Wall Sculpturing in Vessel Elements of Juglans Species of the United States

IAWA Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Young Geun Eom ◽  
Ohkyung Kwon ◽  
Robert B. Hanna ◽  
Robert W. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Scanning Electron

Wall sculpturing in the vessel elements of some Juglans species of the United States, four black walnuts (J. major, J. nigra, J. microcarpa (= J. rupestris), and J. californica) and one butternut (J. cinerea), was investigated through light and scanning electron microscopy. This feature showed various forms such as helical and reticulate thickenings, and thickening-like structures formed by coalescent pit apertures and large vessel to ray pits. Light to prominent wall sculpturing occurred regularly in black walnuts but fine and indistinctive wall sculpturing was observed rarely in butternut. Thus, vessel wall sculpturing was of some diagnostic value for separating black walnut from butternut.

Ultrastructure Of Conidium And Disjunctor Development In The Plant Pathogenic Fungus Monilinia Vaccinii-Corymbosi

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1278-1279
Author(s):  
C. W. Mims ◽  
E. A. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Taxonomic Character ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Disease Initiation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi is the cause of mummy berry disease of commercial blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) grown in the United States and Canada (1). Ovaries of blueberry flowers are infected by the conidia (asexual spores) of this pathogen. However, despite their importance in disease initiation, little is known of the ultrastructural features of these conidia. The only ultrastructural data on these spores has come from the work of Batra (2) who used scanning electron microscopy to describe the morphology of the so-called “disjunctors” which connect adjacent conidia of M. vaccinii-corymbosi. The presence or absence of disjunctors is an important taxonomic character in the genus Monilinia (1) but little is known of their development and exact nature. The objective of this study was, therefore, to elucidate details of conidium and disjunctor development in M. vaccinii-corymbosi.

Punctastriata altera sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Fragilariophyceae), a diatom from the United States of America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 516 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO A. MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scanning Electron

The genus Punctastriata D.M.Williams & Round (1988: 278) contains 10 species that are difficult to identify under light microscopy (LM) (Wetzel & Ector 2021, Morales et al. 2021). The difficulty lies in the differentiation of the overall valve outline and striation pattern of these species from members of Staurosirella D.M.Williams & Round (1988: 274). Under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the striae of species of Punctastriata are typically multiseriate, the consequence of a profuse formation of viminules. In Staurosirella, the striae are composed of long and slender vimines delimiting apically oriented lineolae (Morales et al. 2021), while the production of viminules is incomplete and rare (Morales 2005).

Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
J. R. Millette ◽  
R. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

scholarly journals First definitive record of a whip scorpion Labochirus tauricornis (Pocock, 1900) from Goa, India: with notes on its morphometry and pedipalp micro-morphology

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 11955
Author(s):  
Manoj Ramakant Borkar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The State ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Micro Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bastawade & Borkar in 2008 made a passing reference to the presence of a single uropygid species in Goa, though without much primary diagnostic data on the collected specimen of four females.  The present study puts in place a definitive record of the uropygid, Labochirus tauricornis Pocock, (1900) in the state of Goa, and addresses an important gap in our understanding of its occurrence, morphology, and ecology. Besides documenting the species of this cryptozoic, nocturnal arachnid predator commonly known as ‘Vinegaroon’ on account of their vinegary allomone spray; the present study also describes the gross morphology , morphometry and micro-morphology of non-ambulatory sub-raptorial pedipalps which are of taxonomic-diagnostic value, elucidated using scanning electron microscopy, in addition to routine stereomicroscopy. The paper also examines in detail, sexual dimorphism and morphometry of this uropygid species. 

Taxonomically Important Features on the Surface of Floatoblasts in Plumatella (Bryozoa)

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Suture Line ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract At the species level, bryozoans (class Phylactolaemata) in the family Plumatellidae are difficult to organize taxonomically. Of principal concern is the absence of consistent distinguishing features due mainly to plasticity of the group, a common problem with soft-bodied invertebrates. Yet, within the last three decades, analysis of distinctive chitinous statoblasts—using scanning electron microscopy—has resolved certain taxonomic questions. I examined statoblasts from 30 similar collections, the majority from the midwestern United States, and identified four distinct subgroups. Also, nine new statoblast surface features were identified: fold, polar grooves, bead, cave, demarcation, parasutural zone, ridge, sutural band, and sutural knob. The surface features of floating statoblasts (floatoblasts) provide useful data for species identification. Most consistently useful in plumatellids is a suture which varies from one species to the next. Mound-like tubercles and net-like ridges are next in the extent of variability. Finally, folds and polar grooves are present but vary even within floatoblasts from the same colony. Analysis of the suture in Plumatella fungosa, over a 5-day germination period, reveals all features at the site remain intact regardless of the initial age of the floatoblast. Only the suture line itself splits lengthwise to permit emergence of the new animal.

scholarly journals Achene micromorphology and its taxonomic significance in some species in Taraxacum sect. Palustria (Asteraceae)

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Rewicz ◽  
Jolanta Marciniuk ◽  
Paweł Marciniuk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
As Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

The genus Taraxacum is one of the largest and taxonomically most complicated apomictic genera. Currently, it is considered to consist of over 2800 species placed within 60 sections. Due to the large number of species, and their uniform morphological design and plasticity of leaves, the identification of plants at the species level is challenging even for specialists. This problem significantly hinders the study of their properties and the rational use of these valuable medicinal and nutritional plants. This paper presents the results of research on the morphology and micromorphology of achenes of 28 Taraxacum species of sect. Palustria and for comparison one species per section of: Erythrosperma, Naevosa, Piesis, and Taraxacum. The achenes were measured with a stereoscopic microscope and a biometric program, and micromorphological studies were performed by scanning electron microscopy. It has been shown that traits associated with achene morphology and micromorphology have a high diagnostic value, allowing us to distinguish sections as well as species within the sect. Palustria. Based on the examined achene features, a dichotomous key for determining the studied species was constructed.

Scanning electron microscopy of three types of ectomycorrhizae formed on Eucalyptus nova-anglica in the southeastern United States

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Rose Jr. ◽  
C. Gerald Van Dyke ◽  
C. B. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three different types of ectomycorrhizae found in the Southeastern United States on Eucalyptus nova-anglica and identified as being formed by Cenococcum geophilum, Pisolithus tinctorius, and Scleroderma geaster were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In overall appearance the three types of mycorrhizae could be distinguished easily from each other, particularly C. geophilum, which had a relatively smooth, undulate surface in comparison with the other two types. Detailed descriptions and comparisons of these ectomycorrhizae are given and the value of SEM in characterizing ectomycorrhizae is discussed

Scanning electron microscopy of eggs of Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae, Aedini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3509 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS BRISOLA MARCONDES ◽  
GERSON AZULIM MÜLLER ◽  
JACENIR SANTOS-MALLET ◽  
JERONIMO ALENCAR ◽  
JULIANA SOARES SARMENTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Egg Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

The study of egg morphology is useful for the identification of material from aquatic habitats. For example, based on brief descriptions of external morphology of the eggs, Scotton and Axtell (1979) analysed the distribution of Ochlerotatus sollicitans (Walker) and Oc. taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) in several coastal habitats in North Carolina, United States.

The Distribution and Structure of Pits Between Vessels and Imperforate Tracheary Elements in Angiosperm Woods

IAWA Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzou Sano ◽  
Tomohiro Ohta ◽  
Steven Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Bordered Pits ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study focuses on the interspecific variation in the distribution and structure of pits between vessels and imperforate tracheary elements. Specimens from the outer sapwood of eight species, in which vessel elements are frequently in contact with fibres and/or tracheids, were prepared using two different techniques and examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. In three species in which vessels are surrounded by vasicentric tracheids and/or fibres with distinctly bordered pits, pit pairs frequently occurred in walls between vessels and imperforate tracheary elements. In the five species in which vessels are in contact with fibres with indistinctly bordered pits, no or very few pit pairs were present, and blind pits were often found. Blind pits were exclusively present in vessel elements in some species, while they were restricted to imperforate tracheary elements in other species. The nature of vessel to imperforate tracheary element pitting appears to depend on tracheary element specialization.

Isoetes ×echtuckerii, hyb. nov., a new triploid quillwort from northeastern North America

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F Brunton ◽  
Donald M Britton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
United States ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
North America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Spore Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new interspecific Isoetes hybrid, I. echinospora Dur. × I. tuckermanii A. Br., is described from northeastern North America by means of cytology and the scanning electron microscopy of spores. Isoetes ×echtuckerii D.F. Brunton and D.M. Britton, hyb. nov., is the name proposed for this taxon. It is triploid, produces only aborted, sterile spores and has spore ornamentation intermediate between that of its putative parents. Populations have been identified in eastern Canada and the adjacent United States of America growing in association with one or both parents in shallow, fresh water along oligotrophic lake and river shores. Key words: Isoetes ×echtuckerii, interspecific hybrid, Canada, United States of America.

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