Universal Cash and Crime

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Watson ◽  
Mouhcine Guettabi ◽  
Matthew Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Total Payment

We estimate the effects of universal cash transfers on crime from Alaska's Permanent Fund Dividend, an annual lump-sum payment to all Alaska residents. We find a 14% increase in substance-abuse incidents the day after the payment and a 10% increase over the following four weeks. This is partially offset by an 8% decrease in property crime, with no changes in violent crimes. On an annual basis, however, changes in criminal activity from the payment are small. Estimated costs comprise a very small portion of the total payment, suggesting that crime-related concerns of a universal cash transfer program may be unwarranted.

Poverty-environment relationships under market heterogeneity: cash transfers and rural livelihoods in Zambia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-314
Author(s):  
Kathleen Lawlor ◽  
Sudhanshu Handa ◽  
Benjamin Davis ◽  
David Seidenfeld ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Rural Zambia

AbstractWe examine the environmental impacts of a cash transfer program in rural Zambia and investigate whether variation in market access is associated with heterogeneous impacts on natural resource use. We consider households’ use of firewood, charcoal, bushmeat and land for farming, as well as their ownership of non-farm businesses. We find that cash transfers increase the likelihood of charcoal consumption as well as the amount consumed for those living close to paved roads. The transfers also enable households to increase the size of their farms and establish non-farm businesses. These impacts are most pronounced for those living far from paved roads. While remoteness is associated with farm expansion in response to the cash transfer, more education causes those receiving the transfer to decrease the size of their farms. This impact heterogeneity has important implications for sustainable development.

scholarly journals Granting the future? The temporality of cash transfers in the South African Countryside

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. e186648
Author(s):  
Bernard Dubbeld
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temporal Aspect ◽  
Progressive Policy ◽  
Local Traditions

In the past five years, anthropologists from the global South have come to consider public cash transfer programs as an alternative to both work-centered policies and national development projects. These studies suggest that grants today go beyond the domain of traditional social policies and government bureaucracy and point to a new future in view of the scarcity of work. This future has become even closer with the pandemic of COVID-19, and with governments, non-governmental entities and the political left reaffirming the importance of a basic universal income. Considering these discussions, my article focuses on an income transfer program in South Africa after the Apartheid period, placing an ethnographic account in relation to the design of a 'progressive' policy of social grants. I present a longer history of salaried work in relation to rural African households and show how the emancipatory promises of cash transfer projects were read as a risk to local traditions and morals. In addition to this reduction in political hopes invested in transfers, I examine the temporal aspect of cash transfers, as well as the possible futures they evoke.  By considering the futures that grants enable, I conclude by suggesting that it is premature to affirm that they have overcome wage work and its attendant sociality.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Increased Equity to the Estimated Social Benefits from a Transfer Program: An Illustration from PROGRESA/Oportunidades

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Alderman ◽  
Jere R Behrman ◽  
Afia Tasneem
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Inequality Aversion ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Future Earnings ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human Capital Investments

Abstract Most impact evaluations of Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) and Unconditional Cash Transfers (UCTs) focus on the returns to increased human capital investments that will be reaped largely or exclusively in the future (e.g., when current children have increased productivities as adults). But the objectives of these programs are not only to increase human capital investments with implications for future levels and distributions of income but also to alleviate current poverty and reduce current inequality. The current distributional gains from such programs depend on the degree of inequality aversion in the social welfare function. Simulations show that, for a range of inequality aversion parameters, the welfare gains from current redistribution for the Mexican PROGRESA CCT program can be as large, or possibly much larger, than the estimated present discounted value of future earnings from human capital investments in lower and upper secondary schooling. These, moreover, are underestimates of the gains from redistribution because, in addition to current gains, such gains will be augmented in the future through the distribution of the returns on the human capital investments induced by cash transfer programs. Therefore, to fully evaluate such programs, it is critical to incorporate the distributional gains, not only the impacts on human capital investments.

Dampak Sosial Ekonomi pada Keluaga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Exit Mandiri di Kecamatan Pagelaran Kabuoaten Pringsewu dalam Perspektif The Most Significant Change Technique (MSCt)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Ainun Oktavia Sari ◽  
◽  
Rahayu Sulistyowati ◽  
Ita Prihantika ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Change Technique ◽  
Most Significant Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact

The Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) is a conditional social cash transfer program that provides assistance to Very Poor Households (RTSM) appointed as participants in the Conditional Cash Transfer program which is related to improving the quality of human life through education and health. This study aims to analyze the impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on ex-families who receive of Conditional Cash Transfers who go out independently in Pagelaran District with indicators of changes in economic conditions, changes in health quality, and changes in the quality of education. In evaluating the impact of this program, the researcher used the impact evaluation theory using The Most Significant Change technique (MSC) which is a participatory monitoring and evaluation technique that aims to obtain information about the most important changes in family life resulting from participation in poverty programs. The results of this study indicate that the Conditional Cash Transfer in Pagelaran District has a changing impact on the Former Beneficiary Family both positive and negative. Seen from the positive impact, the Former Beneficiary Family have experienced changes for the better, especially in the fields of economy and education. However, there has been change in the health sector because the informant of the Former Beneficiary Family in Pagelaran District was the recipient of assistance in the education sector. However, the negative side is the lack of compliance of former recipient families when they become participants in education.

Do cash transfers help the poor during trade liberalization? Evidence from Laos

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-371
Author(s):  
Phouphet Kyophilavong ◽  
Xaignasack Lassachack ◽  
Thanouxay Volavong
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Liberalization Policy ◽  
The Impact

Our objective is to assess the impact of trade liberalization and cash transfer programs on poverty and income distribution in Laos.We use the computable general equilibrium model and micro-simulation to assess the impact of transfer programs during trade liberalization.The results of this study indicate that cash transfers reduce poverty and narrow income inequality during trade liberalization. Policy-makers should promote development and implementation of cash transfer in Laos in order to protect poor people from the external shocks such the impact of trade liberalization. This finding might have significant impact on promotion of cash transfer programs in order to reduce poverty and income inequality.This is the first paper to investingate the impact of a cash transfer program on poverty in Laos during trade liberalization.

scholarly journals Should Cash Transfers Be Conditional? Conditionality, Preventive Care, and Health Outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orazio P. Attanasio ◽  
Veruska Oppedisano ◽  
Marcos Vera-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer Program

We study a Conditional Cash Transfer program in which the cash transfers to the mother only depend on the fulfilment of the national preventive visit schedule by her children born before she registered in the program. We estimate that preventive visits of children born after the mother registered in the program are 50 percent lower because they are excluded from the conditionality requirement. Using the same variation, we also show that attendance to preventive care improves children health. (JEL H23, I12, I18, I38, J13, J16, O15)

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Impact of Cash Transfers on Health Care Use in Togo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaovi TOSSOU
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Cash transfer program during pandemics provide a social protection mechanism to improve the health of the most vulnerable households. This article analysis the impact of cash transfers on household demand for health care during Covid-19.Methods: Using data from the survey conducted from 8 to 17 July 2020 covering all 44 districts in the 6 health regions of Togo under the direction of the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS), we used propensity score matching and the ESR model. These models allow us to analysis the impact of cash transfers on health care use during Covid-19. Results: Analysis of the results shows a positive impact of cash transfers on the use of health care services in Togo for beneficiary households. In addition, the health insurance promotes the use of health care among households' socio-economic factors. Conclusion: This cash transfer program is an effective approach to improving access to health care services for the most vulnerable households, particularly in the most disadvantaged settings. Thus, policy makers need to extend these cash transfers to a large part of the population during this Covid-19 health crisis as it has a positive impact on the demand for health care.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the impact of cash transfers on health care use in Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaovi Tossou
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cash transfer program during pandemics provide a social protection mechanism to improve the health of the most vulnerable households. This article analysis the impact of cash transfers on household demand for health care during Covid-19. Methods Using data from the survey conducted from 8th to 17th July 2020 covering all 44 districts in the 6 health regions of Togo under the direction of the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS), we used propensity score matching and the ESR model. These models allow us to analysis the impact of cash transfers on health care use during Covid-19. Results Analysis of the results shows a positive impact of cash transfers on the use of health care services in Togo for beneficiary households. In addition, the health insurance promotes the use of health care among households’ socio-economic factors. Conclusion This cash transfer program is an effective approach to improving access to health care services for the most vulnerable households, particularly in the most disadvantaged settings. Thus, policy makers need to extend these cash transfers to a large part of the population during this Covid-19 health crisis as it has a positive impact on the demand for health care.

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