The New World ant parasitoid genus Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4888 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-84
Author(s):  
AUSTIN J. BAKER ◽  
JOHN M. HERATY
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
New World ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Species Concepts ◽  
Species Groups

A key is provided to 16 recognized species groups, plus several species not assigned to species group, of Orasema Cameron (Eucharitidae), a widespread New World genus of myrmicine ant (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) parasitoids ranging from northern Argentina to southern Canada. Eight of the species groups are revised, of which five are newly established; keys are given to the species of each treated group, 22 species are newly described, and detailed life histories of several well-documented species are discussed. Revised are the Orasema coloradensis group (four species: O. coloradensis Wheeler, O. iridescens n. sp., O. scaura n. sp., and O. violacea Ashmead), the Orasema bakeri group (six species: O. bablyi n. sp., O. bakeri Gahan, O. dubitata n. sp., O. polymyrmex n. sp., O. taii Chien & Heraty, and O. texana Gahan), the Orasema tolteca group (two species: O. castilloae n. sp. and O. tolteca Mann), the Orasema sixaolae group (newly established, with four species: O. brachycephala n. sp., O. nebula n. sp., O. sixaolae Wheeler & Wheeler, and O. tinalandia n. sp.), the Orasema acuminata group (newly established, with two species: O. acuminata n. sp. and O. cerulea n. sp.), the Orasema peraltai group (newly established, with two species: O. chrysozona n. sp. and O. peraltai n. sp.), the Orasema johnsoni group (newly established, with two species: O. johnsoni n. sp. and O. spyrogaster n. sp.), and the Orasema heacoxi group (newly established, with two species: O. heacoxi n. sp. and O. masonicki n. sp.). Newly described or treated species not placed to species group are O. brasiliensis (Bréthes), O. cirrhocnemis n. sp., O. monstrosa n. sp., O. mutata n. sp., O. psarops n. sp., and O. roppai n. sp. Species concepts and relationships are based on morphology and a recently published molecular phylogeny. 

scholarly journals Molecular phylogeny of the Taeniapterini (Diptera: Micropezidae) using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, with a reclassification of the genus Taeniaptera Macquart

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan D. Jackson ◽  
Stephen A. Marshall ◽  
Jeffrey H. Skevington
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
New World ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Total Dna

DNA molecular data are used to generate a phylogeny for the micropezid subfamily Taeniapterinae. Thirty-two taeniapterine species were sampled, including 10 of the 20 New World genera recognized by Steyskal, as well as one genus formerly treated as a synonym of Poecilotylus Hennig (Hemichaeta Steyskal). Five species from the Micropezinae were included as outgroups. A total DNA dataset of 4705 bp, including mitochondrial genes (12S and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)) and nuclear coding genes (wingless and CAD), was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The genus Taeniaptera Macquart was found to be non-monophyletic with respect to the remainder of the Taeniapterini analysed here. Taeniaptera is restricted to the Taeniaptera trivittata Macquart species group, Mitromyia Cresson is resurrected to contain the Taeniaptera grata (Wulp) species group, and Paragrallomyia Hendel is resurrected to contain most species previously considered Taeniaptera. Poecilotylus is recognized as a paraphyletic group awaiting further research.

New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): Molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1737 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BLAIR HEDGES ◽  
WILLIAM E. DUELLMAN ◽  
MATTHEW P. HEINICKE
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New World ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Species Groups

New World frogs recently placed in a single, enormous family (Brachycephalidae) have direct development and reproduce on land, often far away from water. DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes of 344 species were analyzed to estimate their relationships. The molecular phylogeny in turn was used as the basis for a revised classification of the group. The 882 described species are placed in a new taxon, Terrarana, and allocated to four families, four subfamilies, 24 genera, 11 subgenera, 33 species series, 56 species groups, and 11 species subgroups. Systematic accounts are provided for all taxa above the species level. Two families (Craugastoridae and Strabomantidae), three subfamilies (Holoadeninae, Phyzelaphryninae, and Strabomantinae), six genera (Bryophryne, Diasporus, Haddadus, Isodactylus, Lynchius, and Psychrophrynella), and two subgenera (Campbellius and Schwartzius) are proposed and named as new taxa, 13 subspecies are considered to be distinct species, and 613 new combinations are formed. Most of the 100 informal groups (species series, species groups, and species subgroups) are new or newly defined. Brachycephalus and Ischnocnema are placed in Brachycephalidae, a relatively small clade restricted primarily to southeastern Brazil. Eleutherodactylidae includes two subfamilies, four genera, and five subgenera and is centered in the Caribbean region. Craugastoridae contains two genera and three subgenera and is distributed mainly in Middle America. Strabomantidae is distributed primarily in the Andes of northwestern South America and includes two subfamilies, 16 genera, and three subgenera. Images and distribution maps are presented for taxa above the species level and a complete list of species is provided. Aspects of the evolution, biogeography, and conservation of Terrarana are discussed.

NEOTROPICAL PANDELETEIUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) WITH IRREGULAR ELYTRAL STRIAE

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne T. Howden
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
New World ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
South American ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
New Synonymy

AbstractSeven species-groups comprising 20 species in the New World genus Pandeleteius are described or redescribed; they are recognized by their irregular elytral striae and their well-developed stylus on the coxite of the female genitalia. The species-groups and their composition are as follows: P. biseriatus species-group—P. biseriatus (Kirsch), P. confinis sp.nov., P. subtilis sp.nov., P. thomasi sp.nov.; P. pollinosus species-group—P. pollinosus sp.nov., P. mesosternalis sp.nov.; P. porosus species-group—P. porosus (Boheman) (P. aspericollis Hustache, new synonymy), P. spinipennis sp.nov., P. scorpioides sp.nov., P. semiconnatus sp.nov., P. connatus sp.nov., P. torosus sp.nov.; P. upsilon species-group—P. upsilon Howden, P. penai sp.nov., P. baccatus sp.nov., P. cornelli sp.nov., P. smithsoni sp.nov.; P. assimilis Voss (monobasic species-group); P. colatus sp.nov. (monobasic species-group); and P. latirostris (Hustache) (monobasic species-group).Lectotypes are designated for Menetypus aspericollis Hustache and Pandeleteius assimilis Voss.All species are South American except P. thomasi, which is Mesoamerican.Host plants are unknown but adults of five species are recorded as feeding on leaves of various Caesalpinaceae and Mimosaceae.

scholarly journals A partial molecular phylogeny of Rhadinaea and related genera (Squamata, Dipsadidae) with comments on the generic assignment of Rhadinaea eduardoi

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 943 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Ricardo Palacios-Aguilar ◽  
Uri Omar García-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New World ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Right

The genus Rhadinaea is a diverse clade of New World dipsadid snakes, with 22 species arranged in six recognized species groups. The most recently described species, Rhadinaea eduardoi, was described based on a unique specimen collected in the Santa Catarina Juquila municipality in the Sierra Madre del Sur of southern Oaxaca, Mexico. Here, based on a reexamination of the holotype and the results of a phylogenetic analysis of the holotype of Rhadinaea eduardoi and representatives of several genera closely related to Rhadinaea, we reassessed the generic assignment of Rhadinaea eduardoi. In our phylogenetic hypothesis, R. eduardoi was nested within a strongly supported clade of Coniophanes fissidens samples, thus making Rhadinaea paraphyletic with respect to Coniophanes. Additionally, our reexamination of the holotype of Rhadinaea eduardoi revealed that the alleged presence of a subpreocular scale is only true on the right side of the head, and that this scale appears to be a malformed preocular scale; also, a reduction in dorsal scale rows is present; and posterior enlarged maxillary teeth are grooved. Herein we consider that Rhadinaea eduardoi should be placed in the synonymy of Coniophanes fissidens. Consequently, we recognized only five species groups within the genus Rhadinaea.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and phylogeny of New World Polyplectropus Ulmer, 1905 (Trichoptera: Psychomyioidea: Polycentropodidae) with the description of 39 new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2582 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA LOURDES CHAMORRO ◽  
RALPH W. HOLZENTHAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
New World ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Biogeographic Region ◽  
Parsimony Tree ◽  
Group A ◽  
Species Groups

The taxonomy of the New World species of Polyplectropus (Ulmer, 1905a) is revised to include detailed male and female diagnoses, descriptions, illustrations, distribution records, and keys to males of all species and species groups. A phylogenetic analysis based on 59 morphological characters, 89 of 92 (97%) New World Polyplectropus species, and 2 outgroup taxa was inferred using parsimony and Bayesian methods, which resulted in minor topological differences. Conflicting estimates of relationship among and within most species groups led to a less resolved Bayesian tree (vs. parsimony tree) due to high variation in rates of change among characters and an overall low number of characters. A new classification for New World Polyplectropus is proposed with revised characterization of 10 recognized species groups, 6 newly established. Four species remain unassigned to species group. A key to genera of New World Polycentropodidae, including a redescription of Polyplectropus is provided. The homology of the male genitalia of Polyplectropus is discussed. Ninety-two species are treated. The following 39 new species are described: Polyplectropus adamsae (Peru), P. alatespinus (Brazil), P. amazonicus (Brazil), P. andinensis (Argentina, Bolivia), P. blahniki (Venezuela), P. bolivianus (Bolivia), P. brasilensis (Brazil), P. brborichorum (Ecuador), P. cressae (Venezuela), P. colombianus (Colombia), P. corniculatus (Peru), P. cuzcoensis (Peru), P. ecuadoriensis (Ecuador), P. flintorum (Venezuela), P. gaesum (Brazil), P. guyanae (Guyana, Venezuela), P. hollyae (Brazil), P. hystricosus (Brazil), P. insularis (Panama), P. juliae (Brazil), P. kanukarum (Guyana), P. maculatus (Venezuela), P. manuensis (Peru), P. matatlanticus (Brazil), P. minensium (Brazil), P. novafriburgensis (Brazil), P. peruvianus (Peru), P. petrae (Brazil), P. pratherae (Brazil), P. puyoensis (Ecuador), P. robertsonae (Bolivia), P. rodmani (Brazil), P. rondoniensis (Brazil), P. tragularius (Brazil), P. tripunctatum (Peru), P. venezolanus (Venezuela), P. woldai (Panama), P. zamoranoensis (Honduras), and P. zuliae (Venezuela). Polyplectropus buchwaldi (Ulmer, 1911) is designated as a nomen dubium.Key words: phylogeny, taxonomy, Neotropics, Nearctric, Bayesian methods, parsimony, classification, cladistics, morphology, Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae, Polyplectropus, new speciesThe polycentropodid caddisfly genus Polyplectropus Ulmer contains 219 species found primarily in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with 125 species recorded from the Oriental biogeographic region, 53 from the Neotropical region (6 species extending their ranges into the Nearctic region), 37 from the

Taxonomic revision of New World species of the genus Oosternum Sharp (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae) I. Definition of species groups and revision of the Oosternum aequinoctiale group

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2054 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN FIKÁČEK ◽  
FRANZ HEBAUER ◽  
MICHAEL HANSEN
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
World Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Definition Of

The genus Oosternum Sharp, 1882 is divided into ten species groups based on external adult characters. An identification key to the species groups and a table of diagnostic characters as well as many charater state illustrations for each group are provided. Representatives of the newly defined O. aequinoctiale species group are revised. Six species of this group are recognized, all occurring in the Neotropical region: Oosternum acutheca sp.n. (Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua), O. aequinoctiale (Motschulsky, 1855) (Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Venezuela), O. attenuatum sp. n. (Panama, Colombia, Ecuador), O. gibbicolle sp. n. (Ecuador, Panama), O. holosericeum sp. n. (Argentina), and O. latum sp. n. (Lesser Antilles: St. Vincent Island). A key to the species and drawings or SEM photographs of diagnostic characters are provided.

scholarly journals Review of the New World Notomicrus Sharp (Coleoptera, Noteridae) I: Circumscription of species groups and review of the josiahi group with description of a new species from Brazil

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1025 ◽  
pp. 177-201
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Baca ◽  
Andrew Edward Z. Short
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
World Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Aquatic Beetle ◽  
A New Species

The New World species of the minute aquatic beetle genus Notomicrus Sharp compose a much greater diversity than their Old World congeners, with 14 of the 17 known Notomicrus species occurring in the Neotropics. A recent phylogenetic study recovered four primary New World species groups and found that there are a number of undescribed species across all of these main lineages. Here, we provide a taxonomic key to these New World species groups, including two described species that we currently do not place in any group (“incertae sedis” species), complete with images and illustrations of diagnostic characters and taxonomic notes including a list of known species in each group. This work provides a scaffold for further planned taxonomic revisions within the genus. In addition, we review the first of the four New World groups, the josiahi species group and describe one new taxon, N. interstinctussp. nov. from northern Brazil. Provided are descriptions, habitus images and illustrations of diagnostic characters.

A new Mexican species of Onthophagus Latreille (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with a revised key to the species of the O. dicranius species complex

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4695 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARDO DELGADO ◽  
EDER F. MORA-AGUILAR
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
New World ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Species List ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
The Status ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Mexican Species ◽  
A New Species

New World species of the genus Onthophagus Latreille (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) have been classified in different ways, all of them without a phylogenetic framework. For instance, Boucomont (1932) separated them in 13 groups of species, but Zunino & Halffter (1988; 1997) only recognize five species groups. Howden & Gill (1993) add the O. dicranius Bates and O. mirabilis Bates species groups, and Kohlmann & Solís (2001) added the O. gazellinus Bates species group. Also, over the years, groups, complexes, and sets of species have been defined using different criteria not even comparable each other. Two of these groupings are the O. dicranius and O. mirabilis species groups, which were firstly separated from the O. clypeatus Blanchard species group (sensu Zunino & Halffter 1981, 1997) by Howden & Gill (1993). After, Kohlmann & Solís (2001) later merged both groups under the O. dicranius species group. Finally, Génier (2017) gives a conceptual framework for species groups and complexes, thus assigning the status of species complex to the two previous species groups, and integrating them in the O. dicranius species group. Herein, we describe a new species of the O. dicranius species complex, update the species list of this complex, and present a revised key to separate these species. 

Review of species of the genus Cercyon of Russia and adjacent regions. VI. Subgenus Cercyon, the C.shinanensis group (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Ryndevich ◽  
H. Hoshina ◽  
A.A. Prokin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Kunashir Island ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Russian Far East

The Cercyon shinanensis species group with two included species is erected within the nominotypical subgenus of Cercyon Leach, 1817. This group is compared with other Palaearctic species groups of Cercyon s. str. The little-known C. shinanensis Nakane, 1965 from Japan (Honshu) is redescribed and its diagnostic features are given. Cercyon sundukovi sp. nov. is described from the Russian Far East (Kunashir Island).

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