Abstract 15959: N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in RBC Membranes and Estimated Desaturase Activities and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
M V Moorthy ◽  
J M Gaziano ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Analysis

Introduction: Fatty acids in cell membranes modify the propensity for ventricular arrhythmias. In experimental studies, linoleic acid (LA;18:2n-6) has anti-arrhythmic effects, but its association with sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk has been inconsistent. Further, little is known about circulating levels of other n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) and SCD risk. Methods: In a case-control analysis nested within 6 prospective cohort studies, we measured RBC levels of LA, γ-linolenic acid (GLA;18:3n-6), dihomo- γ-linoleic acid (DGLA;20:3n-6) and arachiodonic acid (AA; 20:4n-6) in 442 cases of SCD and 852 controls matched on age, sex, race, antecedent CVD, smoking status and fasting status using risk-set sampling. We estimated the activity of 2 key enzymes in n-6 PUFA metabolism, Δ-6desaurase (D6D), which converts LA to GLA, and Δ-5desaturase (D5D), which converts DGLA to AA, using their product to precursor ratios. The multivariable relative risks (RR) were estimated by conditional logistic regression adjusted for other CVD risk factors and n-3 PUFAs in each cohort separately and then combined with random effects meta-analyses. Results: DGLA was positivity linearly associated with risk of SCD while higher levels of AA were associated with lower risk of SCD. Additionally, higher D5D activity (DGLA/AA), representing greater metabolism of DGLA to AA, was inversely associated with risk (Table). Although LA demonstrated a U-shaped relation, with a nadir in SCD risk in quintile 3, the quadratic relation was not significant (p, quadratic trend = 0.95). Neither GLA nor D6D activity (GLA/LA) were associated with risk of SCD (Table). Conclusions: Higher RBC DGLA and lower RBC AA were associated with greater risk of SCD and greater estimated activity of the D5D was associated with lower risk. These n-6 PUFAs are not determined by n-6 PUFA intake and thus research on the regulation of DGLA and AA in cell membranes is warranted and may identify novel targets for SCD prevention.

scholarly journals Prevention of sudden cardiac death by n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Leaf ◽  
Yong-Fu Xiao ◽  
Jing X Kang ◽  
George E Billman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death

scholarly journals Effects of Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Heart Rate Variability and Heart Rate in Patients on Chronic Dialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Rantanen ◽  
Sam Riahi ◽  
Martin Johansen ◽  
Erik Schmidt ◽  
Jeppe Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
The Mean

Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may improve autonomic dysfunction, as indicated by an increase in heart rate variability (HRV) and reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of marine n-3 PUFA on 24-h HRV in patients on chronic dialysis, who have a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Between June 2014 and March 2016, 112 patients on chronic dialysis from Denmark were allocated to a daily supplement of 2 g marine n-3 PUFA or control for three months in a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. A 48-h Holter monitoring was performed and mean 24-h HRV indices for the two days were available in 85 patients. The mean age was 62.3 years (SD: 14.3) and median dialysis vintage was 1.7 years (IQR: 0.5, 6.4). Within-group and between-group changes in outcome were evaluated by a paired and two sample t-test, respectively. Marine n-3 PUFA did not change the primary endpoint SDNN (SD of all RR-intervals) reflecting overall HRV, but other HRV indices increased and the mean RR-interval increased significantly, corresponding to a decrease in heart rate by 2.5 beats per minute (p = 0.04). In conclusion, marine n-3 PUFA did not change SDNN, but the mean heart rate was significantly reduced and changes in other HRV-indices were also observed, indicating an increase in vagal modulation that might be protective against malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death by Dietary Pure ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Dogs

Circulation ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 99 (18) ◽  
pp. 2452-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Billman ◽  
Jing X. Kang ◽  
Alexander Leaf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death

scholarly journals Causal effects of serum levels of n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on coronary artery disease: Mendelian randomization study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehoon Park ◽  
Soojin Lee ◽  
Yaerim Kim ◽  
Yeonhee Lee ◽  
Min Woo Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Weighted Median ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractBackgroundAdditional studies on the causal effects of 3-n and 6-n polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) are warranted.MethodsThis Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilized a genetic instrument developed from previous genome-wide association studies for various serum 3-n and 6-n PUFA levels. First, we calculated the allele scores for genetic predisposition of PUFAs in individuals of European ancestry in the UK Biobank data (N=337,129). The allele score-based MR was obtained by regressing the allele scores to CAD risks. Second, summary-level MR was performed with the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D data for CAD (N=184,305). The inverse variance-weighted or Wald ratio method was the main analysis for the summary-level MR, and when multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms were utilized (e.g., linoleic acid), MR-Egger and weighted median methods were implemented as sensitivity analyses.ResultsHigher genetically predicted eicosapentaenoic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of CAD both in the allele-score-based and summary-level MR analyses. Higher allele scores for linoleic acid level were significantly associated with lower CAD risks, and in the summary-level MR, the causal estimates by the MR-Egger and weighted median methods also indicated that higher linoleic acid levels cause a lower risk of CAD. Arachidonic acid was the 6-n PUFA that showed significant causal estimates for a higher risk of CAD. Higher docosapentaenoic acid and adrenic acid levels showed inconsistent findings in the MR analysis results.ConclusionsThis study supports the causal effects of certain 3-n and 6-n PUFA types on the risk of CAD.

Abstract 15888: N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Erythrocyte Membranes and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Primary and Secondary Prevention

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
Martin J Vandenburgh ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
JoAnn E Manson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

Introduction: Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have anti-arrhythmic effects in experimental studies and blood levels of EPA + DHA, an objective marker of intake, have been associated with lower risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in healthy populations. However, data from observational studies and clinical trials of n-3 PUFAs in secondary prevention have been mixed. Methods: We conducted a nested, case-control study among individuals from 6 prospective cohort studies. RBC levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and DHA were measured in 442 cases of SCD and 852 controls matched on age, sex, race, smoking status, fasting status and prevalent and incident CVD using risk-set sampling. The Omega-3 Index was estimated as EPA + DHA. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) separately in each cohort. The RRs were combined using random effect meta-analyses and stratified by presence of absence of known CVD prior to SCD. Results: In this population, the mean age was 64 years, 51% were women and 41% had prior CVD. Higher EPA and DHA levels, as summarized by the Omega-3 Index, were associated with lower risk of SCD in the entire population (Table). Compared to the lowest quintile, the RR in the highest quintile of the Omega-3 Index was 0.40 (95%CI, 0.21-0.77; P, trend= 0.04). When stratified by history of prior CVD, this association was restricted to individuals without prior CVD (Table, P, trend = 0.03). Neither DPA nor ALA was associated with risk of SCD in those with or without CVD. Conclusions: In this prospective nested, case-control study, the inverse association between long-chain n-3 PUFAs and SCD was limited to individuals without prior CVD. These data suggest that the utility of n-3 PUFAs as markers of SCD and/or as preventative dietary supplements may be greater in a primary prevention population.

Do omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce risk of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias? A meta-analysis of randomized trials

Heart & Lung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Khoueiry ◽  
Nidal Abi Rafeh ◽  
Erinmarie Sullivan ◽  
Faisal Saiful ◽  
Zehra Jaffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Reduce Risk

scholarly journals Serum Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Mercury, and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Men: A Prospective Population-Based Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e41046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki K. Virtanen ◽  
Jari A. Laukkanen ◽  
Jaakko Mursu ◽  
Sari Voutilainen ◽  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Opposing roles of omega‐3 and trans polyunsaturated fatty acids in sudden cardiac death and vascular remodeling

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafat Ali Siddiqui ◽  
Nargiz Ruzmetov ◽  
Kevin Harvey ◽  
Caryl Antalis ◽  
Steven Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Causal Effects of Serum Levels of n-3 or n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Coronary Artery Disease: Mendelian Randomization Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Sehoon Park ◽  
Soojin Lee ◽  
Yaerim Kim ◽  
Yeonhee Lee ◽  
Min Woo Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Artery Disease

We aimed to investigate the causal effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This MR study utilized a genetic instrument developed from previous genome-wide association studies for various serum n-3 and n-6 PUFA levels. First, we calculated the allele scores for genetic predisposition of PUFAs in individuals of European ancestry in the UK Biobank data (N = 337,129). The allele score-based MR was obtained by regressing the allele scores to CAD risks. Second, summary-level MR was performed with the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D data for CAD (N = 184,305). Higher genetically predicted eicosapentaenoic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of CAD both in the allele-score-based and summary-level MR analyses. Higher allele scores for linoleic acid level were significantly associated with lower CAD risks, and in the summary-level MR, the causal estimates by the pleiotropy-robust MR methods also indicated that higher linoleic acid levels cause a lower risk of CAD. Arachidonic acid showed significant causal estimates for a higher risk of CAD. This study supports the causal effects of certain n-3 and n-6 PUFA types on the risk of CAD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document