scholarly journals The Association between Myopia and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wu ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Yifan Du ◽  
Kai Cao ◽  
Caixia Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Previous studies identified myopia as a risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). However, recent studies have shown different results, the definitive relationship between myopia and POAG remains controversial. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between myopia and POAG. Methods: Published articles were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases between 1970 and 2020. A pooled analysis of the ORs was performed using a random-effects model. Results: Data on the association between myopia and POAG, were obtained from 16 cross sectional studies, and the pooled OR was 2.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.77 – 2.89, P < 0.001) in random effects model (I2 = 86%; P < 0.01). For the relationship of myopia and POAG progression, data from seven longitudinal cohort studies were included and the pooled OR was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.73 – 0.99, P = 0.042) in the random-effects model (I2 = 88%; P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that myopia may be a risk factor associated with POAG and a possible protective factor for POAG progression. It may due to myopia with the presence of a lamina cribrosa defect slow down the visual field loss also POAG progression, further research for underlying mechanisms is still needed.

Severe Myopia as a Risk Factor for Progressive Visual Field Loss in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuo Chihara ◽  
X. NIL ◽  
Jin Dong ◽  
Yasuyuki Takashima ◽  
Masayuki Akimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Open Angle

Intraocular pressure as a risk factor for visual field loss in pseudoexfoliative and in primary open-angle glaucoma

Ophthalmology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 2225-2230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A Teus ◽  
Miguel A Castejón ◽  
Miguel A Calvo ◽  
Patricia Pérez—Salaı́ces ◽  
Ana Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Open Angle

scholarly journals Does the Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) retain its predictive value as a risk factor in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma patients with Diabetes Mellitus?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Anadi Khatri ◽  
Bal Kumar Khatri ◽  
Madhu Thapa ◽  
Muna Kharel ◽  
Ashma K.C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Central Corneal thickness (CCT) is thicker in diabetic patients. This may cause the CCT to lose predictive power as a risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients with diabetes. Objective: To evaluate if CCT of POAG patients with diabetes retains its predictive value as a risk factor. Methods: A cross sectional analysis of sequential group of patients with POAG with and without diabetes were evaluated HbA1C in diabetic patients and CCT in both groups was measured and the severity of POAG was evaluated using visual field changes and optic disc changes. The correlation was evaluated using confidence interval and liner regression estimator analysis. Results: Five hundred and eighty-seven patients with POAG were evaluated. The mean CCT for the group combined was 540±34.9 μm. Three hundred and thirty-seven patients had no history of diabetes and had mean CCT of 531.1±19.6 μm. Two hundred and fifty of them had diabetes with mean corneal thickness of 549±20.2 μm. CCT retained its predictive value as a risk factor for severity in POAG patient without diabetes (p<0.05). CCT however was a less sensitive for evaluating risk/severity in POAG patients with diabetes (p>0.05). Conclusions: CCT values may not retain its predictive value of severity of POAG in patients with diabetes. Hence, CCT alone may not be a reliable marker and mislead treating physicians.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and the risk of Primary open angle glaucoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lavaju ◽  
S Shah ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
R Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Inclusion of DM as a risk factor for POAG is controversial. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether Type II (T2) DM is a risk factor for POAG and to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) in the subjects with T2DM and to examine the relationship between T2DM and intraocular pressure (IOP).Materials and methods: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted including 189 subjects of age > 40 years. In Group I, 113 patients diagnosed with T2DM and Group II, age and sex matched 76 subjects with POAG without DM was included. Detailed ocular examination, IOP, CCT and funduscopy evaluation was done. Results: Most of the patients were more than 60 years of age with mean age 58 ± 11 years. Male: female ratio was 1:1. POAG was seen in 27.4% of patients with T2DM. Mean IOP in T2DM was 14.67± 2.63mmHg and in non diabetic, 17.25±4.47 mmHg (p <0.00). In group I, mean CCT was 538.83± 22.7μm and in group II, 531.26 ± 20.9μm (p-0.126). There was no association between CCT and glaucoma (p=0.072, 95% CI: -0.76 –17.46). The study could not elicit an association of T2DM with glaucoma. Duration of T2DM did not affect an association between T2DM and glaucoma (p-0.757). Random blood sugar (p<0.001) and oral hypoglycemic drugs (p=0.030) showed an association with glaucoma. Conclusion: The study failed to show an association between T2DM and primary open angle glaucoma and CCT though an association seen with IOP. A larger prospective comparative study may be help in understanding this association. 

scholarly journals Sleep-disordered breathing a neglected risk factor in primary open-angle glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Dr. Mandeep Kaur ◽  
◽  
Dr. Inderjit Kaur ◽  
Dr. Jagdeepak Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is accompanied by large swings in blood pressureand the repetitive hypoxic period during sleep, which may accelerate anoxic optic nerve damageseen in glaucoma. There are many associated risk factors in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG),but recently, SDB, though a neglected one, is coming up as a risk factor. However, various studieshave reported controversial findings. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between SDB andPOAG. Design: A hospital-based case-control study. Methods: A total of 400 patients between 30–70 years were recruited from eye OPD between 2008- 2010. They were divided into two groups, 200cases with established POAG and 200 age and sex-matched healthy subjects with normal IOP in thecontrol group. Detailed history, complete ophthalmic and ENT examination was made along withBMI, blood pressure and neck girth measurement. Both groups were interviewed with aquestionnaire regarding SDB and were recorded on the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Results:The mean age being 55.02 ± 8.66 in the POAG group and male predominance noted both in POAGand SDB patients with ESS> 10 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Also, patients in the POAGgroup with ESS > 10 had more IOP and BMI, greater neck girth, high BP and more ENT problemswith p-value < 0,001, which is highly significant, thus showing the relationship between SDB andPOAG. Conclusions: Increased community awareness and earlier detection of glaucoma and itscorrelation with SDB results in decreased morbidity.

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