Description of Bursaphelenchus kiyoharai n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) with remarks on the taxonomic framework of the Parasitaphelenchinae Rühm, 1956 and Aphelenchoidinae Fuchs, 1937

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 787-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Noritoshi Maehara ◽  
Takuya Aikawa ◽  
Hayato Masuya ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract A Bursaphelenchus species was isolated from an ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus seriatus, during a biodiversity survey of entomophilic nematodes in a conserved forest in the Shirakami mountain range, Aomori, Japan. The nematode has several interesting morphological characters that do not fit the morphological definition of Bursaphelenchus, e.g., males have a tail spike instead of a bursal flap and lack the P1 ventral single papilla, and females have a very long and tapering tail (filiform). The molecular phylogenetic status of the new species inferred by the near-full-length small subunit (SSU: 18S) and the D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU: 28S) suggests, however, that the nematode is included in the B. fungivorus group, and is most closely related to B. thailandae and B. willibaldi. Despite these unique morphological characters, its spicule morphology, which is almost identical to that of B. gonzalezi, B. thailandae and B. willibaldi, and vulval structure, i.e., lacking a vulval flap, are in accordance with the molecular phylogenetic status of the nematode. The new species, which shows evidence of secondary loss of the bursal flap and P1 papilla, is described herein as B. kiyoharai n. sp. The typological descriptions of the genus and Parasitaphelenchinae were reconsidered and the taxonomic framework of the Aphelenchoidinae and Parasitaphelenchinae revised. Bursaphelenchus asiaticus n. comb. is proposed for Ruehmaphelenchus asiaticus.

Description of Ruehmaphelenchus formosanus n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Euwallacea fornicates from Taiwan

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Hayato Masuya ◽  
Hisatomo Taki ◽  
Kimiko Okabe ◽  
Chi-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Males And Females

A Ruehmaphelenchus species was isolated from an ambrosia beetle, Euwallacea fornicates, during a biodiversity survey of entomophilic nematodes in Taichung, Taiwan. The new species is characterised by a unique tail morphology in both males and females, and a unique spicule morphology in males. The male spicule has clear dorsal and ventral limbs (connected by a blade-like cuticle), a triangular membrane-like structure on its sides, and short, conspicuous, laterally oriented, projections at the distal end. In a molecular phylogenetic tree, inferred from near-full-length small subunit (SSU: 18S) and D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU: 28S) of ribosomal RNA, the new species and other nominal and undescribed Ruehmaphelenchus species formed a well supported clade within Bursaphelenchus. Although this result supports a previous study that suggested that Ruehmaphelenchus is a junior synonym of Bursaphelenchus, the generic relationship between Ruehmaphelenchus and Bursaphelenchus remains somewhat uncertain. Therefore, R. formosanus n. sp. is described as a member of Ruehmaphelenchus, although this should be regarded as a tentative placement.

Bursaphelenchus osumiana n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from dead Pinus armandii var. amamiana in Osumi Islands in Japan

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Mitsuteru Akiba ◽  
Seiichi Kanetani ◽  
Kenshi Tetsuka ◽  
Hiroharu Ikegame
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Sequence Profiles

An undescribed Bursaphelenchus species was isolated and cultured from materials collected during a field survey of a declining endemic pine species. Two nematode isolates were obtained from dead Pinus armandii var. amamiana on two islands (Yakushima and Tanegashima) in Kagoshima, Japan. The new nematode is described and illustrated herein as B. osumiana n. sp. Typologically, B. osumiana n. sp. is similar to B. parvispicularis and B. paraparvispicularis, i.e., males of these species have a short, stout spicule. The new species is distinguished from the other two by the shape of the male bursal flap (very small and triangular) and female tail morphology (weakly ventrally arcuate with narrow rounded or weakly pointed terminus), which are unique to this species. Near full-length molecular sequences of the small subunit (18S), internal transcribed spacer region, and D2D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of ribosomal RNA and a partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) were obtained to molecularly profile the new species. The sequence profiles were identical for the two isolates of B. osumiana n. sp., and were close to those of B. parvispicularis and B. paraparvispicularis. The new species was clearly distinguished molecularly from both of its close relatives and its molecular phylogenetic status and typological characters were in accordance. Other biological characters, e.g., carrier insect species and pathogenicity with regard to pine tree species, have not been clarified and should be examined in future studies.

Description of two Pseudaphelenchus species (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) associated with Asian termites and proposal of Tylaphelenchinae n. subfam.

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Hou-Feng Li ◽  
Yen-Chiu Lan ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Coptotermes Formosanus ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Tail Tip

Two new Pseudaphelenchus species were discovered from subterranean and arboreal termites from the East Asian subtropics. Pseudaphelenchus sui n. sp. isolated from Coptotermes formosanus was collected from Miyako Isl., Okinawa, Japan, and P. scheffrahni n. sp. was isolated from Nasutitermes takasagoensis collected from the Kenting National Park in Taiwan. The two new species and P. vindai, previously described from Panamanian termites, are close to each other, and are not easily distinguished morphologically, i.e., these three are almost ‘cryptic species’. However, they can be distinguished based on minor morphological differences, including shape of male bursa (clearest in P. vindai, vague in P. sui n. sp. and intermediate in P. scheffrahni n. sp.), male tail tip (P. sui n. sp. often have a small mucron but the others do not), and in the character of the female tail (the two new species have stronger ventral curvature than P. vindai, and further, P. sui n. sp. has clear annulation at distal part, while the other species do not). Molecular phylogenetic analysis based upon near-full-length sequences of the small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene suggested that Pseudaphelenchus and Tylaphelenchus form a strongly-supported clade at the base of the family Aphelenchoididae, and that Tylaphelenchus is included in Pseudaphelenchus as an inner clade. Therefore, based on their phylogenetic status and common morphological characters, e.g., small body and spherical median bulb, a subfamily, Tylaphelenchinae n. subfam. is proposed to embrace these two genera. In addition, Ruehmaphelenchus ipidicola n. comb. (= Tylaphelenchus ipidicola) is proposed.

Observations on Malenchus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4369 (3) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJID PEDRAM ◽  
MAHYA SOLEYMANZADEH ◽  
EBRAHIM POURJAM ◽  
MAHYAR MOBASSERI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Short Body

Malenchus geraerti n. sp., recovered from natural regions of northern Iran, is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterized by having females with a short body, an anteriorly wide S-shaped amphidial opening narrowing posteriorly, cuticle with prominent annuli, lateral field a plain band with smooth margins, muscular metacorpus with well-developed valve and corresponding plates, spermatheca filled with small spheroid sperm cells, vulva sunken in body with large epiptygma and no flap, and conical tail tapering gradually to a more or less pointed tip. Males of the new species are characterized by having a short body, tylenchoid spicules, adcloacal bursa with smooth margin and tail similar to that of the female. Morphologically, the new species is similar to five known species of the genus: M. fusiformis, M. machadoi, M. pachycephalus, M. solovjovae and M. undulatus. It most closely resembles M. pachycephalus, but as a cryptic species it can be differentiated using morphological and molecular characteristics. Comparisons with the four other aforementioned species are also discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of small and large subunit ribosomal DNA fragments reveal that the new species forms a clade with the species M. neosulcus in the small subunit (SSU) rDNA, and two species of Lelenchus in the large subunit (LSU) rDNA tree. 

Amanita glarea, a new species in section Vaginatae from Pakistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANA JABEEN ◽  
MUNAZZA KIRAN ◽  
SADIQ ULLAH ◽  
ANDREW W. WILSON ◽  
GREGORY M. MUELLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Data ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Data

A new species, Amanita glarea, is described and illustrated from Pakistan. Molecular phylogenetic data derived from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) regions along with morphological characters make it distinct from other currently known Amanita species. Amanita glarea is characterized by a grayish brown, slightly umbonate, pileus having universal veil remnants and striate margins, a long ringless stipe with a saccate volva bearing yellowish brown patches on the verrucose surface, inamyloid globose to subglobose basidiospores, and a filamentous pileipellis with some inflated round to elongated cells. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal ITS and LSU nucleotide sequences resolve A. glarea with other taxa in Amanita section Vaginatae.

Pseudaphelenchus yukiae n. gen., n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) associated with Cylindrotermes macrognathus (Termitidae: Termitinae) in La Selva, Costa Rica

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis ◽  
Rudolf H. Scheffrahn ◽  
Barbara J. Center ◽  
Kerrie A. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
La Selva ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ribosomal Dna Sequence

Abstract A species of aphelenchoidid nematode was isolated from a subterranean termite, Cylindrotermes macrognathus, during a survey of termite-associated nematodes in a conserved forest in La Selva, Costa Rica. The nematode was morphologically intermediate between the families Aphelenchidae and Aphelenchoididae, i.e., the nematode had a true bursa supported by bursal limb-like genital papillae but lacked a clear pharyngeal isthmus. The molecular phylogenetic status of the new nematode among tylenchid, cephalobid, panagrolaimid, aphelenchid and aphelenchoidid genera was analysed based on ca 1.2 kb of SSU ribosomal DNA sequence and the inferred position was basal to the family Aphelenchoididae. It was clearly not part of the clade containing the genus Aphelenchus (=Aphelenchidae). This nematode is described herein as Pseudaphelenchus yukiae n. gen., n. sp., and the family definition of Aphelenchoididae is emended to include the unique morphological characters of this new genus. The molecular phylogenetic analysis supported the paraphyly of the three Aphelenchoidinae genera Aphelenchoides, Laimaphelenchus and Schistonchus and the monophyly of Ektaphelenchinae, Seinura (Seinurinae) and Noctuidonema (Acugutturinae). However, many more representatives are needed to resolve the family-genus level phylogeny of Aphelenchoididae.

Description of Ruehmaphelenchus fujiensis n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula from Yamanashi, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Quercus Crispula ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Summary Three undescribed Ruehmaphelenchus species were isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula collected in three different localities in Japan. One of these three species was successfully cultured using Botrytis cinerea as its food fungus and is described and figured as R. fujiensis n. sp. The new species is characterised by the following features: male tail, conical with or without a projection; female tail, conical with variously shaped terminal mucron or projection; and male spicule possessing a relatively long and triangular condylus. The new species is close to, or almost a cryptic species of R. digitulus, i.e., the typological characters and morphometric values of these two species are mostly overlapping. In a molecular phylogenetic relationship inferred from near-full-length small subunit (18S) and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (28S) of ribosomal RNA, the new species is close to R. asiaticus, R. digitulus, R. formosanus, and Ruehmaphelenchus sp. NKZ202; however, it was clearly separated from these species.

Molecular phylogenetic analysis reveals two new species of Discosia from Italy

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Jian-kui Liu ◽  
D. Jayarama Bhat ◽  
Erio Camporesi ◽  
Dong-QING DAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Forensic Dna ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Large Subunit Rdna

Two fresh collections of Discosia were made from dead leaves of Fagus sylvatica in Italy. As these collections could not be cultured, the fruiting bodies were directly used for sequencing using a Forensic DNA Extraction Kit. Based on analyses of the concatenated internal transcribed spacer regions of the nrDNA operon (ITS) and large subunit rDNA (LSU) gene sequences, as well as morphological characters, the fresh collections are introduced as two new species, namely D. italica and D. fagi. Phylogenetically, these two species are distinct from all other Discosia species. Morphologically, D. italica is somewhat similar with D. fagi, but can be distinguished using dimension of conidiomata and conidiogenous cells. Descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa are provided herein.

scholarly journals A multi-gene phylogeny of Chlorophyllum (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota): new species, new combination and infrageneric classification

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 65-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zai-Wei Ge ◽  
Adriaana Jacobs ◽  
Else C. Vellinga ◽  
Phongeun Sysouphanthong ◽  
Retha van der Walt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Chlorophyllum were carried out on the basis of morphological differences and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Based on the phylogeny inferred from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the partial large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrLSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) sequences, six well-supported clades and 17 phylogenetic species are recognised. Within this phylogenetic framework and considering the diagnostic morphological characters, two new species, C.africanum and C.palaeotropicum, are described. In addition, a new infrageneric classification of Chlorophyllum is proposed, in which the genus is divided into six sections. One new combination is also made. This study provides a robust basis for a more detailed investigation of diversity and biogeography of Chlorophyllum.

Morphological and molecular data of two species of the rare genera Thada Thorne, 1941 and Tenunemellus Siddiqi, 1986 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hosseinvand ◽  
A. Eskandari ◽  
R. Ghaderi ◽  
A. Karegar
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Abstract Thada populus n. sp. was found in the rhizosphere of Populus euphratica in the city of Dezful, south-western Iran. The new species is characterized by its 365–453 μm body length, cuticle with transverse annuli 0.9–1.2 μm wide, lateral fields with four lines, lip region low with one or two annuli, 7.0–8.5 μm wide at base, longitudinal or slightly sigmoid amphidial slit, delicate stylet 8.4–9.8 μm long with posteriorly directed knobs, dorsal pharyngeal gland opening at 1.0–1.5 μm posterior to the stylet knobs, non-muscular and valve-less median bulb, pyriform and offset basal bulb, almost oval spermatheca, posterior position of vulva (V = 75–79%) without lateral membrane, short post-vulval uterine sac and conical tail with finely to broadly rounded terminus. Morphological differences of the new species with those of the type species, Thada striata, are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies of the new species using partial sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNA revealed that the new species formed a clade with Malenchus spp., Filenchus facultativus, F. fungivorus and Filenchus sp. in Bayesian inference. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies were also performed on Tenunemellus indicus, the second recovered species, the latter analysis using partial sequences of large subunit ribosomal DNA. In the inferred Bayesian tree, T. indicus formed a clade with Labrys fuzhouensis, Lelenchus leptosoma from the Netherlands, Malenchus spp. and Filenchus discrepans.

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