cDNA Cloning and Gene Expression of Human Type Iα cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase

Hypertension ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohisa Tamura ◽  
Hiroshi Itoh ◽  
Yoshihiro Ogawa ◽  
Osamu Nakagawa ◽  
Masaki Harada ◽  
...  
1991 ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sandberg ◽  
V. Natarajan ◽  
S. Ørstavik ◽  
S. M. Lohmann ◽  
T. Jahnsen

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (5) ◽  
pp. H1660-H1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
ChungSik Choi ◽  
Hassan Sellak ◽  
Felricia M. Brown ◽  
Thomas M. Lincoln

Although the regulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) gene expression by cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) is now recognized, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. In this study, we report that PKG-I stimulates myocardin/serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene expression in vascular SMCs. The expression of PKG in PKG-deficient cells enhanced myocardin-induced SM22 promoter activity in a concentration-dependent fashion. However, neither SRF nor myocardin expression was affected. To investigate alternative mechanisms, we examined whether PKG affects the phosphorylation of E26-like protein-1 (Elk-1), a SRF/myocardin transcription antagonist. The activation of PKG caused an increase in a higher molecular mass form of phospho-Elk-1 that was determined to be small ubiquitin-related modifier (sumo)ylated Elk-1. PKG increased Elk-1 sumoylation twofold compared with the PKG-deficient cells, and Elk-1 sumoylation was reduced using dominant-negative sumo-conjugating enzyme, DN-Ubc9, confirming PKG-dependent sumoylation of phospho-Elk-1 in vascular SMCs. In addition, PKG stimulated Elk-1 sumoylation in COS-7 cells overexpressing Elk-1, sumo-1, and PKG-I. The increased expression of PKG in vascular SMCs inhibited Elk-1 binding to SMC-specific promoters, SM22 and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, as measured by EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and PKG suppressed the Elk-1 inhibition of SM22 reporter gene expression. Taken together, these data suggest that PKG-I decreases Elk-1 activity by sumo modification of Elk-1, thereby increasing myocardin-SRF activity on SMC-specific gene expression.


1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (9) ◽  
pp. 4597-4600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanima Gudi ◽  
Ivana Huvar ◽  
Matthias Meinecke ◽  
Suzanne M. Lohmann ◽  
Gerry R. Boss ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P79
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Raphaela Schwappacher ◽  
Shunhui Zhuang ◽  
Renate B Pilz

1998 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliwia Witczak ◽  
Sigurd Ørstavik ◽  
Vasanti Natarajan ◽  
Eirik Frengen ◽  
Tore Jahnsen ◽  
...  

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