Rhetorics of Land and Power in the Polla Inscription (CIL I2 638)

Mnemosyne ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth G. Bernard ◽  
Cynthia Damon ◽  
Campbell Grey
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Face

The famous inscription from Polla reporting a Roman magistrate’s management of problems and opportunities in Italian and provincial contexts is a perennial tease: its information is rich but contradictory. In this paper we accept a second centurybcedate for the inscription and the events it reports but leave the much discussed question of the dedicator’s identity aside in order to focus on the inscription’s rhetoric: by looking at the grounds on which the magistrate claims the esteem of his audience, rather than at how the information he provides ‘is consistent with’ some other set of facts, be it an individual career or a war or a political movement, we gain a clearer understanding of his message and intended audience or audiences. What emerges, we suggest, is a magistrate presenting himself as the ‘face’ of Roman hegemony in southern Italy and Sicily, and in the process revealing the complex processes of cooperation and domination, negotiation and concession that were fundamental to Roman hegemony in that period. More particularly, we argue for the relevance of our magistrate’s actions in Sicily to his reception in Lucania, despite the different status of the two areas vis-à-vis the Roman state.

Money and Flows of Coinage in the Red Sea Trade

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Nappo
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Roman Coins ◽  
Precious Metal Content ◽  
The Face ◽  
Over Time

This chapter considers the financial scale of Indo-Roman trade via the Red Sea, comparing the large sums mentioned by Pliny with the evidence of customs dues, ostraca from the Red Sea port of Berenike, and hoards of Roman coins found in India. Analysis of the finds of Roman coins in India by value rather than number over time suggests that, contrary to prevailing opinion, there was not a major diminution in the value of the trade after the reign of Tiberius. Although there was apparently some decline in the Flavian period, the face value of coin finds recovers in the second century until the reign of Antoninus Pius. Coins for export to India were specially selected for their higher precious metal content, and older issues with a higher silver content continued to be exported to India long after they had largely ceased to circulate within the Roman Mediterranean.

Co-Creation and bridging theory-method divides

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Annaleise Depper ◽  
Simone Fullagar
Keyword(s):  
Linear Form ◽  
New Materialism ◽  
Theory Method ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
The Face ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Novel Method

This chapter thinks through the possibilities and challenges posed by Co-Creation as a knowledge practice that is more than a ‘novel method’ for addressing urban inequality. We consider the onto-ethico-epistemological assumptions that underpin the ‘doing’ of co-creation as inventive practice. Drawing upon Barad (2007), Deleuze and Guattari (1987) and post-qualitative scholars (St Pierre, 2011), we ask what claims are made about participatory approaches in voicing issues of marginalisation? How are human and non-human relations recognised in creative collaborations? What role does affect play in the micropolitics of working with different desires, bodies, and techniques to effect change? New materialism offers a useful orientation to thinking through Co-Creation as a material-discursive process that has a rhizomatic, rather than linear form. Moving beyond humanist assumptions about individual creativity and essentialised identity categories, Co-Creation can be understood as a research assemblage that brings into relation objects, desires, bodies and contexts to disrupt, queer, reimagine and contest the normative (e.g. stigmatising of groups and places, and the invisibility of privileged perspectives). Using examples from our own and others’ work we explore the complex processes of Co-Creation projects, as they bring together artists, academics and communities in the face of urban inequality and marginalisation.

The Aristē Politeia and Aristotle’s Intended Audience in the Politica

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Mulhern
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
The Face ◽  
Better Than

While Aristotle adverts in the Politica to those who have declared themselves about the aristē or best politeia without qualification, he actually devotes much of his attention here to telling his intended audience how to establish and maintain the aristē politeia for each of the different places in which each of them is engaged, given the circumstances. In the face of this contrast in the Politica, scholars look to EN 1135a5 for clarification. According to the established interpretation of EN 1135a5, Aristotle means that there is only one politeia that is best by nature for every place. According to the alternative interpretation, Aristotle means that, for every place, there is only one politeia that is best by nature for it. In this paper it is argued that the alternative interpretation fits both works better than does the established interpretation.

scholarly journals 3D Reconstruction of a Roman Bridge in Canosa di Puglia (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Germano Germano'
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Roman Architecture ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The One ◽  
Roman Age ◽  
Metrological Approach

The Roman bridge near Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy) currently has a very different morphology from the one planned by its builders in the second century AD as part of the program for the construction of the Via Traiana. Although the piers, the abutments and the foundation platea are still preserved from the Roman age, the changes made over the centuries have altered its aspect, forgetting the traces of its monumental past. Starting from the surviving elements and the few available sources, an investigation has been carried out to reconstruct its original structure, thanks to a multidisciplinary and metrological approach and the combined use of aerophotogrammetry and 3D modeling. The usage of these technologies proved to be an essential tool, since they made it possible to carry out a survey otherwise hampered by the bulk of the artifact and the presence of the Ofanto River flowing below. The outcome of this research has led to a reconstruction hypothesis that returns a majestic monument that deserves an adequate place in the panorama of Roman architecture.  

Making the Bible Belt

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Locke
Keyword(s):  
American South ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Religious Right ◽  
Religious Support ◽  
Bible Belt ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Face ◽  
The American South ◽  
Shared Commitment

By reconstructing the religious crusade to achieve prohibition in Texas, Making the Bible Belt reveals how southern religious leaders overcame long-standing anticlerical traditions and built a powerful political movement that injected religion irreversibly into public life. H.L. Mencken coined the term “Bible Belt” in the 1920s to capture the peculiar alliance of religion and public life in the American South, but the reality he described was only the closing chapter of a long historical process. Through the politics of prohibition, and in the face of bitter resistance, a complex but shared commitment to expanding the power and scope of religion transformed southern evangelicals’ inward-looking restraints into an aggressive, self-assertive, and unapologetic political activism. Early defeats forced prohibitionist clergy to recast their campaign as a broader effort that churned notions of history, race, gender, and religion into a moral crusade that elevated ambitious leaders such as the pugnacious fundamentalist J. Frank Norris and US senator Morris Sheppard, the “Father of National Prohibition,” into national figures. By exploring the controversies surrounding the religious support of prohibition in Texas, Making the Bible Belt reconstructs the purposeful, decades-long campaign to politicize southern religion, hints at the historical origins of the religious right, and explores a compelling and transformative moment in American history.

Sacred Values: Islam, Communism, and Moroccan Nationalism in the Long 1960s

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-230
Author(s):  
Alma Rachel Heckman
Keyword(s):  
Political Movement ◽  
Sacred Values ◽  
The Face

This chapter examines efforts of Jews and Muslims in Morocco to reconcile communism with Moroccan nationalism predicated on Islam, centered on the figure of the King as the amir al-mu’minin (Commander of the Faithful) through the long 1960s. The stakes for Jewish and Muslim communists in this setting were high, including the need to demonstrate authenticity and legitimacy of their political movement in the face of accusations of communism as a foreign, colonial, and thus inorganic movement within Morocco. The long 1960s included a major leftist student uprising in 1965, several constitutional crises, and two attempted coups, all of which heightened the existential tension of the Moroccan left within the Islamist monarchy.

JAPAN’S ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND POLITICAL CONDITIONS DURING MEIJI AND TAISHO PERIODS: OSHIN

mezurashii ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia - Arianti
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Meiji Period ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Materials Used

Abstrak: Studi ini didasarkan pada serial TV Oshin yang disiarkan perdana pada 1983. Oshin, tokoh utama, lahir di Jepang pada tahun 1900 pada periode Meiji dan menghabiskan masa remajanya pada periode Taisho. Kebanyakan penelitian mengenai Jepang sebelumnya belum memasukan Oshin dan Face-Threatenig Acts sebagai landasan studi. Disinilah kekurangan yang akan diisi oleh studi ini dimana studi ini akan menunjukan sisi gelap Jepang pada periode Meiji dan Taisho melalui Face-Threatening Acts yang terdapat dalam dorama Oshin. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa Jepang mengalami masalah kemiskinan pada zaman Meiji serta permasalahan politk pada zaman Taisho. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa Face-Threatening Acts dapat merepresentasikan latar belakang tempat dan waktu dari sebuah cerita.Kata kunci: Oshin, Face-Threatening Acts, periode Meiji, periode Taisho Abstract: This study is based on a Japanese TV series titled Oshin which was firstly aired in 1983. Oshin, the main character, was born in Japan in 1900 during Meiji period and spent her teenagehood in Taisho period. Previous studies examining Japan mostly do not include Oshin and Face Threatening Acts in the methods/materials used. These are the gaps the current study is fulfilling since this study aims to investigate Oshin’s portrayal of Japan, by using Face Threatening Acts theory, which can reveal Japan’s dark history to people outside Japan. Findings show that face threatening acts in the conversations amongst the characters reflect Japan’s poverty in Meiji period. The face threatening acts also reveal the “underground” political movement emerged in Taisho period as well as laborers’ bad working condition. This study shows how face threatening acts in a conversation can reflect the condition of the place and time when the conversation occurs. This study will also open the society’s eyes on what happened in Japan during Meiji and Taisho periods so that more people can learn from the history.Keywords: Oshin, Face-Threatening Acts, Meiji period, Taisho period

Real Time Multi Face Blurring on Uncontrolled Environment based on Color Space algorithm

2019 ◽  
pp. 618-1626
Author(s):  
Alya'a R. Ali ◽  
Ban N. Dhannoon
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Dynamic Background ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Single Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Advanced Computer

Faces blurring is one of the important complex processes that is considered one of the advanced computer vision fields. The face blurring processes generally have two main steps to be done. The first step has detected the faces that appear in the frames while the second step is tracking the detected faces which based on the information extracted during the detection step. In the proposed method, an image is captured by the camera in real time, then the Viola Jones algorithm used for the purpose of detecting multiple faces in the captured image and for the purpose of reducing the time consumed to handle the entire captured image, the image background is removed and only the motion areas are processed. After detecting the faces, the Color-Space algorithm is used to tracks the detected faces depending on the color of the face and to check the differences between the faces the Template Matching algorithm was used to reduce the processes time. Finally, thedetected faces as well as the faces that were tracked based on their color were obscured by the use of the Gaussian filter. The achieved accuracy for a single face and dynamic background are about 82.8% and 76.3% respectively.

Early-Christian Epitaphs from Phrygia

1955 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Face

The earliest Christians of Phrygia were the nameless converts made by Paul the Apostle when he preached to a congregation of Jews and “Godfearing” gentiles (the latter being Greek or Greco-Phrygian incolae or cives of the colonia and Greek-speaking members of Roman colonial families in the synagogue at Colonia Caesareia Antiocheia in A.D. 49; and before Paul's death the Christian mission to Phrygia had been launched from bases both in the east (Iconium and Antioch) and in the west (Laodicea, Hierapolis and Colossae). Between the middle of the first and the end of the second century, five generations of Phrygian Christians (as Paul expressed it on the same occasion) “fell on sleep and were laid unto their fathers”—in surface family sepulchres along the roads outside the cities and in country graveyards throughout all the hellenised districts of Phrygia. During this period the strong conservatism of Phrygian sepulchral custom, reinforced by the prudence in the face of persecution or proscription held to be enjoined by Scripture (had not Jesus himself withdrawn into Gethsemane?), precluded the open display on tombstones—in all ages the consecrated tokens of sorrow and of hope—of any trace of the Christian profession.

The Literary Genre and Purpose of Justin's Second Apology: A Critical Review with Insights from Ancient Epistolography

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runar M. Thorsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Christian Teaching ◽  
Justin Martyr ◽  
Exact Relationship

The Apologies of Justin Martyr are among our most important sources for the state and development of early Christianity in the second century. In the Apologies, Justin, who is often said to have initiated the first serious dialogue between Christianity and Greco-Roman philosophy, attempts to define and explain to the outside world what the Christian teaching and way of life are, and what they are not. Because of this normative tenor of the writings, modern readers sometimes tend to approach their content as more-or-less timeless articulations that are only vaguely connected to the historical circumstances in which they were written. But as with most writings from antiquity, the content of Justin's Apologies, including questions of theology, philosophy, and ethics, is intimately bound to their historical context, as recent scholarship on Justin has shown very well. However, the historical questions of the literary genre, intended audience, occasion, and purpose of the Apologies are still debated among scholars, including the question of the exact relationship between the First and the Second Apology. To critically deal with these questions, all of which are interrelated, is of utmost importance for our understanding of Justin Martyr and his writings, and thus of second-century Christianity in general.

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