scholarly journals The relationship between artificial food supply and natural food selection in two troops of commensal Hamadryas Baboons Papio hamadryas (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae) in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 10741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Boug ◽  
M. Zafar-ul Islam ◽  
Toshitaka Iwamoto ◽  
Akio Mori ◽  
Akihiro Yamane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Hamadryas Baboons ◽  
Artificial Food ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
The Relationship

The Hamadryas Baboon is the only nonhuman primate to inhabit the Arabian Peninsula.  In Saudi Arabia, Hamadryas Baboons are known to rely on both human and natural plant foods.  We examined the relationship between artificial food supply and natural food selection in two commensal hamadryas troops in different habitats in Saudi Arabia.  Alhada had richer vegetation, while the Dam Site featured ground vegetation heavily damaged by overgrazing.  The baboons’ diets, including dependency on artificial foods, reflected the status of the natural habitat.  The availability of fresh vegetation following significant rainfalls at both sites reduced the Baboons’ dependence on artificial foods. In the richer habitat, rainfall was significantly correlated with natural diet diversity and time spent feeding on natural foods.  Both troops spent more time feeding during periods of high provisioning of artificial food, and the percentage of feeding on natural foods decreased when provisioning was high.  The baboons fed on natural foods throughout the year despite the availability of human foods.  We suggest the need for a nutritionally balanced diet has kept the baboons from becoming completely dependent on human foods.  Effectively preserving natural vegetation should enable commensal baboons to spend more time feeding on natural foods, thereby reducing human-wildlife conflict. 

scholarly journals Serological evidence of coronavirus infections in native hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hamadryas) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 2030-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. OLARINMOYE ◽  
B.O. OLUGASA ◽  
H. NIPHUIS ◽  
R.V. HERWIJNEN ◽  
E. VERSCHOOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hamadryas Baboon ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hamadryas Baboons ◽  
Papio Hamadryas Hamadryas ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

SUMMARYThe hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas hamadryas) is the only indigenous species of non-human primates (NHP) found in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). There are no peer-reviewed publications on viral infections of the baboons of KSA. Apart from camels, other animals are likely sources of the novel Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) for humans. We investigated evidence of highly pathogenic coronavirus infections including MERSCoV in a large group of commensal baboons accompanied by feral dogs, on the outskirts of Ta'if city, KSA, in February 2013. Fifty baboons (16 juveniles and 34 adults) were screened for serum antibodies to human coronaviruses (HCoV-043/-NL63/-229) and canine coronaviruses (CCoV-1-3) using direct Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique and for MERSCoV antibodies using Serum Neutralization Test (SNT). Of the 50 sampled baboons, 22% (n= 11) were seropositive to HCoVs, 10% (n= 5) were seropositive to CCoVs, while none had detectable MERSCoV antibodies. These findings bear potentially significant implications for public health, canine health and baboon conservation efforts, necessitating follow-up investigations and preventive measures at locations where baboons frequent human habitations, or are regarded as tourist attractions, in KSA.

Extra-unit paternity of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) in Saudi Arabia

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yamane ◽  
T. Shotake ◽  
A. Mori ◽  
A.I. Boug ◽  
T. Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Hamadryas Baboons

Gebirgswaldpflege – es kommt auf den Standort an | Mountain silviculture – it all depends on the site

2001 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Frehner
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Snow Mould ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Protection Forests

The article shows that knowledge of the site of a particular forest stand, together with research results and experience, can provide information that is important for the cultivation of mountain forests, including knowledge of the composition of the tree species and the structure and growth capacity of natural forest. Furthermore, certain sites can, thus, be characterized by factors that influence restocking, such as snow mould,lush ground vegetation or low temperature. The guidelines«minimale Pflegemassnahmen» – «Minimal tending of protection forests» (WASSER und FREHNER, 1996) are based on this principle. For individual sites, warnings about natural dangers such as rock fall or statements concerning nature conservation can be made (e.g., the occurrence of tree species, suitability as a biotope for Capercaille). In conclusion, two research projects on the relationship between site and natural dangers will be presented.

The nutritional consequences of foraging in primates: the relationship of nutrient intakes to nutrient requirements

1991 ◽  
Vol 334 (1270) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Selection ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Dietary Protein ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Many studies have examined the proportion of time that primates devote to feeding on various types of food, but relatively little is known about the intake rates associated with each food. However, the nutritional consequences of foraging can only be interpreted by comparing nutrient intakes with estimated nutrient requirements. The energy available to primates from ingested foods will depend both on the composition of the food and the extent to which various constituents, including fibre fractions, are digested. Both human and non-human primates have relatively low requirements for protein as a consequence of slow growth rates, small milk yields and relatively dilute milk. Because the nutrient demands of growth and reproduction are spread out over time, it appears that primates do not need to seek out foods of particularly high nutrient density, except perhaps during weaning. Although food selection in some species of primates appears to be correlated with the protein concentration of foods, it is unlikely that high dietary protein levels are required, at least when foods of balanced amino acid composition (such as leaves) are included in the diet.

Diet and Hyperactivity: Is There a Relationship?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Fredrick J. Stare ◽  
Elizabeth M. Whelan ◽  
Margaret Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Food ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Noticeable Improvement ◽  
Hyperactive Children ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Artificial Food Colors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Food Colors ◽  
Popular Books

In 1973 Dr Ben Feingold, a California allergist, proposed that salicylates, artificial flavors, and artificial food colors are a cause of hyperactivity. Dr Feingold recommended a diet free of these substances as both treatment and prevention of the condition. He has published two popular books on the subject, Why Your Child Is Hyperactive (1974) and The Feingold Cookbook for Hyperactive Children (1979). Many parents have adopted the diet for their hyperactive children, and some have reported a noticeable improvement in their child's behavior when the diet was followed. In recent years a number of experiments have been carried out to evaluate the relationship between hyperactivity, salicylates, artificial food colors, and artificial flavors. The data indicate that the symptoms of the vast majority of cases of children labeled "hyperactive" are not related to additives in their diet.

Antecedents of horizontal logistics collaboration in agri-food supply chains

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Badraoui ◽  
Ivo van der Lans ◽  
Youssef Boulaksil ◽  
Jack G.A.J. van der Vorst
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) characteristics on the antecedents of horizontal logistics collaboration (HLC). Specifically, the study compares the relationship between collaboration activities and outcomes for companies in and outside AFSCs.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a survey was used to collect data from different industries. Second, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to compare the measurement and structural models from different industry categories.FindingsThe results support the premise that collaboration improves trust and commitment in the relationship, which in turn enhance satisfaction. The results also show the existence of a minor influence of AFSCs characteristics on HLC antecedents, in the form of an indirect impact of dedicated investments on commitment.Practical implicationsThe factors having a significant influence on the collaboration outcomes and their respective effects are generally similar across food and nonfood supply chains, providing opportunities for interdisciplinary and collaboration experiences.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the body of knowledge on interfirm collaboration by considering the specificities of HLC. It also highlights the importance of conducting contingency research on collaborative experiences, as firms from different industry contexts operate under distinct operational conditions.

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