scholarly journals Observations on the foraging behavior of Tricoloured Munia Lonchura malacca (Linnaeus, 1766) and its interaction with pearl millet fields in Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 20201-20208
Author(s):  
M. Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Psittacula Krameri ◽  
Ploceus Philippinus ◽  
Bird Repellent

Study of foraging behaviour of Tricoloured Munia Lonchura malacca and its interaction in pearl millet crop fields was conducted in six villages of Tindivanam taluk, Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu from April to June 2020. A total of six flocks containing 1,640 birds of Tricoloured Munia were enumerated. The number of birds per flock varied from 60 to 800. They never split into small flocks and maintained the same flock size throughout the day. Tricoloured Munias used nine plant species for roosting. Twelve quadrats (0.3 ha) each of 5 m x 5 m size were laid in the pearl millet fields covering six villages. A total of 10,295 spikes were counted in these plots, and of these 3,785 spikes (36.7%) were found damaged by foraging munias. The maximum damage of 99.6% was observed in Thenputhur village. Along with Tricoloured Munia, five other granivorous birds, such as Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus, Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica, Common Babbler Turdoides caudata, Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri, and White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata were also found foraging without any inter-specific competition. Farmers adopted various traditional bird repellent techniques such as beating utensils, throwing pebbles/soil on the crop, placing scarecrows, tying multi-coloured ribbons, and hanging bottles to chase the birds away.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal and Ecological Studies of some Weeds in Sugarcane Fields of Villupuram District

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
S. Dhanam
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Sugarcane Crop

The present communication pertains to ethnobotany of major weeds of sugarcane fields in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu. Present study was conducted in ten selected sites of Villupuram district in the sugarcane crop fields. Random quadrate method was adopted for studying phytosociological attributes of weeds. A total of 80 plant species belonging to 25 families were identified, out of which 46 plant species are medicinally important to cure different diseases in human beings directly. Amaranthaceae and Euphorbiaceae was the dominant family seen during observation. Frequency, Relative frequency, Density and Relative density of the species were calculated.

Claviceps fusiformis. [Distribution map].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for C. fusiformis Loveless. Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae. Hosts: Panicum (pearl millet), Setaria and related genera. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Pakistan), Africa (Botswana, Burkina Faso, Chad, Gambia, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), North America (Mexico).

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants from Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary in Sivagangai District of Tamil Nadu, Southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
S Shanmugam ◽  
C P Muthupandi ◽  
V M Eswaran ◽  
K Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Water Bird ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
The People ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization

Most of the people depending on traditional medicine to meet their primary healthcare needs. Documenting the indigenous knowledge through ethnobotanical studies is important for the conservation of biological resources as well as their sustainable utilization. It is also necessary to collect the information about the knowledge of traditional medicines before it is permanently lost. Having all these facts in mind, the present study was carried out to document the plants used as medicine by the people inhabiting around the Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary of Sivagangai district in Tamil Nadu, India. The field survey was conducted in two villages situated near to Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary. The medicinal uses of 40 angiospermic plant species belonging to 36 genera of 24 families for various diseases and ailments were recorded by this study. The people inhabiting in the study area used 45 herbal therapies prepared from 40 plants to treat 27 different illnesses. Regarding the plant parts used, leaf was the mostly used plant part (51.16%) and extract was found as mostly followed mode (42.28%) to treat a particular disease. Attention should be made on proper exploitation and utilization of these medicinally important plant species. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Vettangudi Water Bird Sanctuary, Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu.

scholarly journals Phytochemical variation within a single plant species influences foraging behavior of deer

Oikos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Kimball ◽  
John H. Russell ◽  
Peter K. Ott
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Variation

Dispersal patterns of large-seeded plants and the foraging behaviour of a frugivorous bat

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
David Villalobos-Chaves ◽  
Felipe P. L. Melo ◽  
Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Night Feeding ◽  
Mutualistic Interactions ◽  
Neotropical Dry Forest

AbstractMutualistic interactions are biologically important, diverse and poorly understood. Comprehending these interactions and the effectiveness of the mutualistic partners has been the central focus of ecological and evolutionary studies, as this task requires disentangling the pieces of mutualism under study. Here, we tested the hypothesis that feeding activity of Artibeus phaeotis influences density, diversity and distance effects of the seed rain of large-seeded plant species in a Neotropical dry forest of Costa Rica. We predicted that bats’ activity increases density and diversity metrics on dispersing sites and that bats behave as short-distance dispersers. Our data revealed that, by dispersing hundreds of seeds within their small foraging areas and mostly close to fruiting trees, the feeding activity of A. phaeotis increases the density and richness of seeds underneath night feeding roosts. The functional role of A. phaeotis as disperser may vary among plant species, as we also detected that some seeds are more dispersed than others. Further inquiries to elucidate mutualistic interactions between frugivorous bats and large-seeded plant species should focus on understanding demographic and fitness outcomes, as strong selective pressures may be shaping morphological and behavioural traits of both plants and animals, ultimately influencing the survival of each partner.

Comparative foraging behaviour and efficiency of adult and juvenile great blue herons

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1168-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Quinney ◽  
P. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Foraging Success ◽  
Small Prey ◽  
Prey Items

Foraging behaviour and efficiency of adult and newly fledged juvenile great blue herons, Ardea herodius L., were studied at the Gaspereau River estuary. Nova Scotia, in July and August 1977 and 1978. Pace and strike rates of adults and juveniles were similar, whereas capture and probe rates differed markedly. Adults captured prey more successfully than juveniles but the ability of the latter improved with age. Foraging success of adults was greater in flocks of more than five individuals. In contrast, juvenile success does not seem related to flock size. Ninety-eight percent of the identified prey were flounder Liopsetta putnmi Gill. Handling time of small prey items was the same for adults and juveniles but juveniles took much longer to swallow medium-sized prey than adults did.

Observations on the Flight Patterns and Foraging Behavior of Tasmanian Bats

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Oneill ◽  
RJ Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Foraging Patterns ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Direct Flight

Observations were made on the flight patterns and foraging behaviour of Tasmanian bat species, by the use of light tags and the release of individuals at dusk while it was still light enough to see clearly. Four distinct foraging patterns were observed, each being characteristic of a pair of species. These pairs were: Nyctophrlusgeoffroyi and N. timoriensis (slowest flight, undulating, closest to vegetation); Eptesicus vulturnus and E. regulus (highly manoeuvrable, faster than Nyctophilus, further from vegetation); E. sagittula and Chalinolobus morio (fast, direct flight, less manoeuvrable than smaller Eptesicus and fly higher); and Pipistrellus tasmaniensis and C. gouldii (faster, most direct flight, limited manoeuvrability, prefer open areas). There is a broad agreement between the flight patterns observed and the relative shape of the wing of each species.

scholarly journals Records of the Palni Hills Rudraksha Tree Elaeocarpus blascoi (Oxalidales Elaeocarpaceae) in Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 10623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Tanya Balcar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Western Ghats

Elaeocarpus blascoi is an endemic tree species reported only from the Palni Hills in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu.  It was described from one tree in 1972, and was thought to be extinct till 1999.  We had germinated an unidentified plant species in 1990, and this was later identified in 2001 as E. blascoi upon discovery of a mature tree in Vattakanal shola.  We describe here the discovery of the mature tree and two of our plantings that have survived over the past 20 years.  Our discovery and plantings have been written about in other publications but with partial information.  In this note we list out all our experience with this species to provide clarity. 

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