Abstract 288: Mice With Disruptive Egfr Signaling In The Aortic Valves Develop Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis
Calcific aortic valve stenosis is a major health problem. Despite its clinical importance, the pathogenesis of this condition remains illusive. Aortic valves are made of endothelial cells and interstitial cells, both are derived from the endocardial cells of the heart during development. We have developed a new mouse model, Nfatc1-Cre, to specifically study the biology of the valve cells during valve development. In this study, we deleted epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) in the aortic valves using the Nfatc1-Cre and showed by histological and biochemical analyses that this deletion caused a spectrum of pathological characteristics of human calcific aortic valve stenosis. They include increased proliferation and dedifferentiation of the valve interstitial cells, abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix, bone-like formation and calcification. The null mice eventually developed the left ventricular dysfunction, presumably secondary to the stenotic aortic valves. We also revealed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR the changes in gene expression involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or osteogenic activities. Altogether, these results demonstrate that Egfr signaling in the valve endothelial and interstitial cells regulates the homeostasis of the aortic valves and suggest that patients with mutations or medications affecting the Egfr signaling may be at the risk to develop calcific aortic valve stenosis. Our study also provides the proof-of-principle data showing that the Nfatc1-Cre is a useful genetic tool to elucidate the valve-specific gene function involved in the valve homeostasis and disease.