scholarly journals Role of TPBG (Trophoblast Glycoprotein) Antigen in Human Pericyte Migratory and Angiogenic Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L. Spencer ◽  
Eva Jover ◽  
William Cathery ◽  
Elisa Avolio ◽  
Iker Rodriguez-Arabaolaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen

scholarly journals Role of CA 19-9 in complex ovarian tumors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya S. Thomas ◽  
Ajit Sebastian ◽  
Vinotha Thomas ◽  
Anitha Thomas ◽  
Rachel Chandy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen ◽  
Mucinous Tumours

Background: Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a tumor-associated mucin glycoprotein antigen that may be elevated in healthy individuals as well as in patients with benign and malignant tumors. It is useful in the management of pancreatic and other gastrointestinal tumors. CA 19-9 is also elevated in benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Aim: To study the pattern of serum CA19-9 in complex ovarian tumors. Methods: The study design was descriptive, based on data collected from medical records. Patients with a complex ovarian mass, who were investigated with CA 19-9 and had undergone surgery, wereincluded in the study. The study duration was 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015. A total of 273 patients (119 - benign and 154 malignant) with complex ovarian mass and elevated CA 19-9 underwent surgery during the study period. Results: CA 19-9 was elevated in 55 patients (20%). Of these, 23 patients had benign tumors while 32 had malignant tumors.Among patients with benign tumors, 21 had dermoid, 23 had mucinous tumors and 75 had other types of tumors. CA 19-9 was elevated in 10 (47.6%) of the dermoids, 7 (30.4%) of the mucinous tumors and 6 (8%) of the other benign tumors. Among patients with malignant tumors, 138 were epithelial and 16 were non epithelial tumors. Of the epithelial tumors, 31 were mucinous and 107 were non mucinous types. Overall, 29 (21%) had elevated CA 19-9. Of the epithelial tumors, 22.6% of the mucinous type and 20.6% of the non mucinous type had elevated CA 19-9. Among the non-epithelial tumors, 3 (18.8%) had elevated CA19-9. Conclusion: CA 19-9 is elevated in several conditions but most likely to be raised in dermoid cysts and mucinous tumours. CA19-9 levels need to be interpreted along with clinical and radiological findings.

scholarly journals Opposing Roles of Leptin and Ghrelin in the Equine Corpus Luteum Regulation: AnIn VitroStudy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Galvão ◽  
Angela Tramontano ◽  
Maria Rosa Rebordão ◽  
Ana Amaral ◽  
Pedro Pinto Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

Metabolic hormones have been associated with reproductive function modulation. Thus, the aim of this study was: (i) to characterize the immunolocalization, mRNA and protein levels of leptin (LEP), Ghrelin (GHR) and respective receptors LEPR and Ghr-R1A, throughout luteal phase; and (ii) to evaluate the role of LEP and GHR on progesterone (P4), prostaglandin (PG) E2and PGF2α, nitric oxide (nitrite), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF); macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) secretion, and on angiogenic activity (BAEC proliferation), in equine corpus luteum (CL) from early and mid-luteal stages. LEPR expression was decreased in late CL, while GHR/Ghr-R1A system was increased in the same stage. Regarding secretory activity, GHR decreased P4in early CL, but increased PGF2α, nitrite and TNF in mid CL. Conversely, LEP increased P4, PGE2, angiogenic activity, MIF, TNF and nitrite during early CL, in a dose-dependent manner. Thein vitroeffect of LEP on secretory activity was reverted by GHR, when both factors acted together. The present results evidence the presence of LEP and GHR systems in the equine CL. Moreover, we suggest that LEP and GHR play opposing roles in equine CL regulation, with LEP supporting luteal establishment and GHR promoting luteal regression. Finally, a dose-dependent luteotrophic effect of LEP was demonstrated.

Indispensable role of the transcription factor PEBP2/CBF in angiogenic activity of a murine endothelial cell MSS31

Oncogene ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunari Namba ◽  
Mayumi Abe ◽  
Sachiko Saito ◽  
Masanobu Satake ◽  
Takashi Ohmoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Angiogenic Activity

Angiogenic Activity of Swine Granulosa Cells: Effects of Hypoxia and the Role of VEGF

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (S2) ◽  
pp. 157-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bianco ◽  
G. Basini ◽  
S. Santini ◽  
F. Grasselli
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Angiogenic Activity

scholarly journals Role of erythropoietin in the angiogenic activity of bone marrow endothelial cells of MGUS and multiple myeloma patients

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 14510-14521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia Lamanuzzi ◽  
Ilaria Saltarella ◽  
Arianna Ferrucci ◽  
Roberto Ria ◽  
Simona Ruggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Angiogenic Activity

Differential expression of murine macrophage surface glycoprotein antigens in intracellular membranes

1987 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
M.J. Smith ◽  
G.L. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
Intracellular Pool ◽  
Intracellular Membranes ◽  
Immunofluorescence Studies ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen ◽  
Tumour Cell Lines ◽  
Punctate Pattern

A monoclonal antibody recognizing a novel murine macrophage glycoprotein antigen (MAG) was prepared by the hybridoma technique. Using live and permeabilized macrophages to estimate surface and total MAG, respectively, it was found that at least 50% of the total antigen was intracellular. In contrast, another macrophage surface glycoprotein antigen, Mac-1, was undetectable in the intracellular pool. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed the existence of a substantial intracellular pool of MAG antigen. Similar results were obtained with a panel of cultured tumour cell lines. In one such cell line, it was shown that surface MAG existed in a distinct punctate pattern indicative of microdomains, whereas surface Mac-1 antigen gave a uniform distribution. The possible role of the surface microdomains in the differential expression of the two surface glycoproteins in intracellular membranes is discussed.

Redefined role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of dural arteriovenous malformations

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Lawton ◽  
Ronald Jacobowitz ◽  
Robert F. Spetzler
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Dural Avm

✓ To investigate the role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of dural arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), 40 rats underwent common carotid artery—external jugular vein (CCA-EJV) anastomosis, bipolar coagulation of the vein draining the transverse sinus, and sagittal sinus thrombosis to induce venous hypertension. Fifteen rats underwent a similar surgical procedure, but venous hypertension was not induced. The 55 rats were divided into seven groups. Four groups, each containing 10 rats, underwent induced venous hypertension. The other three groups, each containing five rats, did not undergo induced venous hypertension. After 1, 2, or 3 weeks, dura mater was obtained from one group of hypertensive rats and from one group of nonhypertensive rats and was assayed for angiogenic activity (rabbit cornea bioassay). The remaining group of 10 hypertensive rats was not assayed to determine if sampling affected dural AVM formation. Unlike rats without CCA-EJV anastomosis, rats with CCA-EJV anastomosis had significantly increased postoperative sagittal sinus pressures (p < 0.0001). Mean angiogenesis indices were significantly greater in rats with venous hypertension than in rats without venous hypertension (p = 0.004). Dural AVMs formed in 42% of the 55 rats and facial AVMs formed in 51%. Angiogenic activity correlated positively with venous hypertension (ρ = 0.74). Development of dural AVMs correlated positively with both venous hypertension (p = 0.0009) and angiogenic activity (p = 0.04). These data indicate that venous hypertension may induce angiogenic activity either directly or indirectly by decreasing cerebral perfusion and increasing ischemia, and that dural AVM formation may be the result of aberrant angiogenesis.

35 ROLE OF CXCL4 CHEMOKINE IN ANGIOGENIC ACTIVITY OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC)

Lung Cancer ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. S15
Author(s):  
A. Spaks ◽  
D. Isajeva ◽  
I. Spaka ◽  
A. Pirtnieks ◽  
I. Jaunalksne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Angiogenic Activity

scholarly journals VEGF-Induced Endothelial Podosomes via ROCK2-Dependent Thrombomodulin Expression Initiate Sprouting Angiogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hsiang Kuo ◽  
Yi-Hsun Huang ◽  
Po-Ku Chen ◽  
Gang-Hui Lee ◽  
Ming-Jer Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Sprouting Angiogenesis ◽  
Membrane Microdomain

Objective: VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) plays a critical role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Endothelial 3D podosomes (3DPs) are a type of F-actin-rich membrane microdomain, predominantly found in endothelial tip cells controlled by VEGF signaling during sprouting angiogenesis, such as occurs in retinal vasculature development. The molecular mechanisms governing 3DP formation have not been completely elucidated. Approach and Results: By using in vitro cell models and in vivo mouse models, we study the role of TM (thrombomodulin) in VEGF-induced endothelial 3DPs. Here, we report that VEGF can induce the expression of TM via ROCK2 (Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 2). Furthermore, ROCK2 can catalyze the phosphorylated activation of ezrin to promote the association of the cytoplasmic domain of TM with F-actin in 3DPs and thereby promote the formation of 3DPs. We used endothelial cells transfected with different TM mutants as models to verify the role of TM domains in 3DPs and angiogenic activity. TM expression in endothelial cells augments angiogenic activity, a response that is dependent on the interaction of the cytoplasmic tail of TM with ezrin, and the integrity of the lectin-like domain of TM. Thus, as compared with wild-type counterparts, mice lacking the lectin-like domain of TM exhibit reduced neovascularization of granulation tissues during cutaneous wound healing and less retinal neovascularization in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. Conclusions: VEGF-ROCK2-ezrin-TM-F-actin axis promotes the formation of the lipid raft membrane-associated complex configuration, 3DP, which plays a critical role in mediating tube formation and cell migration of endothelial cells in sprouting angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Chemical Inhibitors of Dynamin Exert Differential Effects in VEGF Signaling

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Dimitris Basagiannis ◽  
Sofia Zografou ◽  
Evangeli Goula ◽  
Despoina Gkeka ◽  
Evangelos Kolettas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Vegf Signaling ◽  
Chemical Inhibitors ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Target Effects

VEGFR2 is the main receptor and mediator of the vasculogenic and angiogenic activity of VEGF. Activated VEGFR2 internalizes through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. As dynamin is a key regulator of the clathrin pathway, chemical inhibitors of dynamin are commonly used to assess the role of the clathrin route in receptor signaling. However, drugs may also exert off-target effects. Here, we compare the effects of three dynamin inhibitors, dynasore, dyngo 4a and dynole, on VEGFR2 internalization and signaling. Although these drugs consistently inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis of both transferrin (a typical cargo of this route) and VEGFR2, surprisingly, they exert contradictory effects in receptor signaling. Thus, while dynasore has no effect on phosphorylation of VEGFR2, the other two drugs are strong inhibitors. Furthermore, although dyngo does not interfere with phosphorylation of Akt, dynasore and dynole have a strong inhibitory effect. These inconsistent effects suggest that the above dynamin blockers, besides inhibiting dynamin-dependent endocytosis of VEGFR2, exert additional inhibitory effects on signaling that are independent of endocytosis; i.e., they are due to off-target effects. Using a recently developed protocol, we comparatively validate the specificity of two endocytic inhibitors, dynasore and EIPA. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing whether the effect of an endocytic drug on signaling is specifically due to its interference with endocytosis or due to off-targets.

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