scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study and Analysis of LEACH and HEED Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks – With Suggestion for Improvements

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 778 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Anitha ◽  
V. Vijayakumari ◽  
S. Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
5 Ghz

<p>The main interesting aspect of the digital era is the widely spread ease of communication from one end of the world to the other end of the world. There is a revolution in communication, digitalization, globalization, video calling, wireless data transfer and this is possible due to networking. Initially computer networks is the data sharing where data such as documents, file, reports, presentation files, videos, images etc can be shared within a local network or remotely connected networks. Traditional data networking is to empower end-to-end information transfer. The data in such networks are carried across point-to-point links and the intermediate nodes just forward the packets, where the payload of the packets is not modified. Traditional LANs need wires, which may be difficult to set up in some situations.</p><p>It is very much understandable and clearly visible that wired communication is being completely overtaken by wireless technologies in the recent past. Wireless LANs, by its very nature, empowers with increased mobility and flexibility. Wi-Fi devices get connected to the internet through WLAN and access points. 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz ISM bands are used by Wi-Fi. Also, it is to be understood that, a wireless adhoc network is distributed in its nature. It is also to be noted that, the adhoc nature makes these network to rely on any of the pre-existing infrastructure. The data forwarding shall happen from the nodes very much dynamically based on the connectivity and the routing algorithm used.  </p>

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRALIZED COMPUTER DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM FROM ANALOG SENSORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Volodymyr STATSENKO ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr BURMISTENKOV ◽  
Tetiana BILA ◽  
Dmytro STATSENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Data Collection System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The One

The article presents the architecture and operation principles of the system for collecting and analyzing information from strain gauges. These systems are used to determine the equipment performance for transporting a variety of materials. In particular, they are used to control the movement of bulk materials mixtures components. For such technological processes, it is fundamentally important to ensure constant flows intensity. The paper identifies three variants of sensor connection schemes, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. It is established that the structure “one ADC – several sensors” allows to reduce equipment costs and at the same time to provide the minimum parameters influence of a transmission line on a useful sensor signal. The “one-to-one” scheme provides the connection of each sensor to its own ADC. “Circuit with multiplexer” allows to increase the number of sensors connected to one ADC. It is established that the best option in terms of reducing the interference effects on the analog signal and the cost of creating a system is the scheme “one ADC – several sensors”. The algorithm of information transfer from ADC to microcontroller (MC) is analysed. It is calculated that HX711 ADC chips provide the maximum data rate of 18.5 values/s. It is proposed to transfer data between the MC and the server using the TCP protocol because it avoids data loss and provides the necessary data transfer speed. The structure and formats of data that are transmitted from the mass sensor to the ADC, microcontroller, web server and database are proposed. The main speed, design parameters, advantages and disadvantages of wired and wireless data network between MK and the server are determined. Recommendations for the design of such a network depending on the characteristics of the premises in which the data collection system will be used have been developed.

Connections in the Sky

2013 ◽  
pp. 150-165
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Information Industry ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Information is becoming more and more accessible, and the most recent watershed development in this trend is wireless data transfer. This technology has become so mainstream so quickly that it constitutes a “wireless revolution.” It holds significant implications for many industries, of which a few examples are given in this chapter, and for society in general. In the future, much more data will be transmitted wirelessly, but before this can happen on a truly massive and global scale, tremendous infrastructure development will need to take place. Still, various companies are further developing wireless technology, and networks are becoming more widespread even in developing areas of the world. The future of the information industry and the way individual users interact with it will be highly impacted by wireless technology, and the role and extent of government regulation and the issue of privacy will become two pressing questions.

Quality control and error detection in the radiotherapy treatment process

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Thérèse Bate ◽  
Bruno Speleers ◽  
Luc A.M.L. Vakaet ◽  
Wilfried J. De Neve
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Important Change ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Purpose: In 1995, a post of quality control (QC) officer was established in the Radiotherapy Department of the University Hospital Gent (R-UZG). We report here the evolution of error detection in the domain of information transfer during the different steps of the treatment chain, in our department, since the creation of this job.Material and Methods: From January 1995 to December 1997 (1995 n = 831; 1996: n = 1095; 1997: n = 1091), data on errors were recorded. At the start, an inventory was made of the existing situation and a Quality Assurance (QA) program was outlined for process control. According to the site of origin of errors in the treatment preparation chain, errors were separated into five levels: medical treatment prescription, simulation, treatment planning, treatment data transfer and daily set-up.Results: The total number of errors found was 459 in 1995; 809 in 1996 and 1046 in 1997. During 1995 and 1996 the medical prescription protocols were adapted to the increasing need of the radiation technologists for more information. This explains an increased number of errors (from 80/459 to 276/809) in 1996. After a period of adaptation, the number of errors decreased in 1997 (257/1046). The second level, where many errors were found, is at the transfer phase (1995: 181/459 1996: 210/809; 1997: 336/1046). Most of these errors were made during the transfer of data from the prescription chart to the computer. These errors were due to lack of attention, human mistakes and calculation errors. The number of errors during simulation increased due to rotation of personnel in 1996. The increase persisted in 1997 for the same reason. Transfer errors due to the automatic transfer of leaf settings decreased (1995:18/29; 1996:15/17; 1997:7/31) Thanks to the start of QC management, errors were detected and corrected in the entire treatment process at R-UZG. Once changes were accepted, new challenges were initiated. After each evaluation, initiatives were taken to try to decrease specific errors. Changing attitudes was a difficult and slow process, but progress was made. The most important change in attitude certainly was the acceptation of the concept of QC.

Research on Virtual Private LAN Service Signaling Protocol and its Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 2585-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dong ◽  
Zhen Ya Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Virtual Private Network ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Signaling Protocol ◽  
Real Network ◽  
The World ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Private Network

Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS), as a new layer-2 Virtual Private Network (VPN) technology has attracted enormous interest in the filed during the last few years. Unlike traditional layer 2 VPN, which provides only point-to-point connectivity, VPLS is built for multi-point connectivity and has a broadcast capability like a common LAN.A series of RFCs and drafts related to VPLS have been proposed by IETF. To enable VPLS in a real network, signaling setup is the first step. In this paper, we first conduct some research on LDP-based signaling protocol and demonstrate how to set up control-plane communication in VPLS network. Then, based on the research, we implement the signaling protocol in an embedded router system. In combination with existing data plane software, VPLS is deployed in a real network and some experiments are conducted to test the validity of signaling protocol. All the test results show that the implementation of signaling protocol works quite well. With VPLS deploying more widely in the world, service providers and customers will benefit greatly from this technology.

The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition'

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cook ◽  
Nu'aym b. Hammad al-Marwazi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
To Come

“The Book of Tribulations by Nu`aym b. Hammad al-Marwazi (d. 844) is the earliest Muslim apocalyptic work to come down to us. Its contents focus upon the cataclysmic events to happen before the end of the world, the wars against the Byzantines, and the Turks, and the Muslim civil wars. There is extensive material about the Mahdi (messianic figure), the Muslim Antichrist and the return of Jesus, as well as descriptions of Gog and Magog. Much of the material in Nu`aym today is utilized by Salafi-jihadi groups fighting in Syria and Iraq.

The Disinherited in Shakespeare’s Plays

Moreana ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (Number 173) (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Peter Milward
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
English History ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World

In conjunction with the current “revisionism” of English history from a Catholic viewpoint, it is time to undertake a corresponding revision of the plays and personality of William Shakespeare. For this purpose it is not enough to rest content with the meagre historical record, but we have to go ahead in the light of recusant history with a reinterpretation of the plays, considering the extent to which they lend themselves to the Catholic viewpoint. This is not merely a matter of nostalgia for the mediaeval past, but it looks above all to the present sufferings of the “disinherited” English Catholics — in the light of the continued presence of Christ who is suffering, as Pascal famously noted, in his faithful even till the end of the world.

The World after the End of the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Saghafi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
End Of The World

In several late texts, Derrida meditated on Paul Celan's poem ‘Grosse, Glühende Wölbung’, in which the departure of the world is announced. Delving into the ‘origin’ and ‘history’ of the ‘conception’ of the world, this paper suggests that, for Derrida, the end of the world is determined by and from death—the death of the other. The death of the other marks, each and every time, the absolute end of the world.

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