Democracy and Meritocracy: A False Dichotomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-247
Author(s):  
Qianfan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Electoral Democracy ◽  
Political Meritocracy ◽  
Definition Of

In this article I refute the conceptual viability of “political meritocracy” and its application to mainland China. I begin with the methodological individualistic definition of “merit,” arguing that electoral democracy based on one-person, one-vote is the genuine form of meritocracy. I then respond to several challenges to electoral democracy and argues that they can—perhaps can only—be properly addressed by improving democracy itself. I further refute the proposition that China is a case for political meritocracy and argue that Singapore would not have been meritocratic but for its functioning (albeit defective) elections based on one-person, onevote. I conclude with a call for contemporary neo-Confucians to develop political doctrines responsibly in order to make Confucianism relevant today.

The Trickster in Serialized Television: An Anti-hero of Postmodern Mythologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Halwani
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Definition Of

Anti-heroes have become prevalent on the television home screen since the advent of cable in the late 90s. But the shift to Quality TV made the anti-hero even more dominant in its complex narratives. In order to understand why, I had to identify what an anti-hero really is. Carl Gustav Jung’s theory of the archetypes is one of the most comprehensive and referenced theories when it comes to character development and screenwriting, but the more complex contemporary narratives are becoming, the more the theory is proving to be outdated. However, a particularly perplexing Jungian archetype stands out: the trickster-figure. The investigation into the definition of the trickster yielded different attributes that render it a highly postmodern concept. This dissertation aims at identifying the contemporary TV anti-hero as the mythical player of tricks. Through a survey of 21st century semiotics, structural and poststructural theories, as well as contemporary theories on character and engagement in Serial TV consumption and “binge” culture, this dissertation aims to show how the trickster-figure is as relevant today as it was in ancient times.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF THE SPEECH THERAPIST DURING UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONORETICAL ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF THE SPEECH THERAPIST DURING UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
University Education ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Speech Therapist ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Speech Therapists

The publication is dedicated to one of the relevant pedagogical problems of modern higher education – the training of future speech therapists. As the humanistic model of education is relevant today, modern scientific research is focused on such key aspects as: definition of content, directions, principles, stages, components of the training of future speech therapists, consideration of humanistic priorities in the professional training of future speech therapists, the formation of humanistic personal competences of future specialists and others. The article analyzes the legal framework and scientific works in the field of the theory and methodology of vocational education of teachers in general and speech therapists, in particular, the essence of these scientific categories is determined, the specificity of the training of the speech therapist in the conditions of university education is revealed. The article also outlines the main directions and tasks of further scientific research.

Taxonomy and behaviour of lucioline fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae) with redefinition and new species of Pygoluciola Wittmer from mainland China and review of Luciola LaPorte

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1733 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN HUA FU ◽  
LESLEY BALLANTYNE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
First Record ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Subfamily Classification ◽  
Definition Of

Subfamily classification within the Lampyridae, and generic categories in the Luciolinae are reviewed, as are the difficulties that often exist with accurate species determinations because of inadequate definition of the genus Luciola LaPorte. A key to genera of the Luciolinae reflects current phylogenetic trends and includes the first morphological details of Luciola (Photuroluciola) (Pic). An expanded generic definition of Pygoluciola Wittmer includes an extension of its geographic range. Pygoluciola qingyu sp. nov. is described including morphology of males, females (bursa structure) and larvae, and the first record of synchronous flashing from mainland China. Behaviour including predacious activity by larvae on large mandibulate ants, in an apparently hazardous frontal attack, the semiaquatic mode of life and luminous activity including synchronous flashing is described and discussed. A lectotype male of Luciola cerata Olivier is designated and described.

Stages of the formation of national myths in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Y.A. Ishutina
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Greater China ◽  
National Myths ◽  
Cultural Science ◽  
Definition Of

The genesis of Chinese mythology is determined by the process of national construction in the Mainland China. The definition of the main stages of the formation of national myths from the point of view of cultural science is the novelty of study, in which an attempt is made to trace the specifics of the formation of two modern myths of Greater China.

Three Models of Democratic Meritocracy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Electoral Democracy ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Voting Scheme ◽  
Political Meritocracy

This chapter discusses three models of “democratic meritocracy,” along with their pros and cons: a model that combines democracy and meritocracy at the level of the voter; a horizontal model that combines democracy and meritocracy at the level of central political institutions; and a vertical model with political meritocracy at the level of the central government and democracy at the local level. It argues that the third model is the best of the three and goes on to consider John Stuart Mill's proposal for a plural voting scheme, Jiang Qing's proposal for a tricameral legislature, and Chinese Minister Li Yuanchao's views on the meritocratic nature of selection at higher levels of government in China. Finally, it examines the implications of referendum for electoral democracy by citing the case of Chile in the second half of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Confucian Political Theory in Contemporary China

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Huah Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Communist Party Of China ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
New Confucianism ◽  
Political Meritocracy ◽  
Areas Of Interest

This article discusses what traditional Confucian political theory represents and how it is reconstructed by contemporary Confucians to cope with the various challenges that it faces in modern times. Specifically, I examine the school of New Confucianism in Taiwan and Hong Kong, political Confucianism and civic Confucianism in mainland China, and the theory of Confucian political meritocracy. I then analyze how the Communist Party of China attempts to promote Confucianism in order to consolidate its authoritarian rule and what damage this may cause to resurgent Confucianism. Finally, I evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and suggest some areas of interest for further exploration.

“A Not-so-silent Form of Activism”: Intentional Community as Collective Action Reservoir

2020 ◽  
pp. 016059762095194
Author(s):  
Zach Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Intentional Community ◽  
Political Work ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Definition Of

Recent scholarship on social movement groups has increasingly focused on the relationships between lifestyle and politics. As walls of classical social movement theories holding up the false dichotomy of personal and political spheres continue to crumble, I seek in this article to fill some of the space connecting personal and political work by expanding on the concept of collective action reservoirs. Based on an ethnographic case study of an intentional community named Dancing Rabbit Ecovillage, I demonstrate how participation in a shared lifestyle can be the basis for a politicized account of everyday life. The members of this village have developed a unique lifestyle that they consider to be a form of political engagement, in which I show that they have different orientations to the definition of activism and to being in a “reserve guard” for direct action. They have developed and adopted an approach where lifestyle is the primary means of seeking change while direct action is held in reserve. I conclude by theorizing that the collective action reservoir represents a long-term stable base for social movement mobilizations.

scholarly journals Evolution of effective serial interval of SARS-CoV-2 by non-pharmaceutical interventions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Taslim Ali ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Eric H. Y. Lau ◽  
Xiao-Ke Xu ◽  
Zhanwei Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Reproduction Numbers ◽  
Serial Interval ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

Abstract Studies of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have reported varying estimates of epidemiological parameters such as serial intervals and reproduction numbers. By compiling a unique line-list database of transmission pairs in mainland China, we demonstrated that serial intervals of COVID-19 have shortened substantially from a mean of 7.8 days to 2.6 days within a month. This change is driven by enhanced non-pharmaceutical interventions, in particular case isolation. We also demonstrated that using real-time estimation of serial intervals allowing for variation over time would provide more accurate estimates of reproduction numbers, than by using conventional definition of fixed serial interval distributions. These findings are essential to improve the assessment of transmission dynamics, forecasting future incidence, and estimating the impact of control measures.

scholarly journals Guarding the Space In-between

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 36-52
Author(s):  
Ling Tang
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Chinese Student ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Chinese Nationalism ◽  
Mainland Chinese Students ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Depth Interviews

Based on eight in-depth interviews, this article analyses the quandary faced by liberal mainland Chinese student migrants in Hong Kong. On the one hand, the liberal pro-democracy movements in Hong Kong are deeply intertwined with the rise of localism, which is based on a dichotomy between Hong Kong and mainland China. On the other hand, a rising, development-centric nationalism in mainland China reduces Hong Kong protesters to unemancipated British colonial subjects. However, in the context of this “double marginalisation,” liberal Mainland students guard a form of liberalism that transcends both Hong Kong localism and Chinese nationalism. They debunk the stereotype of mainland Chinese students being apolitical and therefore provide an alternative definition of being Chinese. They challenge the view that mainland Chinese can only be emancipated outside mainland China to destabilise a Fukuyamian linear interpretation of history. They use four tactics to cope with double marginalisation: understanding localists, befriending expatriates, assuming professionalism, and becoming apolitical. Image © Ling Tang

scholarly journals Decomposition of social problems of management digitalization

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
A. V. Raychenko
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Specific Material ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regional Programs

The decomposition of social problems of management digitalization has been proved, presented and investigated in the article, the directories and formats of their positioning have been selected and opened consistently. Key objects of the research are manifestations of influence of social problems on setting, development and implementation of programs of management digitalization, approaches, opportunities and examples of definition of options of their resolution. Conducted analysis and formulated conclusions allow us to create complete representation and to implement applied recommendations about selection, a research and solution influence of social problems on management digitalization of modern organization. This is especially relevant today, when national, sectoral and regional programs for the digitalization of the economy and management define one of the key trends in breakthrough socio-economic development.The examples of the manifestation, study and resolution of social problems of digitalization from the actual practice of managing leading, efficiently operating domestic enterprises in the real sector of their sectors have been analyzed. The presenting material has been collected, processed and adapted by the author in the process of development, implementation and maintenance of the use of organizational and methodological materials commissioned by these organizations, as part of the implementation of applied research. In the statement of the provisions of the article, the material has been also used, collected by the author on open resources and in the processes of interaction with organizations of the infrastructure, that are actively introducing and widely using digital products and databases in management practice. Carried-out analysis of specific material actually involved in the processes of enterprises and organizations allows us reliably, adequately and prospectively oriented to identify, evaluate and decompose the existing range of social problems of management digitalization.

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