scholarly journals NOVEL ELECTRIC FIELD EXPOSURE CONTROL METHODS FOR MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS INSTALLED IN VICINITY OF HIGH-VOLTAGE APPARATUS USING FEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-203
Author(s):  
Asaad Shemshadi ◽  
Pourya Khorampour
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Faraday Cage ◽  
Metal Shield ◽  
Story Building

Facilities and buildings installed nearby high voltage equipment and electric field exposure is always a serious threat to the health of organisms and can have a significant impact on the functioning of sensitive and vital organs such as the heart and brain. Therefore, it is necessary to study the electromagnetic field value in these areas to control the intensity and restrict the induced value regarding to international recommendations. In this paper, the effects of 230KV transmission line electric fields on the environment are examined by proper FEM software.The model under consideration in this project is a four story building adjacent to the 230KV transmission line.At first, the distance between the building and high voltage transmission lines and its relationship to the intensity of the electric field is examined, and then the intensity of the electric field is compared to the standards of the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). To continue, in places where the electric field exceeds the standard level value, solutions to reduce the intensity of the electric field to the tolerable value have been proposed.The first solution is to use a metal shield around the building as a Faraday cage, which weakens the potential for electric field value by creating an enclosed surface, the reduction rate is 4700%,both complete cage shape and incomplete cage shapes are considered in this study which reduces the exposure value to 62.5% of its initial value. The second approach to reducing the electric field is to use protective conductor paints against electromagnetic fields. In the following study, the effect of using trees as a barrier against electromagnetic radiation will be examined. Finally, the three proposed solutions are compared in terms of environmental constraints, economic justification, and the reduction in electric field value.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Plant Growth Exposed to Electric Fields

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Hussein Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hafizi Ahmad ◽  
Noor 'Aliaa Awang ◽  
Izzah Hazirah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
High Power Transmission ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiations

<p>Electromagnetic radiations present in the environment has a profound effect on the growth of vegetable plant primarily grown under the high power transmission lines. The high electric field generated due to ultra high voltage causes the increase and reduction in the size of the plants. Numerous research have been carried out to investigate the effect of electric field on the plants. However, the knowledge in term of quantitative analysis on the effect of electric field on the growth of vegetables is not entirely understood. Thus, this paper presents a study conducted to investigate the effect of high voltage DC electric fields on the young vegetables growth namely ‘Choy Sam’ and bean sprout. The experimental setup was designed which composed of two parallel plate electrodes. This research was focused on the percentage of germination and growing rate of young vegetables. The growth of the young vegetables during exposure was calculated by using statistical methods. The analysis of the results showed that the electric fields and the electric fields treated water have influenced the germination rate and height of stems of both young vegetables causing the increase in stem height.</p><p> </p>

Research on Non-contact Voltage Transducer for High-Voltage Transmission Lines Based on Inverse Problem of Electric Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Mengting Yu ◽  
Jingang Wang ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Hu Peng ◽  
Lan Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
The Real ◽  
Voltage Transducer ◽  
High Voltage Transmission

Abstract A new method to measure the voltage in a grid has been proposed based on the studies of a novel electronic voltage transducer for the high-voltage power transmission equipment using the charge induction principle and electromagnetic computing method. The voltage measuring method has been improved, the real-time electric field position and orientation near the high-voltage transmission lines has been measured and the real-time voltage has been calculated by computing the electric field inverse problem. According to the electric field simulation with test data, the data compensation and calibration calculation were carried out. With the rapid engineering method on computing voltage, a non-contact electronic voltage transducer has been developed. First, we did the confirmatory test of the electric field detection and designed the preliminary model of the sensor. By the contrast test of voltage detection, the sensor was able to realize the voltage detection, but the precision was not high enough. Next, the measuring mechanism of the voltage transducer was analyzed taking account of strong interference from electromagnetic field, electric field distortion, changes in temperature and humidity, and impact between adjacent electric fields and conductor galloping. The measuring accuracy was satisfied by data compensation.

scholarly journals Estimating the electric field response to the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 magnetic storms across Scotland using observed geomagnetic fields, magnetotelluric impedances and perturbation tensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Simpson ◽  
Karsten Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Impedance Tensor ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Peak Electric Field

Geomagnetic storms generate heightened magnetovariational activity, which induces electric fields that drive hazardous currents known as geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) through man-made technological conductors including power transmission lines, railway networks and gas pipelines. We multiply magnetotelluric (MT) impedances from 23 sites in Scotland and northern England with measured geomagnetic field spectra from the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 storms to estimate maximum peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes and directions for these storms, which we present as hazard maps. By sampling these electric fields in the direction of the longest (>50 km), high-voltage (275 and 400 kV) Scottish power transmission lines and integrating along their lengths, we estimate their associated transmission-line voltages. Lateral electrical conductivity variations in the Earth generate horizontal magnetic field gradients. We investigate the effect of these gradients on electric field estimates obtained using remote magnetic fields by applying a correction to the impedance tensor derived from the magnetic perturbation tensor between the local MT site and the remote magnetic field site. For the September 2017 storm, we also compare our estimated electric fields with a unique dataset comprising measured storm-time electric fields from 7 MT sites. We find that peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes may have reached 13 V/km during the Halloween storm in some areas of the Scottish Highlands, with line-averaged electric fields >5 V/km sustained along a number of long-distance, high-voltage power transmission lines; line-averaged electric fields for the September 2017 storm are 1 V/km or less. Our surface electric fields show significant site-to-site variability that arises due to Earth’s internal 3D electrical conductivity structure, as characterised by the MT impedance tensors.

scholarly journals Development of Future Compact and Eco-Friendly HVDC Gas-Insulated Systems: Shape Optimization of a DC Spacer Model and Novel Materials Investigation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3288
Author(s):  
Nabila Zebouchi ◽  
Haoluan Li ◽  
Manu A. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Temperature Dependent Conductivity ◽  
Epoxy Material ◽  
Reduced Scale

Testing and validating the electrical insulation performance of full-size compact high-voltage direct current (HVDC) gas-insulated systems, gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) and gas-insulated switchgears (GIS) is very costly and take long time. Therefore, a reduced scale system was designed and constructed to study thoroughly the spacer’s performance when subjected to higher electric fields under HVDC with different shapes, made of new advanced materials, and housed in new SF6-free gas environment. Since the stationary DC electric field distribution along the spacer is controlled by spacer material conductivity and strongly depends upon its shape, this, the first part of two articles, proposes in a first step based on electric field calculations with COMSOL Multiphysics software, an optimized shape of a spacer model using a standard high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) alumina-filled epoxy material. Then, two novel types of materials were introduced and investigated: (i) modified filled epoxy material with a lower temperature-dependent conductivity than that of the standard HVAC material, which is interpreted by a lower thermal activation energy; and (ii) nonlinear resistive field grading material with a low nonlinearity coefficient, with and without the presence of a temperature gradient which occurs under operating service load. The numerical results show that, despite that the DC optimized profile of the spacer made of standard HVAC, alumina-filled epoxy is very effective in relaxing the electric field magnitudes along the spacer under uniform temperature—its distribution is significantly affected by the presence of a high temperature gradient causing the maximum electric field shifts along the spacer surface towards the earthed flange. Under this condition, the modified filled epoxy material with a weaker temperature-dependent conductivity results in a significant reduction of the electric field enhancement, representing thus a relevant key solution for HVDC GIL/GIS applications. Nonlinear resistive field grading material is also effective but seems unnecessary. The optimized DC spacer models are being fabricated for tests verification with C4-Perfluoronitrile (C4-PFN, 3MTM NovecTM 4710)/CO2 and Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I)/CO2 gas mixtures in the reduced scale gas-insulated test prototype.

scholarly journals BEM Modelling of High Voltage ELF electric field applied to a 3D pregnant woman model

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Peratta ◽  
Andres Peratta ◽  
Dragan Poljak
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Element Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Geometrical Properties

The paper introduces a three dimensional multidomainboundary element model of a pregnant woman and foetus for the analysis of exposure to high voltage extremely low frequency electric fields. The definition of the differentphysical and geometrical properties of the relevant tissues is established according to medical information available in existing literature. The model takes into account changes in geometry, body mass, body fat, and overall chemical composition in the body which influence the electrical properties, throughout the different gestational periods. The developed model is used to solve the case of exposure to overhead power transmission lines at different stages of pregnancy including weeks 8, 13, 26 and 38. The results obtained are in line with those published in the earlier works considering different approaches. In addition, a sensitivity analysis involving varying scenarios of conductivity, foetus postures and geometry for each stage is defined and solved. Finally, a correlation between the externally applied electric field and the current density inside the foetus is established and the zones of maximum exposure are identified.

Analysis of 50Hz Electric Fields Generated by Multi-Circuit Transmission Lines on the Same Tower

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Fei Gu ◽  
Jie Wei ◽  
Hong Wei Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Overhead Transmission Lines ◽  
Domestic Security ◽  
Phase Sequence ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Security Standards

The finite element method has been applied to calculate the 50Hz electric fields nearby the transmission lines. The electric field strengths nearby multi-circuit transmission lines on the same tower under different arrangement of phase sequence, nearby the cross-arm are calculated. According to the foreign and domestic security standards of 50Hz electric field, the impacts of overhead transmission lines on environment are evaluated and the adoptable measures to reduce electric field strength are proposed. Meanwhile the distributing pattern of the electric field nearby the cross-arm is analyzed and proposals for further protection measures during maintenance operation are provided.

An Electroscope System Based on Electric Field Measurement Method for UHV Transmission Lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Xiaochu Luo ◽  
Yongchang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Electric Field Measurement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Regularization ◽  
Uhv Transmission Lines ◽  
Internet Network

The paper describes an electric field measurement method based electroscope system to check the electrification state of ultra-high voltage transmission lines, which is composed of three parts: 1) Measuring terminal; 2) Central sever; 3) GPRS and Internet network. The measuring terminal was used to measure the electric field and the location of the measuring points, then the measured data was sent to the central sever by GPRS and Internet network, and requested for an electricity state confirmation.When the sever received a request from a terminal, the electric fields and locations of the measuring points were obtained first, then according to the location of the measuring points, the server searches the corresponding objective transmission lines in the database and read their parameters. According to the parameters of the measuring points and transmission lines, a calculation would be carried out to confirm the electrification state of the transmission lines. For the confirmation calculation, equations for the electric field inverse problem of the transmission lines were set up first, then global regularization and damped Gauss Newton (DGN) method were used to solve the inverse problem.A 500kV double loops transmission line was taken as an example to verify the validity of this method. The electric field and location of 11 measuring points were measured by the measuring terminal firstly, and then sent to the central sever. Electrification state was confirmed by the central sever.

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