scholarly journals Regional Variation in Attitude of Mental Health Professionals Towards Tackling Illicit Drug-use and Drug-related Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubusayo Akinola ◽  
Wen-Hung Kuo ◽  
John Oswald ◽  
Olawunmi Obisesan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Stochastic Domination

This study sought to assess the attitudes of Mental Health Professionals (MHPs) towards tackling illicit drug use and drug-related disorders in Nigeria and to explore regional variations in attitude. Based on the validated Substance Abuse Attitude Survey (SAAS), a quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted in a randomized sample of 292 MHPs practicing in neuropsychiatric hospitals and mental health departments of teaching hospitals from four geopolitical zones of Nigeria. A response rate of 81.1% was achieved. MHPs tended towards non-permissive, moralistic and stereotypic spectrum and exhibited distinctly defined attitude towards their professional role. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis established significant regional variation in the attitude of multidisciplinary MHPs, <em>H </em>(3)=18.727, <em>p</em>&lt; .0001 reflecting a stochastic domination across the region; therefore a step-down follow-up analysis was conducted. This analysis revealed that the distribution of attitude total-score varies significantly between the South-south and the Southwestern region (<em>p</em>&lt; .0001), the northeastern and southwestern region of the country (<em>p</em>&lt; .028).  A holistic approach towards standardization of drug treatment and care that takes into consideration possible regional variation in attitudes of MHPs should be implemented to foster the reintegration and rehabilitation of drug-using populations into the mainstream society.

Risk Factors for Illicit Drug Use Among Malaysian Male Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 48S-56S
Author(s):  
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani ◽  
Jane Ling Miaw Yn ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes ◽  
Rushidi Ramly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of illicit drug use and its associated factors among male adolescents in Malaysia. Data of 13 135 adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017, a cross-sectional survey among school-going adolescents in Malaysia aged between 13 and 17 years, using a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling. A complex sample design analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied. The overall prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among male adolescents was 6.6%. The multivariable model showed that illicit drug use among male adolescents were associated with younger age, rural school area, marital status of parent, current smoker, ever having sex, truancy, involved in physical fight, and lack of peer support. The findings from this study can assist community and relevant authorities in their efforts to combat illicit drug usage among adolescents using intervention programs that diminishes risk factors and enhances the protective factors.

Illicit drug use in cluster headache patients and in the general population: A comparative cross-sectional survey

Cephalalgia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (14) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Rossi ◽  
Marta Allena ◽  
Cristina Tassorelli ◽  
Grazia Sances ◽  
Cherubino Di Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Headache Patients

scholarly journals Music festival attendees’ illicit drug use, knowledge and practices regarding drug content and purity: a cross-sectional survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Day ◽  
Joshua Criss ◽  
Benjamin Griffiths ◽  
Shireen Kaur Gujral ◽  
Franklin John-Leader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Drug Content

Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey

Addiction ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1836-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili ◽  
Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar ◽  
Vandad Sharifi ◽  
Ahmad Hajebi ◽  
Reza Radgoodarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Survey

An ad hoc method for dual adjusting for measurement errors and nonresponse bias for estimating prevalence in survey data: Application to Iranian mental health survey on any illicit drug use

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 3062-3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Khalagi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mansournia ◽  
Seyed-Abbas Motevalian ◽  
Keramat Nourijelyani ◽  
Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Nonresponse Bias ◽  
Missing Not At Random ◽  
Mental Health Survey ◽  
Log Linear

Purpose The prevalence estimates of binary variables in sample surveys are often subject to two systematic errors: measurement error and nonresponse bias. A multiple-bias analysis is essential to adjust for both biases. Methods In this paper, we linked the latent class log-linear and proxy pattern-mixture models to adjust jointly for measurement errors and nonresponse bias with missing not at random mechanism. These methods were employed to estimate the prevalence of any illicit drug use based on Iranian Mental Health Survey data. Results After jointly adjusting for measurement errors and nonresponse bias in this data, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) estimate of any illicit drug use changed from 3.41 (3.00, 3.81)% to 27.03 (9.02, 38.76)%, 27.42 (9.04, 38.91)%, and 27.18 (9.03, 38.82)% under “missing at random,” “missing not at random,” and an intermediate mode, respectively. Conclusions Under certain assumptions, a combination of the latent class log-linear and binary-outcome proxy pattern-mixture models can be used to jointly adjust for both measurement errors and nonresponse bias in the prevalence estimation of binary variables in surveys.

scholarly journals Predictors of controlled prescription drug non-medical and lifetime use among patients accessing public mental health services in Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e037602
Author(s):  
Pakoyo Fadhiru Kamba ◽  
John Mulangwa ◽  
Peter Kageni ◽  
Sulah Balikuna ◽  
Allan Kengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Desk Review

ObjectivesWe determined the prevalence of controlled prescription drug (CPD) non-medical and lifetime use and their predictors among patients at three public psychiatric clinics in Uganda to identify missed care opportunities, enhanced screening priorities, and drug control needs.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 1275 patients was performed from November to December 2018. Interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaires, desk review guide and urine drug assays were employed. Questionnaire recorded CPD non-medical and illicit drug use history from patients’ files, CPD lifetime use and risk factors. Desk review guide recorded recently prescribed drugs in patients’ files to corroborate with urine assays. Predictors were analysed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsFrom desk review, 145 (11.4%) patients had history of CPD non-medical use and 36 (2.8%) had used illicit drugs. Of 988 patients who provided urine, 166 (16.8%) self-medicated CPDs, particularly benzodiazepines while 12 (1.2%) used illicit drugs. Of those with drug-positive urine, 123 (69.1%) had no documented history of CPD non-medical and illicit drug use. Being an inpatient (OR=10.90, p<0.001) was independently associated with CPD non-medical use. Additionally, being an inpatient (OR=8.29, p<0.001) and tobacco consumption (OR=1.85, p=0.041) were associated with CPD non-medical and illicit drug use combined. Among participants, 119 (9.3%) reported CPD lifetime use, and this was independently associated with education level (OR=2.71, p<0.001) and history of treatment for substance abuse (OR=2.08, p=0.018).ConclusionsCPD non-medical use is common among Uganda’s psychiatric patients, and more prevalent than illicit drug use. Rapid diagnostic assays may be needed in psychiatric care in resource limited settings. It is necessary to assess how CPD non-medical use impacts mental care outcomes and patient safety. High risk groups like inpatients and tobacco consumers should be prioritised in psychiatric screening.

Addressing the existential dimension in treatment settings: Mental health professionals’ and healthcare chaplains’ attitudes, practices, understanding and perceptions of value

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-276
Author(s):  
Hilde Frøkedal ◽  
Torgeir Sørensen ◽  
Torleif Ruud ◽  
Valerie DeMarinis ◽  
Hans Stifoss-Hanssen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Existential Dimension ◽  
Treatment Settings

Research has shown that addressing and integrating the existential dimension in treatment settings reduce symptoms like anxiety, depression and substance abuse. Healthcare chaplains are key personnel in this practice. A nationwide, cross-sectional survey influenced by a mixed-methods approach was used to examine the attitudes, practices, understanding and perceptions of mental health professionals, including healthcare chaplains, regarding the value of addressing the existential dimension in treatment programmes. The existential group practice was led by the healthcare chaplains as an integrated part of specialist mental health services. A positive and open attitude towards addressing the existential dimension was identified among the informants. Despite this, a small gap between attitude and practice was reported. Existential, religious and spiritual concerns are reported as part of the existential dimension and as relevant topics to be discussed in specialist mental health services. The findings indicate that the existential group practice could have a positive influence on the co-leaders’ competence to address existential, religious and spiritual concerns; however, this should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Association of illicit drug use in adolescence with socioeconomic and criminal justice outcomes in adulthood: prospective findings from a UK national birth cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213282
Author(s):  
James White ◽  
Steven Bell ◽  
G David Batty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
The Past

BackgroundIllicit drug use in adolescence has been linked to drug use and poor mental health in adult life, but few studies have examined the relation between adult economic and criminal justice outcomes.MethodsWe analysed data from 14 082 participants (6999 women) in the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study. Illicit drug use over study members’ lifetime and in the past year were self-reported at 16 years of age. Thirteen outcomes were self-reported at 30 years of age, including illicit drug use, smoking, problems with alcohol, mental and physical health, experience of socioeconomic disadvantage and experiences with the criminal justice system.ResultsAt 16 years of age, 20.3% of the participants had ever tried an illicit drug and 7.2% had used in the past year. After adjustment for childhood socioeconomic status and mental health problems, and following correction for multiple testing, there was a dose–response association between illicit drug use at 16 years with illicit drug use in adult life in the past year (OR; 95% CI – 1.83, 1.51 to 3.12), experiencing homelessness (1.74, 1.16 to 2.62), being arrested (1.57, 1.29 to 1.92) and cautioned (1.97, 1.50 to 2.57) by the police, and being found guilty at court (1.73, 1.34 to 2.23).ConclusionsAdolescent drug use was associated with an array of social and criminal outcomes in later life.

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