Banned and Branded: The Mesopotamian Background of Šamata

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yakir Paz
Keyword(s):  
Sasanian Empire ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Restricted Sense ◽  
Divine Violence ◽  
Semantic Value

Abstract The verb √šmt and noun šamata, attested in the dialects of Eastern Aramaic in the Sasanian period, would seem at first to be synonymous with the Palestinian term nidui, ‘excommunication’. However, a closer examination reveals that šamata has a different semantic value. It is not simply conceived as a social sanction of excommunication but is understood as a curse involving divine violence; is closely associated with binding; and is often perceived as the property of powerful agents. In this article I argue that √šmt is derived from the Akkadian šamātu, ‘to mark’, ‘to brand’, especially in its more restricted sense ‘to brand temple slaves’ and ‘to dedicate a person to a deity’. Understanding the Mesopotamian roots of šamata might help us better explain its unique regional features, shared by the Aramaic speaking groups in the Sasanian Empire.

REGIONAL FEATURES OF LITHOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE CENTER OF THE RUSSIAN PLAIN

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
N. G. Sudakova ◽  
S. I. Antonov ◽  
A. I. Vvedenskaya ◽  
V. A. Kostomakha
Keyword(s):  
Russian Plain ◽  
Regional Features

Regional Features of the Ratio of Wages and Deposits of the Population

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
V. V. Gamukin Gamukin ◽  
O. S. Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Regional Features

Indicators of permanent teeth eruption in children of Tashkent city and comparative assessment with the data of peers of different Russian cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
R. T. Kamilova ◽  
J. A. Kamilov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Relevance. Characteristics of eruption of secondary teeth is of diagnostic and prognostic interest, is the basis for implementation of targeted therapeutic and preventive measures among children. No research has ever been carried out in Uzbekistan to study an age and gender regional features of secondary teeth eruption. The aim is to determine the timing and symmetry of secondary teeth eruption in children of the city of Tashkent of the Republic of Uzbekistan and comparative assessment with the children of different cities of Russia.Materials and methods. 3,834 children between 3 and 17 years were conducted dental examination. A comparative analysis was made of the initial, intermediate and final periods of eruption of secondary teeth for children of Uzbekistan (Tashkent city) and Russia (Saratov, Izhevsk and Sergach).Results. In Tashkent children of both gender, in most cases, lower teeth were erupted before than their antagonists. In girls, teeth were erupted earlier than their male counterparts. At the initial stage of eruption, asymmetry was more pronounced in boys than in girls, while in the middle and final stages it was more pronounced in the opposite direction. Observed asymmetry of antimere’s teeth were indicated left-handed permanent dentition in boys and right-handed in girls. Children of Tashkent city were observed permanent dentition in one group of teeth 1-16 months earlier, and in others – 1-24 months later than their peers in Russian cities. Revealed differences were more pronounced among boys than among girls. Children in Tashkent differed more from their peers in Sergach and less from those in Izhevsk. Conclusions. Regional peculiarities of permanent dentition in children of Tashkent city and revealed expressed differences with indicators of Russian children are the basis for development of separate age and  gender normative assessment permanent dentition tables for children of Uzbekistan. 

PRINCIPLES OF FORMING OBJECTS OF ETHNOGRAPHIC TOURISM WITH REGIONAL FEATURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Elena Ladik ◽  
A. Makridina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Stylistic Unity ◽  
National Experience

The problems of planning the organization of territories and objects of ethnographic tourism, taking into account the landscape features of the regions of the Russian Federation, in particular the Belgorod region, are relevant. The study developed regional principles for planning ethno-tourist spaces on the example of the Belgorod region. The object of research is the territories favorable for the development of ethnographic tourism objects within the Belgorod region, the subject of research is the influence of regional historical and cultural features on the formation of ethnographic tourism territories. As a result of the study, based on the analysis of world and national experience in the design of ethnographic tourism objects, their typological and historical-cultural analysis, the principles of organizing ethnographic tourism objects were developed. These principles take into account such regional features of the cultural landscapes of the Belgorod region, as the principle of preservation of the cultural landscape, the principle of authenticity of the recreated environment, the principle of symbolic exposure, the principle of stylistic unity and the multi-level principle. The use of the developed principles will allow us to preserve the identity and originality of the environment, reduce anthropogenic pressures on valuable landscape areas, increase information content and determine the gradual immersion in the concept of a tourist site.

Methods of Communicative Intention Explication of the Phraseological Unit with Biblical Expression «Forbidden Fruit» (Diachronic Section)

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Olga Lomakina ◽  
Oksana Shkuran
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Communicative Intention ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
Media Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Semantic Value ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
Good And Evil

The article analyzes methods of explication of the traditional and widely used stable biblical expression «forbidden fruit». The study is based on a diachronic section – from the interpretation of the biblical text to the communicative intention of dialogue participants in the media space illustrating nuclear and peripheral meanings. The analysis includes biblical texts that realize the archetypal meaning of the biblical expression «forbidden fruit» in which it is called the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The secularized interest in the kind of tree, on which forbidden fruits grew, is motivated by a realistic presentation of a sad history of the first people’s fall in the Book of Genesis. Scientific hypotheses have their origins since the Middle Ages, when artists recreated the author’s story of eating the forbidden fruit. For religion, the variety of the fruit is not of fundamental importance, however, visualization in the works of art has become an incentive for the further use of the biblical expression with a new semantic segment. Modern media texts actively represent the transformation of the biblical expression«forbidden fruit» for different purposes: in advertising texts for pragmatic one, in informative, educational, ideological texts for cognitive one, in entertaining textsfor communicative one, lowering the spiritual and semantic value register of the modern language. Therefore, the process of desemantization and profanization of the biblical expression results in the destruction of national stereotypes in Russian people’s worldview.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ РЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ АЛЛЕРГИИ НА ЮГЕ РОССИИ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Sh. Macharadze
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Respiratory Allergy ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Southern Russia

В обзорной статье приведены данные по распространенности респираторной аллергии - аллергического ринита и бронхиальной астмы на юге России, опубликованные за последние десятилетия. Показана доминирующая роль пыльцевой аллергии практически во всем южном регионе России. В Чеченской Республике у больных респираторной аллергией обнаружена сходная частота встречаемости сенсибилизации к клещам домашней пыли и пыльце злаковых трав (51,1 и 52,5 соответственно), тогда как сенсибилизация к пыльце амброзии и полыни встречалась в 3 раза реже (26,6 и 20,7 соответственно) по сравнению с соседними регионами юга России. Эти данные демонстрируют климатогеографические, экологические и другие региональные особенности в распространении респираторной аллергии.The review article presents data on the prevalence of respiratory allergy - allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in southern Russia, published over the past decades. The dominant role of pollen allergy is shown in almost the entire southern region of Russia. In the Chechen Republic, sensitization to house dust mites and grass pollen was found in patients with respiratory allergy equally (51.1 and 52.5, respectively), whereas ragweed and mugwort sensitization was 3 times less (26.6 and 20.7, respectively) compared with the neighboring regions of southern Russia. These data demonstrate climate-geographical, environmental and other regional features in the prevalence of respiratory allergies.

ANALYSIS OF THE SCO NATIONAL PAYMENT SYSTEMS AND PROPOSALS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF THE SETTLEMENTS IN SCO

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
L. N. KRASAVINA ◽  
◽  
L. I. KHOMYAKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
External Factor ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Shanghai Cooperation Organization ◽  
Regional Features

The article discusses the features of the functioning of national payment systems of the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The specifics of the payment systems of the SCO countries are revealed, the emphasis is placed on their regional features. The role of central banks in ensuring the stable and safe functioning of national payment systems is highlighted. The importance of the supervisory function of central banks in order to control the payment system operators of the SCO countries is emphasized. Forecasts of the development of remote and digital technologies in the payment sector are given taking into account the influence of a new external factor (pandemic).

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