Reproducción de Psammodromus hispanicus en una arenal costero del nordeste ibérico

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Llorente ◽  
M.A. Carretero
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Endogenous Rhythm ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Second Clutch ◽  
Ne Spain

Abstract; The reproduction of a population of Psammodromus hispanicus was studied on a coastal sand area of NE Spain and compared with other populations. Sexual maturity is reached in the first spring, and there are no subadults. Reproductive activity occurs in March to July. The beginning of reproduction depends on the spring temperature increase but the end is produced by an endogenous rhythm. Eggs size, clutch size and length of the hatchlings are very close to those of other populations. The major difference is that a second clutch can be laid by the largest females. This is the first such record in the species.

scholarly journals Female reproductive cycle of the snaked-eyed Lizard Ophisops elegans Ménétriés, 1832 (Reptilia: Lacertidae) from Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fida Nassar ◽  
Souad Hraoui-Bloquet
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ophisops Elegans ◽  
Female Reproductive Cycle

We studied the female reproductive cycle of a population of Ophisops elegans lizard from the herpetology collection of the Natural History Museum of the Lebanese University. Females collected during spring and summer showed vitellogenesis in their ovaries with oviposition occurring from May to July followed by a subsequent quiescent period. They produced up to two clutches. Mean clutch size was 3.2 ± 1, range 2-5 eggs. Clutch size was independent of female body size. The smallest female attaining sexual maturity had a snout vent length of 45 mm. Sexual maturity can be attained within one year of age. We found no significant difference in body size between female and male adult lizards. Seasonal variations in the reproductive activity of females were well synchronized with those of males. 

OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE OF A POLYPHAGOUS MOTH, THE OBLIQUEBANDED LEAFROLLER, CHORISTONEURA ROSACEANA (HARRIS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Carrière ◽  
S. Paré ◽  
B.D. Roitberg
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Aversive Learning ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Lifetime Fecundity ◽  
Daily Pattern ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Second Clutch

AbstractThe daily pattern of oviposition, the rank order of oviposition preference for three potential hosts, and the effect of experience on oviposition preference were investigated under natural abiotic conditions in the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana. Females from the two adult cohorts occurring seasonally oviposited between 0400 and 2400 hours, with peak oviposition around 2000 hours. Both non-choice and choice oviposition trials revealed that the apple and snowberry hosts were preferred over wild rose. Oviposition preference resulted in delays in laying on the less preferred host, but seemed to have no effect on clutch size. Females caged with exclusive access to one of the three hosts appeared to have similar lifetime fecundity or longevity. A first oviposition on wild rose resulted in a delay in laying a second clutch on that host, which suggests the presence of aversive learning that could function to reduce the liklihood of laying successive clutches on a less preferred host. A first oviposition on the apple host, however, seemed to have no effect on further oviposition preference. Hence, it appears that learning would not function specifically to concentrate foraging of the females within apple orchards.

scholarly journals Climatic effects on breeding grounds are more important drivers of breeding phenology in migrant birds than carry-over effects from wintering grounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 20130669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ockendon ◽  
Dave Leech ◽  
James W. Pearce-Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Breeding Phenology ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
The Impact

Long-distance migrants may be particularly vulnerable to climate change on both wintering and breeding grounds. However, the relative importance of climatic variables at different stages of the annual cycle is poorly understood, even in well-studied Palaearctic migrant species. Using a national dataset spanning 46 years, we investigate the impact of wintering ground precipitation and breeding ground temperature on breeding phenology and clutch size of 19 UK migrants. Although both spring temperature and arid zone precipitation were significantly correlated with laying date, the former accounted for 3.5 times more inter-annual variation. Neither climate variable strongly affected clutch size. Thus, although carry-over effects had some impact, they were weaker drivers of reproductive traits than conditions on the breeding grounds.

scholarly journals Breeding biology of Bengal eyed turtle Morenia petersi (Anderson 1879) in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
Md Lokman Hossain ◽  
Shorab Uddin Sarker ◽  
Noor Jahan Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Clutch

This study was conducted to determine the breeding season, gonad development, egg laying period, clutch size and other biological aspects of Bengal Eyed Turtle, Morenia petersi of Bangladesh. The egg-laying period was found between November and February. The nesting sites were elevated fallow lands in secluded areas. The female turtle laid all the mature eggs at a time for each clutch at night. A gravid female turtle laid two clutches of eggs in each breeding season and the mean clutch size was 9.7 ± 1.5 eggs and mean weight of each egg was 8.9 ± 1.3 g. The eggs are elongated in shape and whitish in colour. The mean incubation period was 119 ± 30 days. The incubation period of first clutch was the longer than the second clutch. The hatchlings emerged out between April and May. Hatchery success was found 56.8%. The percentage of weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) by weight of hatchlings in the first year was greater than second and third year. Present investigation was made to explore the possibility to raise turtle farming in captive condition.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(2): 169-181, 2014

Population dynamics of Sesarma rectum (Crustacea: Brachyura: Grapsidae) in the Ariquindá River mangrove, north-east of Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela da Silva Castiglioni ◽  
Paloma Joana Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Josivan Soares da Silva ◽  
Petrônio Alves Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
North East ◽  
Class Frequency ◽  
Autumn And Winter

This study was carried out in order to provide basic information on the population ecology of the crab Sesarma rectum in the Ariquindá River mangrove, Tamandaré, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The population was analysed with regard to the following aspects, in particular: the size-class frequency distribution of carapace width (CW), mean body size (CW) of males and females, morphological sexual maturity, sex-ratio, reproductive period, and recruitment. Samples were collected monthly from April 2008 through to March 2009; the crabs were collected manually, with a capture effort by one person for 30 minutes, during low tide. The specimens obtained were measured for CW, length of the propodus of males, and abdomen width of females; and the sex and ovigerous condition were noted. Altogether, we obtained 511 specimens (132 juvenile and 137 adult males, and 171 juvenile and 71 adult females, of which 32 were ovigerous). The median CW of males (16.15 mm) was significantly larger than that of females (13.82 mm) (P < 0.05). The size at morphological sexual maturity was 15.73 mm in males and 16.71 mm in females. The sex-ratio for the total of specimens analysed was 1.11:1 (male:female) (P > 0.05). The sex-ratio by size-class showed an anomalous pattern, with a greater abundance of males in the larger size-classes. The reproductive period was continuous and the highest frequency of ovigerous females was recorded in the spring and summer. The major pulse of recruitment occurred during autumn and winter, which is related to greater reproductive activity during the warmer months of the year.

Observations on the reproduction and ecology of the Brush-tailed possum. Trichosurus Vulpecula Kerr (Marsupialia), in New Zealand.

1955 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Tyndale-Biscoe
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Urogenital Sinus ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Epiphyseal Union ◽  
Cyclic Changes

In all 366 adult possums and 139 pouch young were examined. Five samples were collected and a study of a live population was conducted. Data are presented on the relationships of weight, tibia1 ossification, and sexual maturity, which indicate that two age classes can be distinguished in the fully grown animals on the basis of epiphyseal union of the tibia. Correlations between body weight, testis length, and the presence of sperm are presented for 53 males. The reproductive condition of 209 females was examined and successive observations were made on another eight. It is considered that Trichosurus is dioestrous and monovular. Pregnancy lasts between 15 and 24 days and is sometimes followed by a post-partum ovulation. Cyclic changes in the uterus and the urogenital sinus are described. The urogenital sinus exhibits marked cornification at oestrus, similar to the vagina of eutherian mammals. Anoestrus in February is followed by increasing reproductive activity in March. By the beginning of May, 90 per cent. of the adult females are pregnant or post-partum and the offspring is carried in the pouch until August or September. Some females may produce a second offspring in October. Some observations on the movements of individuals are presented.

scholarly journals Warmer springs, laying date and clutch size of tree sparrows Passer montanus in Croatia

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Dolenec ◽  
P. Dolenec ◽  
A.P. Møller
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Passer Montanus ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Socially Monogamous ◽  
Extreme Change

Abstract Global surface air temperatures increased during the past 100 years. Many long-term studies of birds have reported a climatic influence on breeding performance. We analysed long-term changes in first laying date and clutch size for first clutches of sedentary, hole-nesting and socially monogamous tree sparrows Passer montanus during 1980–2009 in northwestern Croatia. Laying date advanced and spring temperature increased significantly during the study. Date of laying was significantly correlated with mean air spring temperature and advanced by 8.6 days during the 30 years period. Laying date was delayed in extremely cold, but not in extremely warm springs compared to years with normal temperatures. These results suggest that current climate change including extreme change does not have negative effects on timing of laying or clutch size. In contrast to laying date, clutch size did not vary systematically during the study period or with mean spring air temperature changes.

scholarly journals Observation of Hermann’s Tortoise (Testudo hermanni) C Lutching without the Presence of Males and Eggshell Mortality on a Large Tortoise Farm in Slovenia Over a Three-Year Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stvarnik Mateja ◽  
Lindtner-Knific Renata ◽  
Štokar Žan ◽  
Gregurić Gračner Gordana ◽  
Mićunović Jasna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Second Clutch

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the percentage of hatched and fertilized eggs in female Hermann’s tortoises before and after the removal of males after breeding.A breeding group of Testudo hermanni boettgeri with 50 females and 12 males was included in the study. In the first year, all adults were together in the same habitat until reproductive activity was observed. After the end of May, the males and females were separated for the next two active seasons. The number of eggs and number of second clutches decreased gradually. In the first year, 76.0% of females laid eggs; in the second year, 24.0%; and in the third year, only 8.0%. Second clutches were observed in ten females (26.3%) in the first year, while in the next two years, one female had a second clutch. There was a small but significant correlation between the weight of a single tortoise and the number of eggs laid but no significant correlation between the weight of the tortoise and its average egg weight. The weight (15.1-16.8 g), length (33.9-36.1 mm) and width of each egg (27.5-28.0 mm) was measured.During the laying season, the eggs were put into incubators. The incubation length varied from 52 to 70 days. After the end of incubation, eggshell mortality and its causes (19.3-52.5%) were examined. In the first year, the viability rate of the incubated eggs was 80.7%; in the second year, 80.5%; and in the third year, 47.8%. Among the unhatched eggs in the first year, 62.5% were unfertilized, 53.1% were infected, 28.1% were dehydrated and 21.9% were found in various stages of embryonic development.

scholarly journals Disruption of deiodinase type 2 in zebrafish disturbs male and female reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 241 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M Houbrechts ◽  
Jolien Van houcke ◽  
Veerle M Darras
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Offspring Production

Thyroid hormones are crucial mediators of many aspects of vertebrate life, including reproduction. The key player is the biologically active 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3), whose local bio-availability is strictly regulated by deiodinase enzymes. Deiodinase type 2 (Dio2) is present in many tissues and is the main enzyme for local T3 production. To unravel its role in different physiological processes, we generated a mutant zebrafish line, completely lacking Dio2 activity. Here we focus on the reproductive phenotype studied at the level of offspring production, gametogenesis, functioning of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and sex steroid production. Homozygous Dio2-deficient zebrafish were hypothyroid, displayed a delay in sexual maturity and the duration of their reproductive period was substantially shortened. Fecundity and fertilization were also severely reduced. Gamete counts pointed to a delay in oogenesis at onset of sexual maturity and later on to an accumulation of oocytes in mutant ovaries due to inhibition of ovulation. Analysis of spermatogenesis showed a strongly decreased number of spermatogonia A at onset of sexual maturity. Investigation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis revealed that dysregulation was largely confined to the gonads with significant upregulation of igf3, and a strong decrease in sex steroid production concomitant with alterations in gene expression in steroidogenesis/steroid signaling pathways. Rescue of the phenotype by T3 supplementation starting at 4 weeks resulted in normalization of reproductive activity in both sexes. The combined results show that reproductive function in mutants is severely hampered in both sexes, thereby linking the loss of Dio2 activity and the resulting hypothyroidism to reproductive dysfunction.

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