Molecular phylogeny of the Taeniapterini (Diptera: Micropezidae) using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, with a reclassification of the genus Taeniaptera Macquart

DNA molecular data are used to generate a phylogeny for the micropezid subfamily Taeniapterinae. Thirty-two taeniapterine species were sampled, including 10 of the 20 New World genera recognized by Steyskal, as well as one genus formerly treated as a synonym of Poecilotylus Hennig (Hemichaeta Steyskal). Five species from the Micropezinae were included as outgroups. A total DNA dataset of 4705 bp, including mitochondrial genes (12S and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)) and nuclear coding genes (wingless and CAD), was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The genus Taeniaptera Macquart was found to be non-monophyletic with respect to the remainder of the Taeniapterini analysed here. Taeniaptera is restricted to the Taeniaptera trivittata Macquart species group, Mitromyia Cresson is resurrected to contain the Taeniaptera grata (Wulp) species group, and Paragrallomyia Hendel is resurrected to contain most species previously considered Taeniaptera. Poecilotylus is recognized as a paraphyletic group awaiting further research.

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The phylogenetic relationships of Paramesotriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) based on partial mitochondrial DNA gene sequences

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3150.1.3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3150 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

XIAOMING GU ◽

HUI WANG ◽

RONGRONG CHEN ◽

YINGZHOU TIAN ◽

SONG LI

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Bayesian Inference ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Sister Group ◽

Species Group ◽

Close Phylogenetic Relationship

We examined phylogenetic relationships among newst of the genus Paramesotriton using partial mitochondrial gene se-quences, including the ND2-tRNATyr region (1415 bp) and the 12S rDNA-tRNAVal -16S rDNA region (1774 bp), from 42individuals of 10 recognized Paramesotriton species and outgroups by Bayesian inference (BI), Maximum likelihood(ML) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) methods. We found that, (1) Laotriton laoensis is the sister group of Paramesotri-ton, (2) the genus Paramesotriton is monophyletic, composed of either the P. caudopunctatus species group and the P.chinensis species group, or the subgenera Allomesotriton and Paramesotriton (3) P. longliensis and P. zhijinensis shouldbe placed in the P. caudopunctatus species group or subgenus Allomesotriton; (4) P. fuzhongensis is not a junior synonym of P. chinensis, and there is a close phylogenetic relationship between P. fuzhongensis and P. guangxiensis.

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Molecular phylogeny of the spoonbills (Aves: Threskiornithidae) based on mitochondrial DNA

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2603.1.2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2603 (1) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. TERRY CHESSER ◽

CAROL K. L. YEUNG ◽

CHENG-TE YAO ◽

XIU-HUA TIAN ◽

SHOU-HSIEN LI

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Strong Support ◽

Sister Group ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

Limited Sampling

Spoonbills (genus Platalea) are a small group of wading birds, generally considered to constitute the subfamily Plataleinae (Aves: Threskiornithidae). We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among the six species of spoonbills using variation in sequences of the mitochondrial genes ND2 and cytochrome b (total 1796 bp). Topologies of phylogenetic trees reconstructed using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian analyses were virtually identical and supported monophyly of the spoonbills. Most relationships within Platalea received strong support: P. minor and P. regia were closely related sister species, P. leucorodia was sister to the minor-regia clade, and P. alba was sister to the minor-regia-leucorodia clade. Relationships of P. flavipes and P. ajaja were less well resolved: these species either formed a clade that was sister to the four-species clade, or were successive sisters to this clade. This phylogeny is consistent with ideas of relatedness derived from spoonbill morphology. Our limited sampling of the Threskiornithinae (ibises), the putative sister group to the spoonbills, indicated that this group is paraphyletic, in agreement with previous molecular data; this suggests that separation of the Threskiornithidae into subfamilies Plataleinae and Threskiornithinae may not be warranted.

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Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Prostanthera (Lamiaceae)

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb12006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 341 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Trevor C. Wilson ◽

Barry J. Conn ◽

Murray J. Henwood

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Inference ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Sister Relationship ◽

Definition Of ◽

Inference Methods

Prostanthera is the largest genus of Lamiaceae in Australia and was last comprehensively revised in 1870. To test the classification, and the homology of the morphological characters on which it is based, we analysed nuclear (ETS) and chloroplast (trnT–F and ndhF–rpl32) sequence data for 71 species of Westringieae (Lamiaceae) in separate and combined datasets by using maximum-parsimony and Bayesian-inference methods. Results supported the monophyly of the Westringieae, but indicated that Prostanthera is paraphyletic with respect to Wrixonia, requiring the latter to be synonymised with the former. Although combinations of datasets provided some degree of infrageneric resolution within Prostanthera sensu lato, none of its sections or series could be recovered unambiguously. Prostanthera section Prostanthera and P. section Klanderia (regarded as entomophilous and ornithophilous, respectively) did not form a sister relationship, and neither could be unequivocally resolved as monophyletic. However, all species of P. section Klanderia nested within P. section Prostanthera raising the possibility that P. section Prostanthera is paraphyletic. Similarly, the phylogeny of Prostanthera based on molecular data could not be reconciled with the morphological definition of the traditionally recognised series. We recommend abandoning Bentham’s series as a means of organising morphological variation within the genus, but acknowledge that it is premature to discard Bentham’s sections. The evolutionary and systematic implications of the lack of congruence between our molecular phylogeny and morphologically defined subgeneric taxa are discussed.

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Mitochondrial DNA Phylogeny of Babblers (Timaliidae)

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/120.1.35 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 35-54

Author(s):

Alice Cibois

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Dna Phylogeny ◽

Traditional Classification ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses

Abstract The systematics of the babblers (Timaliidae) and related members of the Old World insectivorous passerines have been particularly difficult. To clarify our understanding of this group, phylogenetic relationships were constructed using sequences of three mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b, rRNA 12S and 16S). The results indicated that several species traditionally placed among babblers, the shrike babblers (Pteruthius) and the Gray-chested Thrush Babbler (Kakamega poliothorax), are not related to the Timaliidae, but belong to other passerine groups. Furthermore, the phylogenetic hypotheses inferred from molecular data suggest that the babblers assemblage includes two other oscine taxa traditionally considered to be distantly related, Sylvia (Sylviidae) and Zosterops (Zosteropidae). The polyphyly of several babbler genera is discussed, with particular attention to the laughingthrushes (genera Garrulax and Babax) for which the phylogeny is compared to previous hypotheses of relationships. Results from different tests under the maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood criteria indicate the rejection of the hypothesis of monophyly for the laughingthrushes group. Thus, the molecular phylogeny challenges the traditional classification of the Timaliidae.

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Molecular phylogeny of the weevil genus Kyklioacalles Stüben, with descriptions of a new subgenus Glaberacalles and two new species (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2662.1.2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2662 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PETER E. STÜBEN ◽

JONAS J. ASTRIN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Bayesian Analysis ◽

Morphological Differentiation ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

New Subgenus ◽

Western Palearctic ◽

Two New Species

A molecular phylogeny of the western Palearctic weevil genus Kyklioacalles Stüben, 1999 is presented, combining two mitochondrial genes (CO1 and 16S) in a Bayesian analysis. Based on molecular data, the validity of the subspecies Kyklioacalles punctaticollis punctaticollis (Lucas, 1849) and Kyklioacalles punctaticollis meteoricus (Meyer, 1909) is discussed and the morphological differentiation of the endophalli and known distributions of both subspecies are verified. Glaberacalles subg. n. (formerly Kyklioacalles punctaticollis-group) and two new species are described, Kyklioacalles atlasicus sp.n. from Morocco and Kyklioacalles plantapilosus sp.n. from Spain. Kyklioacalles berberi (Stüben, 2005), comb. n. and Kyklioacalles olcesei (Tournier, 1873) comb. n. are transferred from Acalles Schoenherr. The molecular results further advocate a transfer of Onyxacalles pyrenaeus (Boheman, 1844) to Kyklioacalles; however this is not supported by morphological evidence. Kyklioacalles almadensis Stüben, 2004 syn. n. (Spain) is synonymized with Kyklioacalles bupleuri Stüben, 2004 (Tunisia). A catalogue of all 40 (sub-)species of Kyklioacalles is given and a key of the species of the subgenus Glaberacalles is presented.

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Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in interspecific crosses of Piceaglauca and Piceaomorika

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x26-048 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 428-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrew J. David ◽

Daniel E. Keathley

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Maternal Inheritance ◽

White Spruce ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Length Polymorphisms ◽

Dna Restriction ◽

Total Dna ◽

Serbian Spruce

Fifteen interspecific hybrids of Serbian spruce (Piceaomorika (Panc) Purkyne) and white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) representing five separate crosses, including reciprocals, were used to demonstrate maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. Total DNA was extracted from foliage samples of Serbian spruce (S), white spruce (W), and both S(♂) × W(♀) and W(♂) × S(♀) hybrids, digested and probed with one of two maize mitochondrial genes, ATPaseα or COXII. ATPaseα generated diagnostic Serbian and white spruce genotypes for all five enzymes tested, while COXII differentiated between the two species for four of five enzymes. Maternal inheritance was indicated in all hybrids for every diagnostic enzyme–probe combination. No paternal or nonparental bands were detected. A dilution experiment indicated that the Serbian and white spruce mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms could be detected in as little as 60 and 500 ng of total DNA, respectively. It appears that the mechanism that controls the inheritance of mitochondria in Picea is still functional in wide interspecific crosses.

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A new ovoviviparous rat snake species of the genus Elaphe (Squamata: Colubridae) from western Sichuan, China

10.3897/arphapreprints.e77314 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

JiaJun Wang ◽

YaYong Wu ◽

Qin Liu ◽

Guocheng Shu ◽

Peng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

New Species ◽

Body Size ◽

Bayesian Inference ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

New Taxon ◽

Western Sichuan ◽

Rat Snake ◽

A New Species

The genus Elaphe is a highly diverse snake group with wide distribution in Eurasia. Here, based on morphological comparisons and molecular data, we describe a new species of this genus from western Sichuan, China. Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses of two mitochondrial DNA fragments (CO1 and 12S) showed that the new taxon differs from its congeners (CO1-based p-distance ≥ 4.1%). Morphologically and ecologically, the new species can be diagnosed from other species by a combination of the following characters: 1) medium body size, < 780 mm in total length; 2) midbody dorsal scales in 23 rows generally, not keeled; 3) ventrals 169–180 and subcaudal pairs 56–63; 4) first preocular docked with frontal; 5) internasal scales approximately trapezoidal; 6) length of gap between internasals more than 3/5 that between prefrontal; 7) length of tip of snout to frontal slightly larger than length of frontal; 8) ovoviviparous. Currently, the new species is known only from the Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces in China. This new species brings the total number of species in the genus Elaphe to 18.

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Two new species of snail-eating snakes of the genus Tropidodipsas (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) from southern Mexico, with notes on related species

Herpetozoa ◽

10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e69176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 233-257

Author(s):

Christoph I. Grünwald ◽

Sarahi Toribio-Jiménez ◽

Carlos Montaño-Ruvalcaba ◽

Hector Franz-Chávez ◽

Miguel A. Peñaloza-Montaño ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Species Group ◽

Conservation Priorities ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Two New Species ◽

Taxonomic Changes ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Mexican Species

We describe two new species of Tropidodipsas related to the T. fasciata species group as defined by Kofron (1987), and provide morphological and molecular data to support the novelty of both species. A partial molecular phylogeny of the Mexican species of snail-eating snakes (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) is presented, and we discuss evolutionary relationships as supported by our molecular results. We analyze specific relationships of the new species described herein with their closest relatives. We present a distribution map for all species of Tropidodipsas and include photographs of living individuals of each species. Finally, we discuss other taxonomic changes based on our molecular phylogeny as well as conservation priorities of the new species.

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Five Independent Lineages Revealed by Integrative Taxonomy in the Dendropsophus nanus–Dendropsophus walfordi Species Complex

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d13110522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 522

Author(s):

Karin Seger ◽

Bernardo da Veiga Teixeira ◽

Fabiane Annibale ◽

Denise de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres ◽

Albertina Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Species Complex ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Species Group ◽

Mitochondrial Genes ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

The Many

One of the many taxonomic challenges found in the Dendropsophus microcephalus species group is the Dendropsophus walfordi distinction from D. nanus. Recent phylogenetic inferences have indicated the paraphyly of these species, although they were not designed to assess this issue. To contribute to the delimitation of these species, we analyzed the 12S, 16S and COI mitochondrial genes, the morphological traits, and the advertisement calls of specimens from northern Amazonia to Argentina, including the type localities of D. nanus and D. walfordi. Paraphyly of D. nanus with respect to D. walfordi was inferred by maximum-parsimony and Bayesian analyses, and five major clades exhibiting nonoverlapping geographic distributions were recognized. The bPTP and ABGD analyses supported the existence of five independently evolving lineages in this complex. Acoustic and morphological data clearly distinguished the clade that included the topotypes of D. walfordi from the others, corroborating the validity of this species. To avoid the paraphyly of D. nanus with respect to D. walfordi, we recognize the clade distributed from central-southern Brazil to Argentina as D. nanus, the clade distributed in Amazonia as D. walfordi, and discuss the existence of unnamed cryptic species closely related to D. nanus and D. walfordi.

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The New World ant parasitoid genus Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4888.1.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4888 (1) ◽

pp. 1-84

Author(s):

AUSTIN J. BAKER ◽

JOHN M. HERATY

Keyword(s):

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Life Histories ◽

New World ◽

Treated Group ◽

Species Group ◽

Species Concepts ◽

Species Groups

A key is provided to 16 recognized species groups, plus several species not assigned to species group, of Orasema Cameron (Eucharitidae), a widespread New World genus of myrmicine ant (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) parasitoids ranging from northern Argentina to southern Canada. Eight of the species groups are revised, of which five are newly established; keys are given to the species of each treated group, 22 species are newly described, and detailed life histories of several well-documented species are discussed. Revised are the Orasema coloradensis group (four species: O. coloradensis Wheeler, O. iridescens n. sp., O. scaura n. sp., and O. violacea Ashmead), the Orasema bakeri group (six species: O. bablyi n. sp., O. bakeri Gahan, O. dubitata n. sp., O. polymyrmex n. sp., O. taii Chien & Heraty, and O. texana Gahan), the Orasema tolteca group (two species: O. castilloae n. sp. and O. tolteca Mann), the Orasema sixaolae group (newly established, with four species: O. brachycephala n. sp., O. nebula n. sp., O. sixaolae Wheeler & Wheeler, and O. tinalandia n. sp.), the Orasema acuminata group (newly established, with two species: O. acuminata n. sp. and O. cerulea n. sp.), the Orasema peraltai group (newly established, with two species: O. chrysozona n. sp. and O. peraltai n. sp.), the Orasema johnsoni group (newly established, with two species: O. johnsoni n. sp. and O. spyrogaster n. sp.), and the Orasema heacoxi group (newly established, with two species: O. heacoxi n. sp. and O. masonicki n. sp.). Newly described or treated species not placed to species group are O. brasiliensis (Bréthes), O. cirrhocnemis n. sp., O. monstrosa n. sp., O. mutata n. sp., O. psarops n. sp., and O. roppai n. sp. Species concepts and relationships are based on morphology and a recently published molecular phylogeny.

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