Saving for Multiple Financial Needs: Evidence from Lockboxes and Mobile Money in Malawi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Shilpa Aggarwal ◽  
Valentina Brailovskaya ◽  
Jonathan Robinson
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Savings Accounts ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Technical Issues

Abstract We test whether the provision of multiple labeled savings accounts affects savings and downstream outcomes in an experiment with 761 microentrepreneurs in urban Malawi. Treatment respondents received one or multiple savings accounts, in the form of lockboxes or mobile money. We find that while providing additional boxes increased savings by 40%, technical issues marred the efficacy of a second mobile money account. Data from novel high-frequency surveys suggests that both types of accounts had impacts on downstream outcomes, including farming decisions and credit extended to customers. We do not detect differential downstream effects by the number or modality of accounts.

scholarly journals Design and Construction of High-Quality Capacitor for High Frequency and Power Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. C1-C6
Author(s):  
Martin Zavřel ◽  
Vladimír Kindl ◽  
Tomáš Kavalír ◽  
Pavel Drábek
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Equivalent Series Resistance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Parasitic Parameters ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Power Application ◽  
Design And Construction

The paper proposes a design and construction of a special plated capacitor exhibiting very good high-frequency characteristics. The capacitor is designed to minimize the parasitic parameters like ESR (equivalent series resistance) and ESL (equivalent series inductance) and to be suitable for power industry applications. The paper describes the fabrication process and discusses technical issues related to technology of manufacturing and assembling. It also provides an experimental verification and the quality evaluation based on frequency characteristics compared to existing commercial high-quality capacitor.

Technical issues associated with the detection of buried land mines with high-frequency seismic waves

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Ho Lee ◽  
Waymond R. Scott, Jr. ◽  
James S. Martin ◽  
Gregg D. Larson ◽  
George S. McCall II
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Land Mines ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
High Frequency Seismic Waves

High Frequency Linacs for Hadrontherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Amaldi ◽  
Saverio Braccini ◽  
Paolo Puggioni
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Tumor Target ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
High Repetition ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Accelerated Protons

The use of radiofrequency linacs for hadrontherapy was proposed about 20 years ago, but only recently has it been understood that the high repetition rate together with the possibility of very rapid energy variations offers an optimal solution to the present challenge of hadrontherapy: "paint" a moving tumor target in three dimensions with a pencil beam. Moreover, the fact that the energy, and thus the particle range, can be electronically adjusted implies that no absorber-based energy selection system is needed, which, in the case of cyclotron-based centers, is the cause of material activation. On the other side, a linac consumes less power than a synchrotron. The first part of this article describes the main advantages of high frequency linacs in hadrontherapy, the early design studies, and the construction and test of the first high-gradient prototype which accelerated protons. The second part illustrates some technical issues relevant to the design of copper standing wave accelerators, the present developments, and two designs of linac-based proton and carbon ion facilities. Superconductive linacs are not discussed, since nanoampere currents are sufficient for therapy. In the last two sections, a comparison with circular accelerators and an overview of future projects are presented.

scholarly journals What Are the Headwaters of Formal Savings? Experimental Evidence from Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2491-2529
Author(s):  
Michael Callen ◽  
Suresh de Mel ◽  
Craig McIntosh ◽  
Christopher Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Savings Accounts ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Point Of Service

Abstract The world’s poor are seeing a rapid expansion in access to formal savings accounts. What is the source of savings when households are connected to a formal account? We combine a high-frequency panel survey spanning two and a half years with an experiment in which a Sri Lankan bank used mobile Point-of-Service (POS) terminals to collect deposits directly from households each week. We find that the headwaters of formal savings lie in sacrificed leisure time: households work more, and improved savings options generate an increase in labour effort in both self-employment and in the wage market. The results suggest that the labour allocation channel is an important mechanism linking savings opportunities to income.

The Microstructure of Steatite (Protoenstatite)

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
W. E. Lee ◽  
A. H. Heuer
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Glassy Matrix ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Argon Ions ◽  
High Temperature Polymorph

IntroductionTraditional steatite ceramics, made by firing (vitrifying) hydrous magnesium silicate, have long been used as insulators for high frequency applications due to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. Early x-ray and optical analysis of steatites showed that they were composed largely of protoenstatite (MgSiO3) in a glassy matrix. Recent studies of enstatite-containing glass ceramics have revived interest in the polymorphism of enstatite. Three polymorphs exist, two with orthorhombic and one with monoclinic symmetry (ortho, proto and clino enstatite, respectively). Steatite ceramics are of particular interest a they contain the normally unstable high-temperature polymorph, protoenstatite.Experimental3mm diameter discs cut from steatite rods (∼10” long and 0.5” dia.) were ground, polished, dimpled, and ion-thinned to electron transparency using 6KV Argon ions at a beam current of 1 x 10-3 A and a 12° angle of incidence. The discs were coated with carbon prior to TEM examination to minimize charging effects.

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