptake, histologic investigation (biopsy) rate, colposcopy referral rate, failure to attend colposcopy, treatment frequency in women 18–24 years of age, re-treatment proportion, colposcopy exit-test proportion, histologic investigation (biopsy) frequency after low-grade Pap test results, length of colposcopy episode of care, and operating room treatment rate. Two descriptive indicators were also identified: colposcopist volume and number of colposcopists per capita.Summary High-quality colposcopy services are an essential component of provincial cervical cancer screening programs. The proposed quality and descriptive indicators will permit colposcopy outcomes to be compared between provinces and across Canada so as to identify opportunities for improving colposcopy services.

Population-based cervical cancer screening using high-risk HPV DNA test and liquid-based cytology in Northern Thailand

Pathology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S68
Author(s):  
Sumalee Siriaunkgul ◽  
Jongkolnee Settakorn ◽  
Kornkanok Sukpun ◽  
Jatupol Srisomboon ◽  
Prapaporn Suprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv Dna Test

scholarly journals Detection of antibodies against a human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 peptide that differentiate high-risk from low-risk HPV-associated low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 2643-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta ◽  
Juana P. Ambrosio ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Mora-Garcia ◽  
Fernando Cruz-Talonia ◽  
Jorge Hernandez-Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

A nonapeptide (16L1) was derived from the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) major capsid protein and tested for detection of potential cross-reactive serum IgG and cervical IgA antibodies in low- and high-risk HPV-associated low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and cervical cancer patients by ELISA. The IgG response was similar in women with low-risk HPV-associated LSIL and controls (P=0·1). In contrast, more than 90 % of patients with high-risk HPV-associated LSIL were seropositive. Although tumours from cancer patients were all positive for the presence of high-risk HPV DNA, the level of seropositivity decreased significantly in this group (P<0·0001). Cervical IgA antibodies were also detected in a significantly high proportion of women with high-risk HPV-associated LSIL compared with controls. However, the proportion of IgA-positive patients was lower than the proportion of IgG seropositives. In conclusion, the 16L1 peptide appears to be a high-risk type-common epitope that induces cross-reactive antibodies in high-risk, but not low-risk, HPV-associated LSIL patients, allowing differentiation of high- and low-risk infected women at this stage of infection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a new p16INK4A ELISA test and a high-risk HPV DNA test for cervical cancer screening: Results from proof-of-concept study

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 2435-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Mao ◽  
Akhila Balasubramanian ◽  
Mujun Yu ◽  
Nancy Kiviat ◽  
Ruediger Ridder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv Dna Test
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