Stereoscopic Visualization in Endoscopic Surgery: Problems, Benefits, and Potentials

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cletus von Pichler ◽  
Klaus Radermacher ◽  
Wieland Boeckmann ◽  
Günter Rau ◽  
Gerhard Jakse
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Endoscopic Surgery ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
3D Video ◽  
Video Endoscopy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Video Systems ◽  
Visualization Systems ◽  
Stereoscopic Visualization

In recent years the application of 3D video endoscopic systems in clinical routine, especially in the field of endoscopic surgery, has increased steadily. The number of 3D video endoscopic systems used in the operating theatre today is obviously lower than the number of established traditional 2D video endoscopic systems. The hesitant application of the new technology can be mainly explained by the lack of evaluation of its influence on the surgical procedure and on patient benefit as well as by the need for specific economic analysis. The starting point for our investigations was to analyze the influence of 3D video endoscopy on endoscopically guided manipulations in general. In order to achieve quantitative statements we performed laboratory experiments using human factors analyzing methods. In the next step we performed clinical field studies of the application of 3D video endoscopic systems for a side-by-side comparison of 2D and 3D systems. These studies showed that the use of 3D video endoscopy has an improving influence on endoscopically guided surgical manipulations as well as on the intraoperative procedures. We also found that spatial visual perception of stereoscopic images of 3D video systems may cause problems for some users. For the validation of stereoscopic visualization systems we additionally studied the influence of isolated technical, optical, and physiological parameters on visual perception as well as on transposition into visually guided manipulations. Detailed results of these investigations concerning the influence of 3D video endoscopy on binocular perception are presented.

Application of remote sensing methods for assessment of anthropogenic transformation of rangelands

2000 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
E. I. Rachkovskaya ◽  
S. S. Temirbekov ◽  
R. E. Sadvokasov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Initial Processing ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

Capabilities of the remote sensing methods for making maps of actual and potential vegetation, and assessment of the extent of anthropogenic transformation of rangelands are presented in the paper. Study area is a large intermountain depression, which is under intensive agricultural use. Color photographs have been made by Aircraft camera Wild Heerburg RC-30 and multispectral scanner Daedalus (AMS) digital aerial data (6 bands, 3.5m resolution) have been used for analysis of distribution and assessment of the state of vegetation. Digital data were processed using specialized program ENVI 3.0. Main stages of the development of cartographic models have been described: initial processing of the aerial images and their visualization, preliminary pre-field interpretation (classification) of the images on the basis of unsupervised automated classification, field studies (geobotanical records and GPS measurements at the sites chosen at previous stage). Post-field stage had the following sub-stages: final geometric correction of the digital images, elaboration of the classification system for the main mapping subdivisions, final supervised automated classification on the basis of expert assessment. By systematizing clusters of the obtained classified image the cartographic models of the study area have been made. Application of the new technology of remote sensing allowed making qualitative and quantitative assessment of modern state of rangelands.

Drawing to Tell Versus Drawing to Intrigue?

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Renner
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Blackwater Fever ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
The University ◽  
Intention To Continue

The article “Drawing It Out” by Haidy Geismar (2014) in Visual Anthropology Review (Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 97–113) focused on the use of images in early anthropology. The drawings by Arthur Bernard Deacon (1903–1927), which he made during his field studies in Vanuatu, New Hebrides from 1926 until his sudden death caused by blackwater fever in 1927, are the starting point of Geismar’s inquiry. The author discusses Deacon’s drawings and infers the potential of drawing as a methodology for anthropology. Deacon was a young PhD candidate who was sent to Vanuatu from the University of Cambridge. It was his intention to continue the studies of the indigenous culture of the New Hebrides at the time, which had been started by the Department of Anthropology at the University of Cambridge. In contrast to his expectations, Deacon found a culture in the process of decay. The subject of his study, the indigenous culture, had been threatened by diseases and cultural influences that settlers, missionaries, and traders imported with them since they landed in the middle of the nineteenth century. Deacon described the impossibility of protecting the indigenous culture and critically reflected on his role as an anthropologist (Geismar 2014, p. 102).

Diversity and distribution of Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4358 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRIDIANA LIZARDO ◽  
FEDERICO ESCOBAR ◽  
OCTAVIO ROJAS-SOTO
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Biological Databases ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sierra Madre

In this study, we systematized available distribution data, obtained from biological databases and relevant literature, for Mexican species belonging to the tribe Phanaeini. The main objectives were to provide an overall description of the distribution records in biological collections, to detect potential sampling biases, to describe the seasonality of collections and to obtain species distribution models using the Desktop GARP algorithm. A total of 5,562 records, corresponding to 32 species in Mexico, were compiled, including the recently described Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017. This compilation includes 784 unique collection records at 325 localities. These records were mainly distributed along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, the Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre Occidental mountain ranges and throughout the states of Chiapas and Veracruz. The Mexican High Plateau, the state of Tlaxcala and the Yucatan Peninsula are lacking in records. Distribution maps were created for species of three genera (Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819, Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924, and Sulcophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924) and for 29 species present in Mexico. These species distributions are largely delimited by geomorphological features and vegetation types and coincide with expert descriptions of this tribe; some species show expanded distribution ranges. These maps provide a starting point for further analyses, the planning of future field studies, and the verification of possible new species in the Mexican territory. 

scholarly journals Applied Art: Innovative Thinking From a Material Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Hoel Fjærli ◽  
Ida Haugland
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Applied Art ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Society ◽  
On The Road

The modern world is continuously engaged in a racing processes aimed towards building a favourable future society. In this development, the apparent tools seem to be related to theoretical thought, new technology, avant-garde approaches and innovation. The bodily focus and the societal micro level processes are often left behind in this race. Though, in our aspiration towards urban development and the future society, we should not forget that the bodily functions and the possibilities that these give, represent one of the most fundamental and basic tools we have. This article would like to form an argument carrying out the seeming advantage of bringing in not just technological and theoretic avant-garde to the term of innovation and development, but to invite the whole body into the forming of the future, thereby seeing the term innovation from a material perspective. As the art field today is more often approaching subject matters that are primarily societal, we would like to introduce the potential of a mutual approach from the other end, seeing the art field as a central part in the creation of engagement and progress that can instigate another form of efficiency and present an expanded understanding of what innovative activity can be, and how it can be perceived and comprehended. We would like to debate an art form that takes the bodily, active and relational focus and its social context as a base and starting point on the road towards societal consciousness and potential development. Looking at the example of the art project «The Collectivity Project», this article takes it’s starting point in the following question; How can applied art projects in connection to social contexts, like The Collectivity Project, show the art field and the bodily sensuousness as a tool in the forming of values pointing towards an alternative way of thinking societal consciousness and development?

Application of the Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR) Platform for Detection and Quantification of Vertebrate Host DNA in Engorged Mosquitoes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1153
Author(s):  
L M Rice ◽  
L L Robb ◽  
D A Hartman ◽  
J R Anderson ◽  
R C Kading
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract Hematophagous arthropod bloodmeal identification has remained a challenge in the field of vector biology, but these studies are important to understand blood feeding patterns of arthropods, spatial, and temporal patterns in arbovirus transmission cycles, and risk of human and veterinary disease. We investigated the use of an existing vertebrate primer set for use on the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) platform, to explore the use of this technology in the identification and quantification of vertebrate DNA in mosquito blood meals. Host DNA was detectable 48-h post-engorgement in some mosquitoes by ddPCR, compared with 24-h post-engorgement using traditional PCR. The capability of ddPCR for absolute quantification of template DNA offers unique potential applications of this new technology to field studies on the ecology of vector-borne diseases, but currently with limited scope.

scholarly journals Blockchain in FinTech: A Mapping Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Fernandez-Vazquez ◽  
Rafael Rosillo ◽  
David De La Fuente ◽  
Paolo Priore
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Scientific Database ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Deep Focus

Blockchain is currently one of the most important topics in both the academia and industry world, mainly due to the possible effects that the continuing application of this new technology could have. The adoption of this technology by FinTech companies constitutes the next step towards the expansion of blockchain and its sustainability. The paper conducts a mapping study on the research topics, limitations, gaps and future trends of blockchain in FinTech companies. A total of 49 papers from a scientific database (Web of Science Core Collection) have been analyzed. The results show a deep focus in challenges such as security, scalability, legal and regulatory, privacy or latency, with proposed solutions still to be far from being effective. A vast majority of the research is focused into finance and banking sector, obviating other industries that could play a crucial role in the further expansion of blockchain. This study can contribute to researchers as a starting point for their investigation, as well as a source for recommendations on future investigation directions regarding blockchain in the FinTech sector.

Cognition et communication: Un paradigme de recherche et d’application

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 656-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Nosulenko ◽  
Elena Samoylenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Quality Approach ◽  
Russian Research

The paradigm ‘Cognition and Communication’ has served as a methodological basis for interdisciplinary studies carried out within the framework of Franco-Russian research projects in the field of psychology. The importance of investigating human cognition and activity in relationship with communication processes has been taken as a starting-point for these studies. This 25-year collaboration has made possible the development of new perspectives (e.g. the perceived quality approach) and research methods (e.g. techniques of free verbalization analysis) as well as their application in field studies. This collaboration has also resulted in a fruitful exchange of theoretical approaches among French and Russian researchers. The studies carried out in the field of cognition and communication have involved a number of disciplines: general, experimental and social psychology, ergonomics and education. This article presents a synthesis of a number of results obtained within the framework of Franco-Russian projects as well as various perspectives for future collaboration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document