scholarly journals Occurrence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in slaughter pigs from Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. e150072
Author(s):  
Violetta Dias Pacce ◽  
Natasha Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Sérgio Jorge ◽  
Odir Antônio Dellagostin
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Gross Lesions

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia (EP), a disease that is highly prevalent and globally distributed, causing significant economic losses to the swine industry. Disease progression is characterized by reduced feed conversion and the development of lung lesions. Considering the limited information about the epidemiology of EP in Southern Brazil, the main objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of M. hyopneumoniae in swine lung samples and to evaluate the scores of lung lesions caused by local strains. A total of 120 samples was randomly collected and processed. DNA was extracted from lung tissue to perform nested-PCR and lungs were inspected to evaluate the presence of the pneumonia-like gross lesions of M. hyopneumoniae. The results showed 95.8% positive samples, while the lung lesion score analysis showed suggestive lesions in 60% of samples. The detection of positive samples in nested-PCR was associated with the presence of pneumonia-like gross lesions (P < 0.01). The results demonstrate a high occurrence of EP in slaughter pigs from southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Prevalence, distribution and pattern of gastric lesions in slaughtered pigs in south-western Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipo O. Omotosho ◽  
Benjamin O. Emikpe ◽  
Olalekan T. Lasisi ◽  
Theophilus A. Jarikre
Keyword(s):  
Standard Technique ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Frequency Counts ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

Gastric lesions, especially ulceration, cause significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. The study was designed to assess its prevalence, distribution and pattern in pigs in south-western Nigeria. Slaughter house surveys were conducted on three government-established abattoirs in Lagos, Ogun and Oyo states. Stomachs from 480 pigs were assessed for gross lesions, which were graded using a modification of a standard technique. Tissues from different regions of the stomach were routinely stained to assess histopathologic changes. Data were presented as frequency counts and analysed using analysis of variance and chi-square technique. Significance was determined at p ≤ 0.05. Gastric lesions were encountered across the four regions of the stomach with a point prevalence of 57.29%. The prevalence of lesions in the non-glandular region was 32.9%, with severe hyperkeratosis (13.13%) being most frequently observed (p < 0.05). Erosions were significantly higher in the cardia (8.54%) (p < 0.05), followed by fundus (8.33%). Gastric ulcers were significantly higher in the fundus (19.58%) (p < 0.05). Scars of healed ulcers and lacerations were also observed in the fundus (5.42%) (p < 0.05). The gastric lesion distribution across the four regions of the stomach and the occurrence of ulceration in the fundus showed an unusual pattern, which is rarely reported in other parts of the world. The reason for these findings in pigs in Nigeria is not fully understood; therefore, further studies are required to identify and manage these factors for increased productivity, improved animal welfare and enhanced food security.Keywords: prevalence; gastric; lesions; fundic ulcers; pigs

scholarly journals Impact of diversity of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains on lung lesions in slaughter pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies Michiels ◽  
Katleen Vranckx ◽  
Sofie Piepers ◽  
Rubén Del Pozo Sacristán ◽  
Ioannis Arsenakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Slaughter Pigs

scholarly journals A Candidate Multi-epitope Vaccine Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhisong Gao ◽  
Lingxiao Chen ◽  
Xuan Pan ◽  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Guangzong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Combined Vaccine ◽  
Epitope Vaccines

Abstract Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae, Mhp) are two of the most common pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) which results in significant worldwide economic losses. Vaccination is reported to be the most effective approach to prevent the disease. Since PRRSV and Mhp co-infections are very common, an efficient dual vaccine against PRRSV and Mhp co-infections is required for the global swine industry. Compare with the traditional vaccine, the multi-epitope vaccines have several advantages, such as comparatively easy production and construction, chemical stability, and lack of infectious potential.Results: In this study, to develop a safe and effective vaccine, B cell epitopes and T cell epitopes of PRRSV-GP5, PRRSV-M, Mhp-P46 and Mhp-P65 protein had been screened to construct a recombinant epitope protein rEP-PM which has good hydrophilicity, strong antigenicity and high surface accessibility, and each epitope is independent and complete. After immunization in mice, rEP-PM could induce the production of high levels of antibodies and effective cellular immune response.Conclusions: Our results showed that the rEP-PM protein could be potential candidate to develop into a safe and effective multi-epitope peptide combined vaccine used in the control of PRRSV and Mhp infection.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-farrowing sow vaccination against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on offspring colonisation and lung lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (7) ◽  
pp. 222-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Arsenakis ◽  
Annelies Michiels ◽  
Gabriele Schagemann ◽  
Charles Oliver Gomez-Duran ◽  
Filip Boyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Lesion Score ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Colonisation Rate

This study investigated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonisation and lung lesions at slaughter in pigs from vaccinated (V) and non-vaccinated (NV) sows, in two herds (A and B). In each herd, two sow batches were V against M. hyopneumoniae with a commercial bacterin at six and three weeks before farrowing and two sow batches remained NV. From each sow batch, laryngeal swabs were collected from the litters of five primiparous sows at weaning and seven days post-weaning. All samples were tested for M. hyopneumoniae by nested PCR. In total, 488 piglets were sampled. At slaughter, the extent of Mycoplasma-like pneumonia lesions (lung lesion score (LLS)) was assessed. The colonisation rates with M. hyopneumoniae at weaning and seven days post-weaning were (V-A=14.2, NV-A=20.0 (P=0.225); V-B=0.9, NV-B=0.8 (P=0.948)) and (V-A=0.8, NV-A=7.0 (P=0.039); V-B=1.8, NV-B=2.5 (P=0.738)), respectively. The average LLS (in per cent) was V-A=15.5, NV-A=26.4 (P=0.021); V-B=9.7, NV-B=8.4 (P=0.541). In conclusion, in herd A, with a substantially higher level of piglet colonisation at weaning than herd B, offspring from V sows had a significantly lower colonisation rate seven days post-weaning and a significantly lower LLS at slaughter compared with the offspring of the NV sows. This implies that sow vaccination might be useful for control of M. hyopneumoniae infections, although significant results may not be achieved at all times (such as in herd B).

scholarly journals The use of tylvalosin (Aivlosin®) in the successful elimination of swine dysentery on a farrow-to-finish herd

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
P. Vyt ◽  
L. Vandepitte ◽  
A. Dereu ◽  
M. Roozen
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Swine Dysentery

Swine dysentery causes severe economic losses in swine industry. Eliminating the disease at farm level can become problematic when resistance of the causative agent, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, against pleuromutilins is reported. In this study, the use of tylvalosin (Aivlosin®) in eliminating the disease in a single-site, farrow-to-finish herd was evaluated. In addition, productivity parameters and antimicrobial use were compared prior to and after implementing the elimination protocol. On a mixed farm of 200 sows and 1500 finishers with a history of chronic dysentery, the B. hyodysenteriae isolate was resistant to pleuromutilins but had a low minimum inhibitory concentration for tylvalosin (2 μg/ml). Combined with a strict program for rodent control and hygiene, sows were treated with tylvalosin at a dose of 4.25 mg/kg BW daily for four weeks. The sows were washed one week after the start of the treatment before entering a clean stable. Piglets born from sows that had received this treatment, were considered free from dysentery and were kept separated from infected, untreated animals on the farm. A monitoring program with monthly sampling of sows and fatteners was installed to evaluate the absence of B. hyodysenteriae on the farm. After treatment, the clinical symptoms in the treated sows disappeared and remained absent in the offspring born after the procedure. Fecal samples examined by PCR remained negative for the whole testing period (14 months after the end of the treatment) and no clinical outbreaks were reported afterwards. The feed conversion ratio improved by 12%, the mortality rate with 37% and the antimicrobial use decreased by 71.5%. We conclude that the elimination of swine dysentery on a single-site, farrow-to-finish herd is possible using tylvalosin (AivlosinR) combined with strict hygiene and rodent control. The improvements of the technical parameters in this study are not only the result of the elimination of B. hyodysenteriae, but also changes in management practices influenced these parameters.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Strain KM014, a Clinical Isolate from South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemin Han ◽  
Byung-Sun Park ◽  
Dong-Ju Shin ◽  
Soo-Yeol Song ◽  
Young-Ju Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Data

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, resulting in considerable economic losses in the swine industry. A few genome sequences of M. hyopneumoniae have been reported to date, implying that additional genome data are needed for further genetic studies. Here, we present the annotated genome sequence of M. hyopneumoniae strain KM014.

Occurrence and severity of lung lesions in slaughter pigs vaccinated against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae with different strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Hillen ◽  
Stephan von Berg ◽  
Kernt Köhler ◽  
Manfred Reinacher ◽  
Hermann Willems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Slaughter Pigs

scholarly journals Detection of Pseudorabies Virus in Wild Boar Foetus

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Irene Pacini ◽  
Mario Forzan ◽  
Giovanni Cilia ◽  
Lucrezia Bernardini ◽  
Filippo Marzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Pseudorabies Virus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Reproductive Consequences ◽  
Embryonic Death

Pseudorabies, or Aujeszky’s disease, is a notifiable worldwide infection of domestic and feral swine that causes economic losses for the swine industry. In domestic pigs, the virus is responsible for nervous and/or respiratory symptoms; in pregnant sows, it is one of the major causes of stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, and infertility (SMEDI). It is known that PRV infection in wild boar is associated with low pathogenicity and attenuated or absent symptomatology, but limited information is available about the ability of the virus to infect the foetuses of infected wild boar pregnant sows. Due to scarce information about the reproductive consequences, we investigate the possible intrauterine vertical transmission of the virus in wild boar pregnant sow living in a highly infected area. A number of 54 hunted wild boar were sampled during 2018–2019, and blood, genital and nasal swabs, placenta, and fetuses were collected for serological and molecular investigations. A seroprevalence of 74% (40/54) was detected, while 1/24 pregnant sow and 1/24 pooled foetuses tested positive by PCR (gene gB). This is the first evidence of viral detection in foetuses from seropositive pregnant wild boar. This finding suggests the possible pathogenetic role of PRV on pregnancy in wild boar and the existence of an additional transmission route.

Molecular detection of equine infectious anemia virus in clinically normal, seronegative horses in an endemic area of Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110061
Author(s):  
César I. Romo-Sáenz ◽  
Patricia Tamez-Guerra ◽  
Aymee Olivas-Holguin ◽  
Yareellys Ramos-Zayas ◽  
Nelson Obregón-Macías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Equine Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus ◽  
Equine Industry

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a highly infectious disease in members of the Equidae family, caused by equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). The disease severity ranges from subclinical to acute or chronic, and causes significant economic losses in the equine industry worldwide. Serologic tests for detection of EIAV infection have some concerns given the prolonged seroconversion time. Therefore, molecular methods are needed to improve surveillance programs for this disease. We attempted detection of EIAV in 6 clinical and 42 non-clinical horses in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico, using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for antibody detection, and nested and hemi-nested PCR for detection of proviral DNA. We found that 6 of 6, 5 of 6, and 6 of 6 clinical horses were positive by AGID, nested PCR, and hemi-nested PCR, respectively, whereas 0 of 42, 1 of 42, and 9 of 42 non-clinical horses were positive by these tests, respectively. BLAST analysis of the 203-bp 5′-LTR/ tat segment of PCR product revealed 83–93% identity with EIAV isolates in GenBank and reference strains from other countries. By phylogenetic analysis, our Mexican samples were grouped in a different clade than other sequences reported worldwide, indicating that the LRT/ tat region represents an important target for the detection of non-clinical horses.

Swine influenza vaccines: current status and future perspectives

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Ma ◽  
Jürgen A. Richt
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Swine Disease ◽  
And Control

AbstractSwine influenza is an important contagious disease in pigs caused by influenza A viruses. Although only three subtypes of influenza A viruses, H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2, predominantly infect pigs worldwide, it is still a big challenge for vaccine manufacturers to produce efficacious vaccines for the prevention and control of swine influenza. Swine influenza viruses not only cause significant economic losses for the swine industry, but are also important zoonotic pathogens. Vaccination is still one of the most important and effective strategies to prevent and control influenza for both the animal and human population. In this review, we will discuss the current status of swine influenza worldwide as well as current and future options to control this economically important swine disease.

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