Association between Caregiver Neurotic Personality Trait and Elder Abuse: Investigating the Moderating Role of Change in the Level of Caregiver Perceived Burden

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Boye Fang ◽  
Elsie Yan ◽  
Xiaozhao Yang ◽  
Yaolin Pei
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Observation Period

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To investigate whether caregiver neuroticism affects the level of elder abuse and whether changes of caregiver perceived burden alter this relationship. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using 2-year longitudinal data, a consecutive sample of 800 Chinese family caregivers and their care recipients with dementia were recruited from the geriatric and neurological departments of 3 grade-A hospitals in the People’s Republic of China. All the participatory dyads were assessed between September 2015 and February 2016 and followed up for 2 years. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Significant increase in the prevalence was found for physical abuse, psychological abuse, and caregiver neglect. Caregiver neuroticism was associated with an increased level of physical and psychological abuse over the 2-year observation period; however, change in the level of caregiver perceived burden altered this association. Specifically, the absence and decrease of perceived care burden prevented an increase in the level of physical and psychological abuse among caregivers high in neuroticism. Although caregiver neuroticism was also associated with an increased level of caregiver neglect, caregiver perceived burden did not appear to have an impact on this relationship. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> This study provided evidence that caregiver neuroticism was associated with an increased level of physical and psychological abuse, while changes in the level of caregiver perceived burden may alter this trajectory. These findings suggest the importance of implementing caregiver-centered intervention and prevention programs for elder abuse by specifically targeting caregivers’ behaviors related to their neurotic personality trait and cognitive appraisal of caregiving stressors associated with such personality traits.

scholarly journals Caregiver Neurotic Personality Trait and Elder Abuse—The Moderating Role of Change in the Level of Caregiver Burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 386-386
Author(s):  
Boye Fang ◽  
Elsie Yan ◽  
Yaolin Pei ◽  
Xiaozhao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Financial Exploitation ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract Objectives: To investigate whether caregiver neuroticism has an effect on subsequent occurrence of elder abuse and whether change in the level of caregiver perceived burden alters this relationship. Methods: Using two-year longitudinal data, we analyzed a consecutive sample of 800 Chinese family caregivers and their care recipients with dementia recruited from the geriatric and neurological departments of three Grade-A hospitals in People’s Republic of China (PRC). All the participatory dyads were assessed between September 2015 and February 2016 and followed for two years. Results: Significant increase in the prevalence was found for physical and psychological abuse, caregiver neglect, and financial exploitation. Caregivers high in neuroticism were more likely to engage in subsequent physical and psychological abuse, however, change in the level of caregiver perceived burden altered this association. Specifically, absence and alleviation of care burden during the two-year observation prevented the subsequent occurrence of physical and psychological abuse. Although caregiver neuroticism was also associated with subsequent caregiver neglect, caregiver perceived burden did not appear to have an impact on this relationship. Discussion: This study provided evidence that caregiver neuroticism was associated with subsequent physical and psychological abuse, while change in the level of caregiver perceived burden may alter this trajectory. These findings suggest the importance of implementing caregiver-centered intervention and prevention programs for elder abuse by specifically targeting at caregivers’ behaviors related to their neurotic personality trait and cognitive appraisal of caregiving stressors associated with such personality trait.

scholarly journals Caregiver Depression, Change in the Severity of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, and Subsequent Caregiver Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
Boye Fang ◽  
Elsie Yan ◽  
Yaolin Pei ◽  
Gengzhen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Depression Change ◽  
Integrative Intervention ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Objectives: To examine whether caregiver (CG) depression predicts subsequent occurrence of elder abuse and whether change in the severity how care-recipient change in the severity of care recipient (CR) neuropsychiatric symptoms influence this association. Methods: Using two-year longitudinal data, we analyzed a consecutive sample of 800 Chinese family CGs and their CRs with dementia recruited from the geriatric and neurological departments of three Grade-A hospitals in People’s Republic of China (PRC). All the participatory dyads were assessed between September 2015 and February 2016 and followed for two years. Results: CG depression at baseline predicted the subsequent occurrence of physical and psychological abuse and CG neglect. However, change in the severity of CR neuropsychiatric symptoms altered these relationships. Specifically, while unchanged and increased CR neuropsychiatric symptoms heightened the positive effect of CG depression on subsequent abuse, decreased CR neuropsychiatric symptoms protected older adults from abuse by a depressed CG. Conclusion: This study showed the differential impact of CG depression on subsequent occurrence of elder abuse depending on the change in the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms related to the CRs. The present findings provide important insights to the design of a systematic and integrative intervention protocol for elder abuse that simultaneously focuses on treating CG depression and CR neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Fear after being fired: the moderating role of resilience in lessening the time between employment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Scrimpshire ◽  
Marcia Lensges
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Affective Events Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Analysis ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Job Termination ◽  
Moderating Role

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study how the interplay of the emotion of fear and the personality trait of resilience affect time to reemployment after job termination. The authors carried out the research by extending affective events theory (AET) beyond the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a conceptual paper intended to lay the groundwork for future analysis in the areas of fear and resilience, specifically in the time after job termination.FindingsThe paper suggests that fear is a natural response to job termination, and there are two responses to fear: one of action to rid oneself of fear (“fight or flight”) and one of paralysis, in which an individual remains in a fear state. The authors put forth that one's level of resilience is a factor in determining time to reemployment.Originality/valueWhile there are numerous studies on the role emotions play in the workplace and in particular, the role of fear about potentially getting fired, there are few, if any, studies on the role of fear after losing a job. The authors feel this is a warranted area of study as fear can have both positive and negative responses. The authors also contend that a major diver of these fear responses is an individual's level of resilience, and this can be a significant predictor of the individual's time to reemployment.

Two Roads to Updating Brand Personality Impressions: Trait versus Evaluative Inferencing

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Venkataramani Johar ◽  
Jaideep Sengupta ◽  
Jennifer L. Aaker
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Inference Making ◽  
New Information ◽  
Trait Inferences ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Do So

This research examines the dynamic process of inference updating. The authors present a framework that delineates two mechanisms that guide the updating of personality trait inferences about brands. The results of three experiments show that chronics (those for whom the trait is accessible) update their initial inferences on the basis of the trait implications of new information. Notably, nonchronics (those for whom the trait is not accessible) also update their initial inferences, but they do so on the basis of the evaluative implications of new information. The framework adds to the inference-making literature by uncovering two distinct paths of inference updating and by emphasizing the moderating role of trait accessibility. The findings have direct implications for marketers attempting to understand the construction of brand personality, and they emphasize the constantly evolving nature of brand perceptions and the notion that both the consumer and the marketer have important roles to play in this process.

scholarly journals Social Avoidance and Social Adjustment: The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation and Emotion Lability/Negativity Among Chinese Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhu ◽  
Bowen Xiao ◽  
Will Hipson ◽  
Chenyu Yan ◽  
Robert J. Coplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Children's Emotion ◽  
Moderating Role

The present study explored the role of emotion regulation and emotion lability/negativity as a moderator in the relation between child social avoidance and social adjustment (i.e., interpersonal skills, asocial behavior, peer exclusion) in Chinese culture. Participants were N = 194 children (102 boys, 92 girls, Mage = 70.82 months, SD = 5.40) recruited from nine classrooms in two public kindergartens in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. Multi-source assessments were employed with mothers rating children’s social avoidance and teachers rating children’s emotion regulation, emotion lability/negativity and social adjustment outcomes. The results indicated that the relations between social avoidance and social adjustment difficulties were more negative among children lower in emotion regulation, but not significant for children with higher emotion regulation. In contrast, the relations between social avoidance and social adjustment difficulties were more positive among children higher in emotion lability/negativity, but not significant for children with lower emotion lability/negativity. This study informs us about how emotion regulation and emotion lability/negativity are jointly associated with socially avoidant children’s development. As well, the findings highlight the importance of considering the meaning and implication of social avoidance in Chinese culture.

Title: Intimate Partner Violence: The Moderating Role of Personality Trait and Religion.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-302
Author(s):  
Stanley Oloji Isangha ◽  
Christopher Ndubuisi Ngwu ◽  
Anthony Obinna Iwuagwu ◽  
Sunday Evaristus Abonyi ◽  
Akuchukwu Oprah Nnaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Moderating Role

Objective: Intimate partner violence which is an aspect of family violence has most often than not affected peaceful family growth across the world, while it is largely portrayed that men are the sole perpetrators of IPV and women its victims. Statistics across countries in America, Asia, Europe and Africa have shown men to be victims as well, both in heterosexual and homosexual family, thus IPV can be perpetrated by both sexes just as they can also be victims. This study therefore assessed the moderating role of personality trait and religion on intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationship. Methods: Using a mixed method, 384 residents of Uyo metropolis were surveyed and 10 in-depth interviews was conducted among Psychology and Sociology lecturers from the University of Uyo Akwa Ibom state. The big five factor model served as its theoretical orientation. The big five personality inventory, religious orientation test and intimate partner violence propensity scale were used in generating data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Chi square test was used to test relationships while their long-run influence was ascertained using multiple and binary logistics linear regression analysis. Result: Findings show that majority of the respondents have abused their partners physically or psychologically. Findings show personality traits and religion as independent and joint predictors of intimate partner violence. Conclusion: It is recommended that clinicians, psychiatrists among other related professionals should always consider personality traits and religion when dealing with issues on IPV.

The relationships between shyness and unsociability and peer difficulties

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin-Bin Chen ◽  
Jonathan Bruce Santo
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Child Attachment ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Peer Nomination ◽  
Peer Difficulties ◽  
Moderating Role

The main purpose of the study was to examine the moderating role of the insecure mother–child attachment in the relations between social withdraw and peer difficulties. Participants were 487 urban children (247 boys, 240 girls) in elementary schools in Shanghai, the People’s Republic of China. Data on attachment-relevant coping styles in insecure relationships with mother were collected from children’s self-reports. Information concerning social withdrawal (i.e., shyness and unsociability) and peer difficulties (i.e., peer victimization and rejection) was obtained from peer nomination. Among the results, both shyness and unsociability were positively related to peer victimization and rejection. However, several interaction effects were also observed. Both avoidant and ambivalent attachment served an exacerbating role for peer difficulties for shy and unsociable children, with these patterns differing by gender. Implications for the contributions of attachment to socially withdrawn children’s peer adjustment are discussed.

Association Between Caregiver Depression and Elder Mistreatment—Examining the Moderating Effect of Care Recipient Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Caregiver-Perceived Burden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boye Fang ◽  
Huiying Liu ◽  
Elsie Yan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Integrative Intervention ◽  
Primary Family

Abstract Objectives To examine the association between caregiver (CG) depression and increase in elder mistreatment and to investigate whether change in care recipient (CR) neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and change in CG-perceived burden influence this association. Methods Using 2-year longitudinal data, we analyzed a consecutive sample of 800 Chinese primary family CGs and their CRs with mild cognitive impairment or mild-to-moderate dementia recruited from the geriatric and neurological departments of 3 Grade-A hospitals in the People’s Republic of China. Participatory dyads were assessed between September 2015 and February 2016 and followed for 2 years. Results CG depression at baseline was associated with a sharper increase in psychological abuse and neglect. For CRs with increased NPS, having a depressed CG predicted a higher level of psychological abuse than for those CRs without NPS. For CGs with decreased burden, the level of depression was associated with a slower increase in neglect than for CGs who remained low burden. Discussion This study showed the differential impact of CG depression on the increase in elder mistreatment depending on the change in CR NPS and CG-perceived burden. The present findings provide valuable insights into the design of a systematic and integrative intervention protocol for elder mistreatment that simultaneously focuses on treating CG depression and perceived burden and CR NPS.

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