Comparative Wood Anatomy of Perennial Shoots of Potentilla (Rosaceae)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stepanova ◽  
E.S. Chavchavadze ◽  
S. Jausen
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy

The wood anatomy of perennial shoots of 26 Potentilla speeies was studied using light and scanning eleetron mieroseopy. Secondary xylem of different growth forms was compared. The wood anatomy of perennial shoots of Potentilla speeies with growth forms intermediate between shrubs and herbs (except P. biflora and P. palustris) is similar to the wood anatomy of shrubs. Wood anatomy ofherbaeeous speeies is diverse, and some features have systematie signifieanee. Parenehymati sation and the anatomie al ehanges eorrelated with this proeess appear to be a general trend in the strueture of secondary xylem in rhizomes of herbaeeous Potentilla. This trend may aiso be eommon in rhizome s of other herbaeeous plants, and further studies are required to investigate this.

scholarly journals Comparative wood anatomy of Ficus cestrifolia (Moraceae) in two distinct soil conditions

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 2109-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior ◽  
Maick Willian Amorim ◽  
Patrícia Soffiatti
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Xylem Structure ◽  
Water Conduction ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy

Abstract Wood anatomical traits respond to environmental variables and among them, soil has a direct impact on secondary xylem. This study compares the wood anatomy of two populations of Ficus cestrifolia occurring in two lowland formations of Southern Brazil (MAQ and SJS) with similar climate but different soil conditions. Wood samples were collected at breast height and prepared according to standard wood anatomy techniques. Soil samples were collected and subjected to a nutrient analysis. Wood was described quali and quantitatively. The qualitative wood anatomical features of both populations were similar. Some quantitative differences were observed. In MAQ area, the levels of macro- and micronutrients were higher than in SJS. Its population presented higher vessel frequency, thicker-walled fibers, and lower vulnerability index. SJS's population had longer fibers, wider rays and a higher ray frequency, and higher vulnerability index. This suite of characters indicates that the MAQ population has a safer and more efficient xylem structure for water conduction. Under the influence of similar climate and soil type, differences regarding wood anatomical traits found between the two populations of Ficus cestrifolia can thus be regarded as an ecological response to the micro-environmental soils nutrients composition.

Conductance in the wood of selected Carboniferous plants

Paleobiology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Cichan
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Specific Conductance ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Seed Plant ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Conducting Tissue

Specific conductance was calculated for secondary xylem in seven Carboniferous stem taxa utilizing an equation derived from the Hagen-Poiseuille relation. Arborescent and lianoid representatives of major pteridophytic (Calamitaceae, Lepidodenraceae, Sphenophyllaceae) and gymnospermous (Cordaitaceae, Medullosaceae) groups were examined. In the calamite Arthropitys communis and the seed plant Cordaites (Cordaixylon sp. and Mesoxylon sp.), conductance corresponded approximately to the low end of the range for both extant conifers and angiosperms. A substantially higher conductance was determined for the wood of Arthropitys deltoides, conforming to the high end of the range for conifers and the low-middle part of the range for angiosperms. The highest conductance values were found in Sphenophyllum plurifoliatum, Medullosa noei, and Paralycopodites brevifolius and corresponded to the middle-high portion of the range for vessel-containing angiosperms. This outcome is particularly significant in light of the fact that tracheary elements in the fossils are imperforate. The results indicate that conductance in secondary xylem of some of the most ancient, woody groups was comparable to that in extant plants and that highly effective conducting tissue developed relatively early in plant evolution. Moreover, it is suggested that the general relationship between wood anatomy, growth habit, and ecology demonstrated for living plants can also be extended back in time to include fossil plants.

Comparative wood anatomy of Eucryphia wilkiei and E. jinksii (Cunoniaceae): two narrow endemics from Queensland, Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Imogen Poole ◽  
Richard W. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Anatomical Data ◽  
Narrow Endemics ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy

Qualitative and quantitative wood anatomical data are given for two narrow Queensland endemic Eucryphia species, E. wilkiei B.Hyland and Eucryphia jinksii P.I.Forst. Comparisons of wood anatomy of all extant Eucryphia taxa show that E. jinksii and E. wilkiei are distinct from each other, and other Eucryphia species. However, for both species characters relating to perforation plates, helical thickening (E. wilkiei only) and fibres are shared with the South American species, whereas the presence of crystals in the axial parenchyma is shared only with the Australian species. These data suggest that, based on wood anatomy, E. jinksii and E. wilkiei are basal among Australian species.

scholarly journals Comparative wood anatomy of species of Psychotria L. (Rubiaceae) in Atlantic Rainforest remnants of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas B. C. Marques ◽  
Cátia H. Callado ◽  
Guilherme R. Rabelo ◽  
Sebastião J. da Silva Neto ◽  
Maura da Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Wood functional anatomy of Chiococca alba Hitch. (Rubiaceae) from cerrado

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Junior ◽  
Maick William Amorim ◽  
Gustavo Borda De Oliveira ◽  
Celso Voos Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Great Resistance ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Anatomical Analysis ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Perforation Plates

The wood anatomy is able to evidence systematic and ecological aspects associated with the evolution and functionality of the secondary xylem. The present study was carried out using wood of Chiococca alba (Rubiaceae) from cerrado (savannah), to describe its anatomy and to verify if the hydraulic architecture of this species corroborates the theory that postulates the functional tendency that optimizes the transport efficiency associated with safety. The anatomical analysis followed the conventional protocols of wood anatomy. Different indexes of wood hydraulics quantification were calculated, such as solitary vessels index, vessel grouping, conductivity, vessel collapse, theoretical resistance to vessel implosion and mesomorphism. The structural characteristics described for C. alba are in agreement with the general anatomical descriptions for the Rubiaceae family that relate the presence of exclusively solitary vessels and small diameter, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits, apotracheal parenchyma in species with non-septate fibers and narrow and heterogeneous rays. The calculated indexes showed that C. alba is a xerophyte species with great resistance to the collapse of the vessels during the transport of water, little vulnerability to embolism and relative efficiency in the transport when compared to other species of its subfamily (Cinchonoideae) in function of the typical low water availability of the savannah soil.

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