scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Plant Growth Exposed to Electric Fields

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Hussein Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafizi Ahmad ◽  
Noor 'Aliaa Awang ◽  
Izzah Hazirah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
High Power Transmission ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiations

<p>Electromagnetic radiations present in the environment has a profound effect on the growth of vegetable plant primarily grown under the high power transmission lines. The high electric field generated due to ultra high voltage causes the increase and reduction in the size of the plants. Numerous research have been carried out to investigate the effect of electric field on the plants. However, the knowledge in term of quantitative analysis on the effect of electric field on the growth of vegetables is not entirely understood. Thus, this paper presents a study conducted to investigate the effect of high voltage DC electric fields on the young vegetables growth namely ‘Choy Sam’ and bean sprout. The experimental setup was designed which composed of two parallel plate electrodes. This research was focused on the percentage of germination and growing rate of young vegetables. The growth of the young vegetables during exposure was calculated by using statistical methods. The analysis of the results showed that the electric fields and the electric fields treated water have influenced the germination rate and height of stems of both young vegetables causing the increase in stem height.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Estimating the electric field response to the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 magnetic storms across Scotland using observed geomagnetic fields, magnetotelluric impedances and perturbation tensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Simpson ◽  
Karsten Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Impedance Tensor ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Peak Electric Field

Geomagnetic storms generate heightened magnetovariational activity, which induces electric fields that drive hazardous currents known as geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) through man-made technological conductors including power transmission lines, railway networks and gas pipelines. We multiply magnetotelluric (MT) impedances from 23 sites in Scotland and northern England with measured geomagnetic field spectra from the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 storms to estimate maximum peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes and directions for these storms, which we present as hazard maps. By sampling these electric fields in the direction of the longest (>50 km), high-voltage (275 and 400 kV) Scottish power transmission lines and integrating along their lengths, we estimate their associated transmission-line voltages. Lateral electrical conductivity variations in the Earth generate horizontal magnetic field gradients. We investigate the effect of these gradients on electric field estimates obtained using remote magnetic fields by applying a correction to the impedance tensor derived from the magnetic perturbation tensor between the local MT site and the remote magnetic field site. For the September 2017 storm, we also compare our estimated electric fields with a unique dataset comprising measured storm-time electric fields from 7 MT sites. We find that peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes may have reached 13 V/km during the Halloween storm in some areas of the Scottish Highlands, with line-averaged electric fields >5 V/km sustained along a number of long-distance, high-voltage power transmission lines; line-averaged electric fields for the September 2017 storm are 1 V/km or less. Our surface electric fields show significant site-to-site variability that arises due to Earth’s internal 3D electrical conductivity structure, as characterised by the MT impedance tensors.

scholarly journals Global experience of HVDC composite insulators in outdoor and indoor environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-618
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akbar ◽  
Basharat Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Hvdc Transmission ◽  
Ceramic Insulators ◽  
High Power Transmission ◽  
Aging Performance

AbstractHigh-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is known as green-energy transfer technology and has recently become an attractive alternative of high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) due to its high-power transmission capability and lower power loss. Use of composite insulators on direct current (DC) transmission lines experienced rapid growth in recent years due to their high hydrophobicity and better performance in contaminated environment than conventional ceramic insulators. During their service operation on DC lines, insulators are prone to more accumulation of contaminants due to unidirectional electric field. The contaminants under wet conditions allow leakage current to flow on the insulator surface. Being organic in nature, polymeric insulators have a tendency to age under the combined effects of electrical and environmental stresses. To fully understand the long-term aging performance of DC composite insulators, a detailed survey was considered necessary. Towards that end, this paper critically summarizes worldwide experience of aging performance of composite insulators in the field as well as in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals NOVEL ELECTRIC FIELD EXPOSURE CONTROL METHODS FOR MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS INSTALLED IN VICINITY OF HIGH-VOLTAGE APPARATUS USING FEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-203
Author(s):  
Asaad Shemshadi ◽  
Pourya Khorampour
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Faraday Cage ◽  
Metal Shield ◽  
Story Building

Facilities and buildings installed nearby high voltage equipment and electric field exposure is always a serious threat to the health of organisms and can have a significant impact on the functioning of sensitive and vital organs such as the heart and brain. Therefore, it is necessary to study the electromagnetic field value in these areas to control the intensity and restrict the induced value regarding to international recommendations. In this paper, the effects of 230KV transmission line electric fields on the environment are examined by proper FEM software.The model under consideration in this project is a four story building adjacent to the 230KV transmission line.At first, the distance between the building and high voltage transmission lines and its relationship to the intensity of the electric field is examined, and then the intensity of the electric field is compared to the standards of the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). To continue, in places where the electric field exceeds the standard level value, solutions to reduce the intensity of the electric field to the tolerable value have been proposed.The first solution is to use a metal shield around the building as a Faraday cage, which weakens the potential for electric field value by creating an enclosed surface, the reduction rate is 4700%,both complete cage shape and incomplete cage shapes are considered in this study which reduces the exposure value to 62.5% of its initial value. The second approach to reducing the electric field is to use protective conductor paints against electromagnetic fields. In the following study, the effect of using trees as a barrier against electromagnetic radiation will be examined. Finally, the three proposed solutions are compared in terms of environmental constraints, economic justification, and the reduction in electric field value.

scholarly journals Do High-Voltage Power Transmission Lines Affect Forest Landscape and Vegetation Growth: Evidence from a Case for Southeastern of China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yuying Lin
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Landscape Types

The rapid growth of the network of high-voltage power transmission lines (HVPTLs) is inevitably covering more forest domains. However, no direct quantitative measurements have been reported of the effects of HVPTLs on vegetation growth. Thus, the impacts of HVPTLs on vegetation growth are uncertain. Taking one of the areas with the highest forest coverage in China as an example, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in Fujian Province, we quantitatively analyzed the effect of HVPTLs on forest landscape fragmentation and vegetation growth using Landsat imageries and forest inventory datasets. The results revealed that 0.9% of the forests became edge habitats assuming a 150 m depth-of-edge-influence by HVPTLs, and the forest plantations were the most exposed to HVPTLs among all the forest landscape types. Habitat fragmentation was the main consequence of HVPTL installation, which can be reduced by an increase in the patch density and a decrease in the mean patch area (MA), largest patch index (LPI), and effective mesh size (MESH). In all the landscape types, the forest plantation and the non-forest land were most affected by HVPTLs, with the LPI values decreasing by 44.1 and 20.8%, respectively. The values of MESH decreased by 44.2 and 32.2%, respectively. We found an obvious increasing trend in the values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in 2016 and NDVI growth during the period of 2007 to 2016 with an increase in the distance from HVPTL. The turning points of stability were 60 to 90 meters for HVPTL corridors and 90 to 150 meters for HVPTL pylons, which indicates that the pylons have a much greater impact on NDVI and its growth than the lines. Our research provides valuable suggestions for vegetation protection, restoration, and wildfire management after the construction of HVPTLs.

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