Status of Sumatran Tiger in the Berbak-Sembilang landscape (2020)

Monitoring the status of the Critically Endangered Sumatran Tiger Panthera tigris sumatrae is a key component for assessing the effectiveness of conservation interventions, and thus informing and adapting strategic planning for the remaining 600 Sumatran Tigers on the island. The Berbak-Sembilang National Park is an integral part of the priority Berbak-Sembilang Tiger Conservation Landscape, in a unique habitat of mixed peat and freshwater swamp in eastern Sumatra. Our camera trap survey covered both the Berbak and Sembilang Tiger Core Areas (BTCA, STCA) over a period of 10 years, with surveys undertaken in 2010, 2015, 2018–2019. The most recent population density estimates (BTCA 1.33 adults/100 km2, 95% CI 0.82–1.91 with 19 adults; and STCA 0.56 adults/100 km2, 95% CI 0.45–0.89 with five adults) confirmed a small but stable population. A landscape level management approach is a priority for tiger population recovery, consolidating ground-based protection and establishing a well-maintained fire management system with reforestation of affected areas along with multi-stakeholder engagement and partnerships. The study also recommends extending the BTCA to include the primary swamp forest in the north of the national park, based on evidence from camera trap surveys.

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Establishment and Management of Fish Sanctuary for Conserving Indigenous Fish Diversity in the Largest Freshwater Swamp Forest of Bangladesh: A Community Based Management Approach

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3932095 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mrityunjoy Kunda ◽

Debraj Ray ◽

Debasish Pandit ◽

Ahmed Harun-Al-Rashid

Keyword(s):

Management Approach ◽

Fish Diversity ◽

Community Based ◽

Swamp Forest ◽

Freshwater Swamp

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Human–tiger Panthera tigris conflict and its perception in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605313000483 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 522-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Babu R. Bhattarai ◽

Klaus Fischer

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Local Communities ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Annual Loss ◽

Monetary Compensation ◽

Tiger Conservation ◽

Human Wildlife Conflict

AbstractHuman–wildlife conflict is a significant problem that often results in retaliatory killing of predators. Such conflict is particularly pronounced between humans and tigers Panthera tigris because of fatal attacks by tigers on humans. We investigated the incidence and perception of human–tiger conflict in the buffer zone of Bardia National Park, Nepal, by interviewing 273 local householders and 27 key persons (e.g. representatives of local communities, Park officials). Further information was compiled from the Park's archives. The annual loss of livestock attributable to tigers was 0.26 animals per household, amounting to an annual loss of 2% of livestock. Livestock predation rates were particularly high in areas with low abundance of natural prey. During 1994–2007 12 people were killed and a further four injured in tiger attacks. Nevertheless, local people generally had a positive attitude towards tiger conservation and were willing to tolerate some loss of livestock but not human casualties. This positive attitude indicates the potential for implementation of appropriate conservation measures and we propose mitigation strategies such as education, monetary compensation and monitoring of tigers.

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The protection of forested coastal wetlands in Southern Sumatra: a regional strategy for integrating conservation and development

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc980366 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 366 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jim Davie ◽

Effendy Sumardja

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Coastal Wetlands ◽

National Park ◽

Coastal Wetland ◽

Local Area ◽

Population Pressure ◽

Multiple Use ◽

The South ◽

Swamp Forest ◽

Freshwater Swamp

The coastal wetland ecosystems of South-east Asia are seriously threatened by increasing population pressure and by conversion to a range of uses from urban to forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. These ecosystems include mangroves, but also encompass coastal peatswamp forest and freshwater swamp forest. Solutions to the conservation problems require strategies which put individual areas into a regional and biogeographic context and address not only pressure within each area, but also attempt to solve the causes of these pressures. The coastal wetlands on the east coast of southern Sumatra provide an example of the types of problems that are widespread in the region. They are also of considerable ecological significance for their biodiversity and in regulating the ecological conditions of the productive inshore waters of the Java Sea. The Berbak National Park is perhaps the best representation of original peatswamp forest remaining in SE Asia, while the mangrove communities of Sembilang and associated rivers immediately to the south are of paramount value not only because they represent substantially intact natural communities, but also because they contain intact ecological gradients inland to palmswamp and peatswamp communities above the saltwater/freshwater interface. The three locations considered in this paper are of international importance as waterbird and wader habitat and Berbak is a Ramsar site. Nevertheless, human pressure is rapidly increasing. Intense pressure on the northern coastline of Jambi Province is driving a growing population along the coastal fringe adjacent to the Berbak National Park, while commercial forestry and a transmigration settlement to the south-west of Sembilang is also a source of increasing human activity. Extensive forest fires during the long dry season of 1994 resulted in widespread destruction of peatswamp forest on the borders of Sembilang and Berbak and allowed further encroachrnent to occur there. In this paper a set of proposals for conservation of the coastal wetland communities of southern Sumatra are presented. These proposals emphasize a range of land use approaches which contemporary conservation planning have available. They provide examples of local area multiple use and resource substitution techniques, zoning approaches, and potentially significant ecotourism opportunities. Taken together it is argued that these approaches are not only appropriate for site management, but will also relieve pressure associated with a continuing process of ad hoc and planned settlement and conversion which has characterized the region since the 1960s.

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Opportunity for Thailand's forgotten tigers: assessment of the Indochinese tiger Panthera tigris corbetti and its prey with camera-trap surveys

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605319000589 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eric Ash ◽

Żaneta Kaszta ◽

Adisorn Noochdumrong ◽

Tim Redford ◽

Prawatsart Chanteap ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Prey Species ◽

Critical Role ◽

Critical Time ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Population Declines ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Breeding Populations ◽

Tiger Conservation

Abstract Dramatic population declines threaten the Endangered Indochinese tiger Panthera tigris corbetti with extinction. Thailand now plays a critical role in its conservation, as there are few known breeding populations in other range countries. Thailand's Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex is recognized as an important tiger recovery site, but it remains poorly studied. Here, we present results from the first camera-trap study focused on tigers and implemented across all protected areas in this landscape. Our goal was to assess tiger and prey populations across the five protected areas of this forest complex, reviewing discernible patterns in rates of detection. We conducted camera-trap surveys opportunistically during 2008–2017. We recorded 1,726 detections of tigers in 79,909 camera-trap nights. Among these were at least 16 adults and six cubs/juveniles from four breeding females. Detection rates of both tigers and potential prey species varied considerably between protected areas over the study period. Our findings suggest heterogeneity in tiger distribution across this relatively continuous landscape, potentially influenced by distribution of key prey species. This study indicates that the Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex is one of the few remaining breeding locations of the Indochinese tiger. Despite limitations posed by our study design, our findings have catalysed increased research and conservation interest in this globally important population at a critical time for tiger conservation in South-east Asia.

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Density trends of wild felids in northern Laos

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-021-02172-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Akchousanh Rasphone ◽

Jan F. Kamler ◽

Mathias Tobler ◽

David W. Macdonald

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Community Outreach ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Mesopredator Release ◽

Density Estimates ◽

Clouded Leopard ◽

Capture Recapture ◽

Leopard Cat ◽

Prionailurus Bengalensis

AbstractDetermining the density trends of a guild of species can help illuminate their interactions, and the impacts that humans might have on them. We estimated the density trends from 2013 to 2017 of the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis and marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata in Nam Et—Phou Louey National Park (NEPL), Laos, using camera trap data and spatial capture-recapture models. Mean (± SD) density estimates (individuals/100 km2) for all years were 1.77 ± 0.30 for clouded leopard, 1.50 ± 0.30 for leopard cat, and 3.80 ± 0.70 for marbled cat. There was a declining trend in density across the study years for all three species, with a ≥ 90% probability of decline for clouded leopard and leopard cat and an 83% probability of decline for marbled cat. There was no evidence that mesopredator release occurred as a result of tiger (Panthera tigris) and leopard (P. pardus) extirpations. We believe that snaring, the factor that led to the extirpation of tiger and leopard in NEPL, is now contributing to the decline of smaller felids, to an extent that over-rides any potential effects of mesopredator release on their densities and interactions. We recommend that the NEPL managers implement a more systematic and intensified snare removal program, in concert with extensive community outreach and engagement of local people to prevent the setting of snares. These actions might be the only hope for saving the remaining members of the felid community in NEPL.

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Medium and large sized mammals of the Boqueirão da Onça, North of Bahia State, Brazil

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia ◽

10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. e20195912 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cláudia Bueno de Campos ◽

Carolina Franco Esteves ◽

Douglas De Matos Dias ◽

Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

National Park ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Management Plan ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Wild Mammals ◽

The North ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Few Data

The mosaic of protected areas of Boqueirão da Onça (8.636 km²), created in the north of Bahia state, is located in the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, but exposed to a range of anthropic impacts that threaten its species and natural resources. Few data are available for various zoological groups in Caatinga, including mammals. In order to characterize the community of mammals of this region, considering species richness, we installed 80 camera-trap stations. With a sampling effort of 10,370 camera-days we recorded 28 species (22 wild and six domestic). Opportunistically, we recorded four mammals, resulting in a total richness of 32 species, five of which are included in the global list of endangered species, and seven in the national list. The results are significant, since the richness of wild mammals of the Boqueirão da Onça (S = 26) presented a high value when compared to other Caatinga localities. During the study we found evidence of human activities threatening the conservation of the region, such as poaching and deforestation. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the publication of the Management Plan of the recently created Boqueirão da Onça National Park, to minimize negative impacts on biodiversity and ensure the maintenance of ecological processes.

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Estimating the abundance of Nepal's largest population of tigers Panthera tigris

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605313000471 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 150-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jhamak B. Karki ◽

B. Pandav ◽

S. R. Jnawali ◽

R. Shrestha ◽

N. M. B. Pradhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Abundance Estimate ◽

Tiger Reserve ◽

The Status ◽

Chitwan National Park ◽

Tiger Population

AbstractInformation on the abundance of tigers Panthera tigris is essential for effective conservation of the species. The main aim of this study was to determine the status of tigers in Chitwan National Park, Nepal, including the Churia hills, using a camera-trap based mark–recapture abundance estimate. Camera traps (n = 310) were placed in an area of 1,261 km2 from 20 January to 22 March 2010. The study area was divided into three blocks and each block was trapped for 19–21 days, with a total effort of 3,582 man-days, 170 elephant-days and 4,793 camera-trap nights. The effectively camera-trapped area was 2,596 km2. Camera stations were located 1.5–2 km apart. Sixty-two tigers (age ⩾ 1.5 years), comprising 15 males, 41 females and six of unidentified sex, were identified from 344 photographs. The heterogeneity model Mh (jackknife) was the best fit for the capture history data. A capture probability ($\hat P$) of 0.05 was obtained, generating a population estimate ($\hat N$) of 125 ± SE 21.8 tigers. The density of tigers in the area, including Churia and Barandabhar (buffer zone forest linked with mid hill forest), was estimated to be 4.5 ± SE 0.35 tigers per 100 km2, using a Bayesian spatially explicit capture–recapture model in SPACECAP. Our study showed the use of Churia by tigers and we therefore conclude that the Chitwan tiger population serves as a source to maintain tiger occupancy of the larger landscape that comprises Chitwan National Park, Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Barandabhar buffer zone, Someswor forest in Nepal and Valmiki Tiger Reserve in India.

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Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) rediscovered in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.4714.11.12.14582-14586 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 14582-14586

Author(s):

Shailendra Kumar Yadav ◽

Babu Ram Lamichhane ◽

Naresh Subedi ◽

Ramesh Kumar Thapa ◽

Laxman Poudyal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Panthera Pardus ◽

Canis Aureus ◽

Cuon Alpinus ◽

Sympatric Carnivores ◽

Wild Dogs

An increasing intensity of camera traps recorded the presence of poorly known and globally Endangered Asiatic Wild Dogs Cuon alpinus from different locations in recent years in Nepal. After 18 years since the previous report, we recorded 29 photos and a video of Dholes in four independent detections with an effort of 4,035 trap-nights during camera trap surveys targeted at tigers in the winter of 2016/2017. Solitary dholes were camera-trapped from four locations within 27.45km2 area in Bardia National Park. The evidence of a dead Dhole probably killed in retaliation shows the threat to the species. Dholes co-exist in Bardia with sympatric carnivores like Tiger Panthera tigris, Leopard Panthera pardus, and Jackal Canis aureus.

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First record of the Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Barandabhar Corridor Forest, Chitwan, Nepal

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.3533.10.1.11243-11244 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11243

Author(s):

Saneer Lamichhane ◽

Aashish Gurung ◽

Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral ◽

Trishna Rayamajhi ◽

Pabitra Gotame ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

First Record ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Panthera Tigris ◽

Large Carnivores ◽

Scientific Communities ◽

Canis Aureus ◽

Cuon Alpinus ◽

Panthera Tigris Tigris ◽

Wild Dog

Systematic Camera trapping on the Barandabhar Corridor Forest recorded the presence of the endangered Wild Dog/Dhole in the area. A total of 1320 camera trap night efforts were conducted in the area in two blocks from 15th Dec 2015 to 20th Jan 2016. A single picture of dhole was captured and was sympatric with other large carnivores like tiger Panthera tigris tigris, leopard P. pardus, and golden jackal Canis aureus. This first record of Dhole outside the National Park opened a new gate for officials, wildlife conservationist, scientific communities, managers to think about its conservation. It also adds the proof of the healthy functionality of this corridor.

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