scholarly journals The 2020 “WHO Technical Specifications for Automated Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measuring Devices With Cuff”

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 806-812
Author(s):  
Oommen John ◽  
Norm R.C. Campbell ◽  
Tammy M. Brady ◽  
Margret Farrell ◽  
Cherian Varghese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Health Organization

High systolic blood pressure (BP) is the single leading modifiable risk factor for death worldwide. Accurate BP measurement is the cornerstone for screening, diagnosis, and management of hypertension. Inaccurate BP measurement is a leading patient safety challenge. A recent World Health Organization report has outlined the technical specifications for automated noninvasive clinical BP measurement with cuff. The report is applicable to ambulatory, home, and office devices used for clinical purposes. The report recommends that for routine clinical purposes, (1) automated devices be used, (2) an upper arm cuff be used, and (3) that only automated devices that have passed accepted international accuracy standards (eg, the International Organization for Standardization 81060-2; 2018 protocol) be used. Accurate measurement also depends on standardized patient preparation and measurement technique and a quiet, comfortable setting. The World Health Organization report provides steps for governments, manufacturers, health care providers, and their organizations that need to be taken to implement the report recommendations and to ensure accurate BP measurement for clinical purposes. Although, health and scientific organizations have had similar recommendations for many years, the World Health Organization as the leading governmental health organization globally provides a potentially synergistic nongovernment government opportunity to enhance the accuracy of clinical BP assessment.

scholarly journals Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekdes Akalewold ◽  
Getachew W. Yohannes ◽  
Ziyad Ahmed Abdo ◽  
Yonas Hailu ◽  
Aynye Negesse
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization estimated that approximately 48 million couples and 186 million people are infertile worldwide. Although the problem of infertility is increasing worldwide, as well as in Ethiopia, there are limited studies done. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of infertility and the major risk factors in three governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. The participants were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at a P < 0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio calculated at 95% CI. Result The overall prevalence of infertility was 27.6% (95%CI = 23.2, 32.0). Of these, 14.4% had primary infertility, and 13.2% had secondary infertility. Those whose duration of marriage was less than 60 months [AOR = 3.85; 95%CI 1.39, 10.64], had a history of fallopian tube obstructions [AOR = 8.27; 95%CI 2.36, 28.91], had irregular frequency of coitus [AOR = 37.4; 95%CI 11.29, 124.114], had more than one sex partner [AOR = 3.51; 95%CI 1.64, 7.54], had an abortion greater than 3 times [AOR = 6.89; 95%CI 1.28, 37.09], and had partners who currently consumed alcohol [AOR = 1.31; 95%CI 1.11, 1.86] were more likely to be infertile than their counterparts. Conclusion According to the results of this study, the prevalence of infertility was high compared to the global estimate of the World Health Organization. The government, health care providers, and researchers should emphasize developing appropriate strategies, research, education, and awareness creation of infertility and its potential causes.

Sodium and potassium intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular prevention

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2431-2444
Author(s):  
Francesco P. Cappuccio
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Salt consumption is now much greater than needed for survival. High salt intake increases blood pressure in both animals and humans. Conversely, a reduction in salt intake causes a dose-dependent reduction in blood pressure in men and women of all ages and ethnic groups, and in patients already on medication. The risk of strokes and heart attacks rises with increasing blood pressure, but can be decreased by antihypertensive drugs. However, most cardiovascular disease events occur in individuals with ‘normal’ blood pressure levels. Non-pharmacological prevention is therefore the only option to reduce such events. Reduction in population salt intake reduces the number of vascular events. It is one of the most important public health measures to reduce the global cardiovascular burden. Salt reduction policies are powerful, rapid, equitable, and cost saving. The World Health Organization recommends reducing salt consumption below 5 g per day aiming at a global 30% reduction by 2025. A high potassium intake lowers blood pressure in people with and without hypertension. Its beneficial effects extend beyond blood pressure, and may include a reduction in the risk of stroke (independent of blood pressure changes). Potassium intake in the Western world is relatively low, and a lower potassium intake is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, especially stroke. A moderate increase in potassium intake, either as supplement or with diet, reduces blood pressure, and the World Health Organization has issued global recommendations for a target dietary potassium intake of at least 90 mmol/day (≥3510 mg/day) for adults.

scholarly journals Care in a birth center according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Maria Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Tais Couto Rego da Paixao ◽  
Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos de Oliveira ◽  
Jaqueline Sousa Leite ◽  
Maria Luiza Gonzalez Riesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Birth Center ◽  
The World ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Swiss Ball

Birth centers are maternal care models that use appropriate technology when providing care to birthing women. This descriptive study aimed to characterize intrapartum care in a freestanding birth center, in light of the practices recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), with 1,079 assisted births from 2006 to 2009 in the Sapopemba Birth Center, São Paulo, Brazil. Results included the use of intermittent auscultation (mean=7 controls); maternal positions during delivery: semi-sitting (82.3%), side-lying (16.0%), other positions (1.7%), oral intake (95.6%); companionship (93.3%); exposure to up to three vaginal examinations (85.4%), shower bathing (84.0%), walking (68.0%), massage (60.1%), exercising with a Swiss ball (51.7%); amniotomy (53.4%), oxytocin use during the first (31.0%) and second stages of labor (25.8%), bath immersion (29.3%) and episiotomy (14.1%). In this birth center, care providers used practices recommended by the WHO, although some practices might have been applied less frequently.

scholarly journals Competency Corner, Part One: Optometrists – What do we do?

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Winslade ◽  
N Winslade ◽  
R Chou ◽  
S Burbine ◽  
B Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Knowledge Reasoning ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
The World ◽  
Implementation Communication ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Vision Care

In 2001 the Canadian Examiners of Optometry mandated the Competence Committee to describe the competencies required of Canadian Optometrists to provide safe and effective optometric care. The goal of this work was to provide a framework for revision of the Canadian Standard Assessment in Optometry so that questions on this exam could be directly linked to the practise-requirements of Canadian Optometrists. Work from the World Health Organization (WHO) provided an excellent foundation for the Competence Committee’s deliberations, emphasizing that Optometrists have professional responsibilities beyond providing eye and vision care. The Competence Committee followed WHO’s framework and identified four critical roles of Optometrists. These roles relate to: i. providing eye and vision care; ii. collaborating with and referring to other health care providers; iii. managing their practice, and; iv. educating within their profession. A second set of general attributes was also identified. These general attributes are needed to successfully perform the majority of the professional competencies. The Competence Committee identified five underlying general attributes: knowledge, reasoning and skills; planning and implementation; communication; values and ethics; and, selfdirected learning. The next article in this four part series provides the detailed descriptions of these professional competencies and underlying general attributes required of Canadian Optometrists.

scholarly journals Blood pressure in relation to the World Health Organization AIDS clinical staging among adults living in rural Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Kamiński ◽  
Piotr Prymas ◽  
Anna Konobrodzka ◽  
Piotr Filberek ◽  
Greta Sibrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
The World ◽  
Rural Kenya ◽  
Health Organization
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